The role of lymphatic interventional radiology for postoperative lymphorrhea

Shuji Kariya,Shintaro Yamamoto,Miyuki Nakatani,Yasuyuki Ono,Takuji Maruyama,Noboru Tanigawa 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 Gastrointestinal Intervention Vol.11 No.4

Lymphorrhea after gastrointestinal surgery may be treated conservatively or surgically, and treatment by lymphatic interventional radiology has also recently come into use. From pedal lymphangiography, intranodal lymphangiography was widely adopted, enabling the site of lymphorrhea to be identified and its approach to be planned, and embolization for lymphorrhea is now becoming feasible in an increasing number of patients. Even for patients in whom embolization is infeasible, identifying the site of leakage and providing the surgeon with this information is useful. Although this technique is still under development, interventional radiologists are now able to play a role in the treatment of lymphorrhea. Herein, we discuss lymphatic interventional radiology for lymphorrhea following gastrointestinal surgery.

Evolution of Visual Pigments and Related Molecules

Hisatomi, Osamu,Yamamoto, Shintaro,Kobayashi, Yuko,Honkawa, Hanayo,Takahashi, Yusuke,Tokunaga, Fumio Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

In photoreceptor cells, light activates visual pigments consisting of a chromophore (retinal) and a protein moiety (opsin). Activated visual pigments trigger an enzymatic cascade, called phototransduction cascade, in which more than ten phototransduction proteins are participating. Two types of vertebrate photoreceptor cells, rods and cones, play roles in twilight and daylight vision, respectively. Cones are further classified into several subtypes based on their morphology and spectral sensitivity. Though the diversities of vertebrate photoreceptor cells are crucial for color discrimination and detection of light over a wider range of intensities, the molecular mechanism to characterize the photoreceptor types remains unclear. We investigated the amino acid sequences of about 50 vertebrate opsins, and found that these sequences can be classified into five fundamental subfamilies. Clear relationships were found between these subfamilies and their characteristic spectral sensitivities. In addition to opsins, we studied other phototransduction proteins. The amino acid sequences of phototransduction proteins can be classified into a few subfamilies. Even though their spectral sensitivity is considerably different, cones fundamentally share the phototransduction protein isoforms which are different from those found in rods. It is suggested that the difference in phototransduction proteins between rods and cones is responsible for their sensitivity to light. Isoforms and their selective expression may characterize individual photoreceptor cells, thus providing us with physiological functions such as color vision and daylight/twilight visions.

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis after living-donor liver transplantation

Vusal Aliyev,Shintaro Yagi,Ahmed Hammad,Amr Badawy,Yudai Sasaki,Yuki Masano,Gen Yamamoto,Naoko Kamo,Kojiro Taura,Hideaki Okajima,Toshimi Kaido,Shinji Uemoto 한국간담췌외과학회 2018 Annals of hepato-biliary-pancreatic surgery Vol.22 No.2

Sclerosing encapsulating peritonitis (SEP), or abdominal cocoon is a rare cause of intestinal obstruction, and still etiology remains unknown. We report a series of 4 patients with abdominal cocoon, and all the 4 patients had previously undergone living-donor liver transplantation (LDLT). There was no evidence of SEP before and during LDLT. At the time of diagnosis of SEP, 3 out of 4 patients had ascites. First and fourth patients had multiple episodes or attacks of cholangitis, which were managed by percutaneous transhepatic biliary drainage and hepaticojejunostomy, respectively. All 4 patients presented with intestinal obstruction and 3 of them underwent a successful operation. The fourth patient died due to liver failure and complications of the SEP. The first 3 patients are doing well without SEP recurrence. Our experience suggest that the prognosis of SEP is poor in patients with poor graft liver functions after LDLT.

