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Co-diffusion of boron and phosphorus for ultra-thin crystalline silicon solar cells
Choi, Jihye,Lee, Hyeonseung,Jung, Beomsic,Woo, Jeong-Hyun,Kim, Ju-Young,Lee, Kyu-Sung,Jeong, Jeung-hyun,Choi, Jea-Young,Kim, Won Mok,Lee, Wook Seong,Jeong, Doo Seok,Lee, Taek-Sung,Choi, Doo Jin,Kim, I IOP 2018 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.51 No.27
<P>This paper reports the fabrication of crystalline silicon passivated emitter rear totally diffused (c-Si PERT) solar cells with ultra-thin p-type wafers 50 <I>µ</I>m in thickness. Co-diffusion of boron and phosphorus in a single rapid thermal processing cycle, and an Al spin-on glass post-curing process were developed to remove the boron rich layer which is detrimental to c-Si solar cells. Co-diffusion was carried out with spin-on diffusion sources using boric acid and a P spin on dopant for simple and cost-effective emitter and back surface field (BSF) formation processes. The fabricated ultra-thin c-Si PERT cell featured an open circuit voltage (V<SUB>oc</SUB>) of 0.575 V, a short circuit current density (J<SUB>sc</SUB>) of 35.8 mA cm<SUP>−2</SUP>, a fill factor of 0.725, and a power conversion efficiency of 15.0%. The efficiency has improved by 2% compared with the standard structure cell with Al-BSF using thin evaporated Al 2 <I>µ</I>m in thickness. Along with cell output parameters, the flexural strength and critical bending radius were measured by a four point bending test, and the results showed that the solar cells with thinner rear Al electrodes are more applicable for a flexible solar cell device.</P>
Choi, Jene,Moon, Soo Young,Hong, Joon Pio,Song, Ji-young,Oh, Kyung Taek,Lee, Sang-wook Informa UK Ltd 2010 Cancer investigation Vol.28 No.5
<P><B>Epidermal growth factor (EGF) stimulates apoptosis in tumor cells depending on the expression levels of EGF receptor and Her2. We examined the protein levels in 22 different cancer cell lines and assessed the responses to EGF. EGF-induced cytotoxicity was not correlated with the levels of either EGFR or Her2. Fourteen cell lines exhibited decreased cell proliferation, whereas 293T cells did not display any noticeable changes and degraded transiently expressed EGFR following EGF treatment. EGF treatment resulted in significant tumor growth inhibition in some xenografts. Our data indicate that exogenous EGF treatment leads to growth inhibition rather than inducing tumor cell proliferation.</B></P>
Choi, Chul-Min,Oh, Young-Taek,Kim, Kyung-Jun,Park, Jin-Suk,Sukegawa, Hiroaki,Mitani, Seiji,Kim, Sung-Kyu,Lee, Jeong-Yong,Song, Yun-Heub Institute of Physics 2016 Semiconductor science and technology Vol.31 No.7
<P>Temperature dependence of the reliability characteristics of magnetic tunnel junctions (MTJs) with a thin (∼1 nm thick) MgO dielectric film were investigated by numerical analyses based on the E-model, 1/E-model, and power-law voltage V-model, as well as by measuring time-dependent dielectric breakdown (TDDB) degradation. Although the tunneling process giving rise to TDDB is still under debate, the temperature dependence of TDDB was much weaker using the 1/E model than the E-model or power-law model. The TDDB data measured experimentally in CoFeB/MgO/CoFeB MTJ devices also showed rather weak temperature dependence, in good agreement with the numerical results obtained from the 1/E-model considering the self-heating effect in MTJ devices. Moreover, we confirmed by interval voltage stress tests that some degradation in the MgO dielectric layer occurred. Based on our findings, we suggest that to characterize the reliability of MTJs, combined temperature measurements of TDDB and 1/E-model analyses taking the self-heating effect into account should be performed.</P>
Random Si nanopillars for broadband antireflection in crystalline silicon solar cells
Choi, Junhee,Lee, Taek Sung,Jeong, Doo Seok,Lee, Wook Seong,Kim, Won Mok,Lee, Kyeong-Seok,Kim, Donghwan,Kim, Inho Institute of Physics Publishing Ltd. 2016 Journal of Physics. D, Applied Physics Vol.49 No.37
