A Study on an Independent Steering & Driving Control Algorithm for 6WS/6WD Vehicles

Joo-Young Choi,Dong-Hyung Kim,Chang-Jun Kim,Young-Ryul Kim,Sang-Ho Kim5,Chang-Soo Han 제어로봇시스템학회 2010 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2010 No.10

Skid-steered vehicles are favored for military use in off-road operations because of their high maneuverability and mobility on extreme terrains and obstacles. There is a trend towards transforming steered tracked vehicles to skid-steered wheel vehicles for high speed at the expense of reduced mobility. Skid-steered vehicles turn by generating different longitudinal forces at the tires due to the application of different torques to the wheels on the opposite side of the vehicle. Conventional vehicles, however, cannot generate an opposite driving force at each side wheel. Using an independent steering and driving system, six-wheel vehicles can show better performance than conventional vehicles. Hybrid steering is a combination of skid steering in the load velocity and the steered wheel system at high speed. This steering enhances maneuverability under low speed and stability at high speed. This paper describes a 6WS/6WD vehicle for hybrid steering in three parts: the Vehicle Model, the Control Algorithm for Hybrid Steering, and a Simulation. First, the vehicle model is an application of the TruckSim software for 6WS and 6WD. Second, the hybrid steering control algorithm describes the optimum tire force distribution method for energy savings. The last is simulation and verification.

Construction of Stably Transformed Bm 5 Cells by Using Autographa californica Nuclear Polyhedrosis Virus IE 0 Gene

Cho, Eun Sook,Jin, Byung Rae,Sohn, Hung Dae,Choi, Kwang Ho,Kim, Soung Ryul,Kang, Seok Woo,Yun, Eun Young,Kim, Sang Hyun,Kim, Keun Young,Je, Yeon Ho,Kang, Seok Kwon 한국잠사학회 1998 한국잠사곤충학회지 Vol.40 No.2

To construct transfurmed Bm5 cells, Autographa californica nuclear polyhedrosis virus(AcNPV) IE1 gene, an immediate early viral gene was firstly used in this study. AcNPV IE1 gene, which shares on 95.3% nucleotide sequence homology with Bombyx mori nuclear polyhedrosis virus (BmNPV) IE1 gene, was isolated and cloned into pBluescript. Neomycin gene from pKO-neo was inserted under the control of the IE1 promoter to yield pAcIE1-neo. The plasmid pAcIE1-neo was transfected into Bm5 or Sf9 cells, and neomycin-resistant cells were selected in TC100 medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS) and 1 mg/ml G4l8 for two weeks. Individual clones were picked and each was amplified for further characterization. The genomic DNA from neomycin-resistant cells was isolated and characterized by PCR using AcNPV IEI gene-specific primers and by Southern blot analysis using neomycin gene probe. We concluded that AcNPV IE1 gene was functional in B. mori-derived Bm5 cells as well as Spodoptera fugjprrda-derived Sf9 cells to produce stably-transformed insect cells

Studies of the Interaction between Humann Replicaiton Protein A and the DNA Repair Protein XPA

Kim,Dong-Kyoo,Lee,Bong-Eun,Sung,Jae-Wook,Lee,Jong-Ryul 인제대학교기초과학연구소 1998 자연과학 Vol.2 No.-