The role of lymphatic interventional radiology for postoperative lymphorrhea

Shuji Kariya,Shintaro Yamamoto,Miyuki Nakatani,Yasuyuki Ono,Takuji Maruyama,Noboru Tanigawa 소화기인터벤션의학회 2022 International journal of gastrointestinal interven Vol.11 No.4

Lymphorrhea after gastrointestinal surgery may be treated conservatively or surgically, and treatment by lymphatic interventional radiology has also recently come into use. From pedal lymphangiography, intranodal lymphangiography was widely adopted, enabling the site of lymphorrhea to be identified and its approach to be planned, and embolization for lymphorrhea is now becoming feasible in an increasing number of patients. Even for patients in whom embolization is infeasible, identifying the site of leakage and providing the surgeon with this information is useful. Although this technique is still under development, interventional radiologists are now able to play a role in the treatment of lymphorrhea. Herein, we discuss lymphatic interventional radiology for lymphorrhea following gastrointestinal surgery.

EST analysis of regenerating newt retina

Hisatomi, Osamu,Hasegawa, Akiyuki,Goto, Tatsushi,Yamamoto, Shintaro,Sakami, Sanae,Kobayashi, Yuko,Tokunaga, Fumio Korean Society of Photoscience 2002 Journal of Photosciences Vol.9 No.2

A vertebrate retina is an organ belonging to the central nerve system (CNS), and is usually difficult to regenerate except at an embryonic stage in life. However, certain species of urodele amphibians, such as newts and salamanders, possess the ability to regenerate a functional retina from retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells even as adults. After surgical removal of neural retinas from adult newt eyes, the remaining RPE cells lose their pigment granules, transdifferentiate into retinal progenitor cells, which further differentiate into various retinal neurons, and then finally reform a functional neural network. To understand the molecular mechanisms of CNS regeneration, we attempted to investigate the genes expressing in regenerating newt retina. mRNAs were isolated from regenerating retinas at 18-19 days after the surgical removal of the normal retina, and a cDNA library (regenerating retinal cDNA library) were constructed. Our EST analysis of 112 clones in the regenerating cDNA library revealed that about 70% clones are closely related to the genes previously identified. About 40% clones are housekeeping genes, and about 15% clones encode proteins related to the regulation of gene expression and to the proliferation of the cells. Sequences similar to neural retina- and RPE-specific genes were not detected at all. These results led us to suppose that the regenerating retinal cells are in a state considerably different from those of neither neural retina nor RPE cells.

Human Leukocyte Antigens and Biomarkers in Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus Induced by Immune-checkpoint Inhibitors

Hidefumi Inaba,Yosuke Kaido,Saya Ito,Tomonao Hirobata,Gen Inoue,Takakazu Sugita,Yuki Yamamoto,Masatoshi Jinnin,Hiroaki Kimura,Tomoko Kobayashi,Shintaro Iwama,Hiroshi Arima,Takaaki Matsuoka 대한내분비학회 2022 Endocrinology and metabolism Vol.37 No.1

Background: Type 1 diabetes mellitus induced by immune-checkpoint inhibitors (ICI-T1DM) is a rare critical entity. However, the etiology of ICI-T1DM remains unclear. Methods: In order to elucidate risk factors for ICI-T1DM, we evaluated the clinical course and immunological status of patients with ICI-T1DM who had been diagnosed during 2016 to 2021. Results: Seven of 871 (0.8%, six men and one woman) patients developed ICI-T1DM. We revealed that the allele frequencies of human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-DPA1*02:02 and DPB1*05:01 were significantly higher in the patients with ICI-T1DM In comparison to the controls who received ICI (11/14 vs. 10/26, P=0.022; 11/14 vs. 7/26, P=0.0027, respectively). HLA-DRB1*04:05, which has been found to be a T1DM susceptibility allele in Asians, was also observed as a high-risk allele for ICI-T1DM. The significance of the HLA-DPB1*05:01 and DRB1*04:05 alleles was confirmed by an analysis of four additional patients. The absolute/relative neutrophil count, neutrophils-lymphocyte ratio, and neutrophil-eosinophil ratio increased, and the absolute lymphocyte count and absolute/relative eosinophil count decreased at the onset as compared with 6 weeks before. In two patients, alterations in cytokines and chemokines were found at the onset. Conclusion: Novel high-risk HLA alleles and haplotypes were identified in ICI-T1DM, and peripheral blood factors may be utilized as biomarkers.