<P>We demonstrate the fabrication of shallow Si nanopillar structures at a submicron scale which provides broadband antireflection for crystalline Si (c-Si) solar cells in the wavelength range of 350 nm–1100 nm. The Si random nanopillars were made by reactive ion etch (RIE) processing with thermally dewetted Sn metals as an etch mask. The diameters and coverages of the Si nanopillars were adjusted in a wide range of the nanoscale to microscale by varying the nominal thickness of the Sn metals and subsequent annealing temperatures. The height of the nanopillars was controlled by the RIE process time. The optimal size of the nanopillars, which are 340 nm in diameter and 150 nm in height, leads to the lowest average reflectance of 3.6%. We showed that the power conversion efficiency of the c-Si solar cells could be enhanced with the incorporation of optimally designed Si random nanopillars from 13.3% to 14.0%. The fabrication scheme of the Si nanostructures we propose in this study would be a cost-effective and promising light trapping technique for efficient c-Si solar cells.</P>
A Minority Carrier Lifetime Analysis Method of Silicon Solar Cells for Industrial Application
Sang Hee Lee(이상희),Kwan Hong Min(민관홍),Sungjin Choi(최성진),Hee-eun Song(송희은),Min Gu Kang(강민구),Kyung Taek Jeong(정경택),Jae Ho Yun(윤재호),Taejun Kim(김태준),Sungeun Park(박성은) 한국태양에너지학회 2021 한국태양에너지학회 학술대회논문집 Vol.2021 No.5
Choi, Chang-Min,Kang, Cheol-In,Kim, Young-Keun,Heo, Sang-Taek,Kim, Chang-Hoon,Song, Jae-Kyung,Jung, Hee-Saeng The Korean Academy of Tuberculosis and Respiratory 2009 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.67 No.5
Background: Several large outbreaks have demonstrated the threat of community-associated methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) in close-contact environments, such as occurs during training and quartering of military recruits training. In South Korea, which is a hospital or healthcare-associated MRSA prevalent area, military service is compulsory for all healthy young men. We surveyed and determined the extent of CA-MRSA colonization in the upper respiratory tracts of Korean military recruits. Methods: The Korean military recruits who were enrolled in a military training facility from November 2004 to March 2005 were eligible for this study. Sputum or nasopharyngeal swap was obtained from randomly selected subjects who displayed upper respiratory tract symptoms. Results: Of the 181 participants, 32 participants (17.7%) were colonized with S. aureus, and 12 participants (6.6%) were colonized with MRSA. Among the cases that were colonized with S. aureus, 37.5% (12/32) were colonized with MRSA. Antimicrobial susceptibility testing showed resistant patterns that were suggestive of the CA-MRSA strains for all of the MRSA isolates. Conclusion: This study of Korean military recruits found a great deal of showed MRSA colonization in them, and the antimicrobial resistant profile that was suggestive of a CA-MRSA strain. Further efforts to prevent the spread of MRSA infections and careful monitoring for CA-MRSA outbreaks are warranted, especially in a high risk group such as military recruits.
Choi, Sang-Hoon,Yoon, Taek-Joon The Korean Association of Immunobiologists 2008 Immune Network Vol.8 No.3
Background: The effects of the dietary administration of two heat-inactivated whole bacteria from the Vibrionaceae family, singly or combined, on innate immune response of the rainbow trout were studied. The two bacteria (Pdp11 and 51M6), which were obtained from the skin of rainbow trout, showed in vitro characteristics that suggested they could be considered as potential fish probiotics. Methods: The fish were fed four different diets: control (non-supplemented), or diets supplemented with heat-inactivated bacteria at $10^8$ cfu/g Pdp11, $10^8$ cfu/g 51M6 or with $0.5{\times}10^8$ cfu/g Pdp11 plus $0.5{\times}10^8$ cfu/g 51M6 for 4 weeks. Six fish were sampled at weeks 1, 2, 3 and 4, and then the main humoral (natural haemolytic complement activity and serum peroxidase content) and cellular innate immune responses (leucocyte peroxidase content, phagocytosis, respiratory burst and cytotoxicity) were evaluated. Results: The serum peroxidase content and the natural haemolytic complement activity increased with time, reaching the highest values in the third and fourth weeks of feeding, respectively. The phagocytic ability of specimens fed the mixture of the two inactivated bacteria was significantly higher than in the controls after 2 and 3 weeks of treatment. The same activity increased significantly in rainbow trout fed the Pdp11 diet for 2 weeks or the 51M6 diet for 3 weeks. Respiratory burst activity was unaffected by all the experimental diets at all times assayed. Cytotoxic activity had significantly increased after 3 weeks in fish fed the 51M6 diet. Conclusion: Our results demonstrated the usefulness of incorporating inactivated probiotic bacteria into fish diets.