사람의 단일가닥 DNA결합 단백질 (HSSB)로도 알려져 있는 복제 단백질인 replication protein A(RPA)는 70, 34 11, kDa 의 크기를 가지는 세 개의 subunit (각각 p70, p34, p11)이 강하게 결합되어 있으며, DNA의 세가지 대사과정 즉, 복제, 수선, 제조합에 모두 관여한다. 본 연구에서는 RPA의 p34 및 p70 두 개의 subunit이 자외선에 의하여 손상된 DNA의 인식에 작용하는 단백질인 XPA (Xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein A)와 상호 작용함을 알았다. XPA와 상호 작용하는 RPA p70의 도메인 (domain)을 밝히기 위해, p70의 다양한 도메인을 제거한 10종류의 변이체(deletion mutant)를 만들었다. 이 변이체를 이용하여 실험한 결과, p70의 어느 특정 도메인이 XPA와의 상호작용에 관여하지는 않는 것으로 생갹되었다. 또한 XPA와 RPA간의 상호작용이 simian virus 40 (SV40) DNA 복제에 미치는 영향을 살펴본 결과, XPA가 RPA와의 상호작용을 통해 SV40 DNA 복제를 저해함을 알 수 있었다. 이러한 결과들로 미루어볼 때, RPA는 DNA 대사에 관여하는 단백질들과의 상호작용을 통해 DNA 대사의 조절에 관여할 가능성을 가지고 있음을 알 수 있다. Human replication protein A (RPA; also known as human single-stranded DNA binding protein, HSSB) is a multisubunit complex (70, 34 and 11kDa subunits) involved in the three DNA metabolism; replication, repair, recombination. We found that both 34 and 70 kDa subunits (p34 and p70, respectively) of RPA interacts with Xeroderma pigmentosum group A complementing protein (XPA), a protein that specifically recognizes UV-damaged DNA. Our mutational analysis indicated that no particular domains of RPA p70 were essential for its interaction with XPA. We also found that XPA inhibited SV40 DNA replication in vitro through its interaction with RPA. Taken these results together, we conclude that there is a role for RPA in regulation through its ability to modulate interactions with proteins involved DNA metabolism.

Ion-neutral collision effect on ion-ion two-stream-instability near sheath-presheath boundary in two-ion-species plasmas

Kim, Nam-Kyun,Song, Jaemin,Roh, Hyun-Joon,Jang, Yunchang,Ryu, Sangwon,Huh, Sung-Ryul,Kim, Gon-Ho IOP PUBLISHING 2017 PLASMA SOURCES SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.26 No.6

<P>Recent studies have demonstrated that the two-ion-stream-instability occurs near the plasma boundary and makes the ions reach the ‘modified Bohm velocity’ at the sheath edge. In most low-temperature plasmas, however, the ion-neutral collisions can disturb the growth of instability to occur frequently, and the ions exit the plasma boundary with their own Bohm velocities. We report some experimental observations regarding this issue. The spatial variations of the ion drift velocities and the space potential near the sheath edge were measured in Ar/Xe mixture plasmas by increasing the total pressure in the range of 0.5–2.1 mTorr. The results show that the instability cannot occur above a certain pressure condition and that is consistent with the theoretically driven pressure criteria for the onset of the instability.</P>

Transcriptional regulation, stabilization, and subcellular redistribution of multidrug resistance-associated protein 1 (MRP1) by glycogen synthase kinase 3αβ: novel insights on modes of cadmium-induced cell death stimulated by MRP1

Kim, Hak-Ryul,Lee, Kang-Yoo,Ahn, Sang-Gun,Lee, Byung-Hoon,Jung, Ki-Tae,Yoon, Jung-Hoon,Yoon, Hyo-Eun,Oh, Seon-Hee Springer-Verlag 2015 Archives of toxicology Vol.89 No.8

Conformally direct imprinted inorganic surface corrugation for light extraction enhancement of light emitting diodes.

Kim, Sarah,Kim, Sang-Mook,Park, Hyeong-Ho,Choi, Dae-Geun,Jung, Jae-Woo,Jeong, Jun Ho,Jeong, Jong-Ryul Optical Society of America 2012 Optics express Vol.20 No.5

