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The Impact of Oil Palm Farming on Household Income and Expenditure in Indonesia
Arga RAMADHANA,Ferdoushi AHMED,Sutonya THONGRAK 한국유통과학회 2021 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.8 No.4
Indonesia is the largest exporter of palm oil in the world. The province of West Sulawesi is the second-largest palm oil producer in Indonesia. This study examines the contributions of oil palm farming to total household income and the factors affecting the household expenditure of oil palm smallholders in West Sulawesi, Indonesia. This study also identifies the problems related to oil palm production in the province. Primary data were collected from 174 oil palm smallholders using a standardized questionnaire in the Lariang sub-district, Pasangkayu, West Sulawesi, Indonesia. Several statistical tools were employed to analyze the data. The study estimated the average household income of the smallholders at IDR 30,417,441 per year, out of which 85,8% comes from oil palm farming, followed by non-oil palm farming (8%) and off farming (6.2%). On the other hand, the average household expenditure was found to be IDR 23,476,069 per year which 66% goes for food consumption and 34% for non-food consumption. The findings revealed that household expenditure of the oil palm smallholders is strongly and positively affected by a number of factors such as household income, education level, family size, earning members in the family, number of children attending school, and amount of credit taken by the household.
Assessing Students' Satisfaction in Public Universities in Bangladesh: An Empirical Study
RAHMAN, S.M. Mahbubur,MIA, Md. Shahin,AHMED, Ferdoushi,THONGRAK, Sutonya,KIATPATHOMCHAI, Sirirat Korea Distribution Science Association 2020 The Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Busine Vol.7 No.8
This study aims to examine the level of students' satisfaction toward the services (i.e. accommodation facilities, transportation facilities, and recreation and sports facilities) provided by the public universities in Bangladesh. The study also aims to identify the major service factors that influence students' satisfaction in public universities in the country. A cross-sectional survey was conducted at six public universities to obtain primary data. A standardized questionnaire was distributed to a total of 500 randomly selected students to collect the data. Several statistical tools, namely, reliability analysis, descriptive statistics, correlation analysis and multiple regression analysis were employed to analyze the data. The findings revealed that recreation and sports facilities have the strongest impact on students' satisfaction in the public universities in Bangladesh. Transportation facilities also have positive and significant impact on student's satisfaction. However, the study found a negative correlation between accommodation facilities and students' satisfaction indicating that students are not satisfied with the accommodation facilities provided by the public universities. The findings of this study provide an insight about students' satisfaction that might be useful to authorities of the public universities and other higher educational institutions in designing policies for various services and facilities to be provided to their students.