<P>We describe the fabrication of corrugated inorganic oxide surface via direct single step conformal nanoimprinting to achieve enhanced light extraction in light emitting diodes (LEDs). Nanoscale zinc oxide (ZnO) and indium tin oxide (ITO) corrugated layer were created on a nonplanar GaN LED surface including metal electrode using ultraviolet (UV) assisted conformal nanoimprinting and subsequent inductively coupled plasma reactive ion etching (ICP-RIE) treatment. The total output powers of the surface corrugated LEDs increased by 45.6% for the patterned sapphire substrate LED and 41.9% for the flat c-plane substrate LED without any degradation of the electrical characteristics. The role of the nanoscale corrugations on the light extraction efficiency enhancement was examined using 3-dimensional finite-difference time-domain (FDTD) analysis. It was found that light scattering by subwavelength scale surface corrugation plays important role to redirect the trapped light into radiative modes. This straightforward inorganic oxide imprint method with inherent flexibility provides an efficient way to generate nanoscale surface textures for the production of high power LEDs and optoelectronic devices.</P>

Prenatal Population Screening for Fragile X Carrier and the Prevalence of Premutation Carriers in Korea

Sung-Hee Han,Yun-Ah Heo,Young-Ho Yang,Young-Jin Kim,Han-Ik Cho,Kyoung-Ryul Lee 대한의학유전학회 2012 대한의학유전학회지 Vol.9 No.2

Purpose: Fragile X carrier detection before or at early pregnancy through a wide screening program may not only confer a risk of having offspring with Fragile X syndrome (FXS), but may also confer a risk for Fragile X-associated primary ovarian insufficiency and Fragile X-associated tremor/ataxia syndrome. However, prior to the implementation of such a program, the carrier prevalence in a population and the availability of effective screening test should be evaluated. The aim of our study was to determine the prevalence of premutation carriers and to evaluate the feasibility of screening test. Materials and Methods: The blood samples were obtained from 8,641 pregnant women with no family history of mental retardation. We performed a three-primer CGG repeat primed (RP) PCR using the AmplideXTM FMR1 PCR kit (Asuragen, Inc. Austin, TX, USA). Samples showing full mutation alleles were reflexed to Southern blot analysis for methylation status and sizing. Results: Among the 8,641 women, we found 8 premutation carriers (1:1,090, 0.09%) and 46 women with an intermediate allele (1:190, 0.53%). No woman was found to carry the fully mutated allele. All the detected alleles were within the CGG repeat range of 8-117. Among the 8,641 samples, 29 and 30 CGG repeats represent 66.6% of all cases. The CGG RP PCR method provides robust detection of expanded alleles and resolves allele zygosity, thus minimizing the number of samples that require Southern blot analysis. Conclusion: This is the first study that has focused on the prevalence of FXS premutation carriers and FMR1 allele distribution in normal pregnant women. These data have important implications for population-based fragile X carrier screening in Korea.

Research Articles : Cloning and Characterization of Bombyx mori Cyclophilin A

( Sung Wan Kim ),( Eun Young Yun ),( Seong Ryul Kim ),( Seung Won Park ),( Seok Woo Kang ),( O Yu Kwon ),( Tae Won Goo ) 한국잠사학회 2011 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.23 No.2

Cyclophilins are originally identified as cytosolic binding protein of the immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A. They have an activity of peptidyl prolyl cis/trans-isomerases (PPIase), which may play important roles in protein folding, trafficking, assembly and cell signaling. In this study, we report the cloning and characterization of a Bombyx mori cyclophilin A (bCypA) cDNA. The full-length cDNA of bCypA consist of 947 nucleotides with a polyadenylation signal sequence AATAAA and contain an open reading frame of 498 nucleotides encoding a polypeptide of 166 amino acids. The deduced amino acid sequence of bCypA shares a central peptidyl prolyl cis/trans-isomerase and a cyclosporin-A-binding domain with other cyclophilin sequences. Relative quantification real-time (RT) PCR analysis shows that mRNA transcripts of bCypA are detected in all the investigated tissues and highest expression level in the skin of 3-day-old 5 instar larva. Also, bCypA had PPIase activity on the proline-containing peptides. Accordingly, we suggest that bCypA is a new member of the cyclophilin A (CyPA) family and will be useful for quality control of bioactivity recombinant proteins with proline-containing peptides.

Fluorescence optical detection in situ for real-time monitoring of cytochrome P450 enzymatic activity of liver cells in multiple microfluidic devices

Sung, Jong Hwan,Choi, Jong-ryul,Kim, Donghyun,Shuler, Michael L. Wiley Subscription Services, Inc., A Wiley Company 2009 Biotechnology and Bioengineering Vol.104 No.3

<P>We describe an in situ fluorescence optical detection system to demonstrate real-time and non-invasive detection of reaction products in a microfluidic device while under perfusion within a standard incubator. The detection system is designed to be compact and robust for operation inside a mammalian cell culture incubator for quantitative detection of fluorescent signal from microfluidic devices. When compared to a standard plate reader, both systems showed similar biphasic response curves with two linear regions. Such a detection system allows real-time measurements in microfluidic devices with cells without perturbing the culture environment. In a proof-of-concept experiment, the cytochrome P450 1A1/1A2 activity of a hepatoma cell line (HepG2/C3A) was monitored by measuring the enzymatic conversion of ethoxyresorufin to resorufin. The hepatoma cell line was embedded in Matrigel<SUP>TM</SUP> construct and cultured in a microfluidic device with medium perfusion. The response of the cells, in terms of P450 1A1/1A2 activity, was significantly different in a plate well system and the microfluidic device. Uninduced cells showed almost no activity in the plate assay, while uninduced cells in Matrigel<SUP>TM</SUP> with perfusion in a microfluidic device showed high activity. Cells in the plate assay showed a significant response to induction with 3-Methylcholanthrene while cells in the microfluidic device did not respond to the inducer. These results demonstrate that the system is a potentially useful method to measure cell response in a microfluidic system. Biotechnol. Bioeng. 2009; 104: 516–525 © 2009 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.</P>

B7-H4 downregulation induces mitochondrial dysfunction and enhances doxorubicin sensitivity via the cAMP/CREB/PGC1-관 signaling pathway in HeLa cells.

Kim, Hyoung Kyu,Song, In-Sung,Lee, Sun Young,Jeong, Seung Hun,Lee, Sung Ryul,Heo, Hye Jin,Thu, Vu Thi,Kim, Nari,Ko, Kyung Soo,Rhee, Byoung Doo,Jeong, Dae Hun,Kim, Young Nam,Han, Jin Springer-Verlag 2014 Pfl ugers Arch Vol.466 No.12

<P>B7-H4 is a B7 family coregulatory protein that inhibits T cell-mediated immunity. B7-H4 is overexpressed in various cancers; however, the functional role of B7-H4 in cancer metabolism is poorly understood. Because mitochondria play pivotal roles in development, proliferation, and death of cancer cells, we investigated molecular and functional alterations of mitochondria in B7-H4-depleted HeLa cells. In a human study, overexpression of B7-H4 was confirmed in the cervices of adenocarcinoma patients (n = 3) compared to noncancer patients (n = 3). In the cell line model, B7-H4 depletion was performed by transfection with small interfering RNA (siRNA). B7-H4 depletion suppressed oxygen consumption rate, ATP production, and mitochondrial membrane potential and mass and increased reactive oxygen species production. In particular, electron transport complex III activity was significantly impaired in siB7-H4-treated cells. Coincidently, depletion of B7-H4 suppressed major mitochondrial regulators (peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha [PGC1-관] and mitochondrial transcription factor A), a component of oxidative phosphorylation (ubiquinol-cytochrome c reductase core protein 1), and an antiapoptosis protein (Bcl-XL). Mitochondrial dysfunction in siRNA-treated cells significantly augmented oxidative stress, which strongly activated the JNK/P38/caspase axis in the presence of doxorubicin, resulting in increased apoptotic cell death. Investigating the mechanism of B7-H4-mediated mitochondrial modulation, we found that B7-H4 depletion significantly downregulated the cAMP/cAMP response element-binding protein/PGC1-관 signaling pathway. Based on these findings, we conclude that B7-H4 has a role in the regulation of mitochondrial function, which is closely related to cancer cell physiology and drug sensitivity.</P>