Roll-to-Roll Gravure Printed Electrochemical Sensors for Wearable and Medical Devices

Bariya, Mallika,Shahpar, Ziba,Park, Hyejin,Sun, Junfeng,Jung, Younsu,Gao, Wei,Nyein, Hnin Yin Yin,Liaw, Tiffany Sun,Tai, Li-Chia,Ngo, Quynh P.,Chao, Minghan,Zhao, Yingbo,Hettick, Mark,Cho, Gyoujin,Jav American Chemical Society 2018 ACS NANO Vol.12 No.7

<P>As recent developments in noninvasive biosensors spearhead the thrust toward personalized health and fitness monitoring, there is a need for high throughput, cost-effective fabrication of flexible sensing components. Toward this goal, we present roll-to-roll (R2R) gravure printed electrodes that are robust under a range of electrochemical sensing applications. We use inks and electrode morphologies designed for electrochemical and mechanical stability, achieving devices with uniform redox kinetics printed on 150 m flexible substrate rolls. We show that these electrodes can be functionalized into consistently high performing sensors for detecting ions, metabolites, heavy metals, and other small molecules in noninvasively accessed biofluids, including sensors for real-time, <I>in situ</I> perspiration monitoring during exercise. This development of robust and versatile R2R gravure printed electrodes represents a key translational step in enabling large-scale, low-cost fabrication of disposable wearable sensors for personalized health monitoring applications.</P> [FIG OMISSION]</BR>

(Re-) Meshing using interpolative mapping and control point optimization

Voutchkov, Ivan,Keane, Andy,Shahpar, Shahrokh,Bates, Ron Society for Computational Design and Engineering 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.3

This work proposes a simple and fast approach for re-meshing the surfaces of smooth-featured geometries prior to CFD analysis. The aim is to improve mesh quality and thus the convergence and accuracy of the CFD analysis. The method is based on constructing an interpolant based on the geometry shape and then mapping a regular rectangular grid to the shape of the original geometry using that interpolant. Depending on the selected interpolation algorithm the process takes from less than a second to several minutes. The main interpolant discussed in this article is a Radial Basis Function with cubic spline basis, however other algorithms are also compared. The mesh can be optimized further using active (flexible) control points and optimization algorithms. A range of objective functions are discussed and demonstrated. The difference between re-interpolated and original meshes produces a metric function which is indicative of the mesh quality. It is shown that the method works for flat 2D surfaces, 3D surfaces and volumes.

(Re-) Meshing using interpolative mapping and control point optimization

Ivan Voutchkov,Andy Keane,Shahrokh Shahpar,Ron Bates 한국CDE학회 2018 Journal of computational design and engineering Vol.5 No.3

This work proposes a simple and fast approach for re-meshing the surfaces of smooth-featured geome-tries prior to CFD analysis. The aim is to improve mesh quality and thus the convergence and accuracy of the CFD analysis. The method is based on constructing an interpolant based on the geometry shape and then mapping a regular rectangular grid to the shape of the original geometry using that interpolant. Depending on the selected interpolation algorithm the process takes from less than a second to several minutes. The main interpolant discussed in this article is a Radial Basis Function with cubic spline basis, however other algorithms are also compared. The mesh can be optimized further using active (flexible) control points and optimization algorithms. A range of objective functions are discussed and demon-strated. The difference between re-interpolated and original meshes produces a metric function which is indicative of the mesh quality. It is shown that the method works for flat 2D surfaces, 3D surfaces and volumes.

Determination of a Change Point in the Age at Diagnosis of Breast Cancer Using a Survival Model

Abdollahi, Mahbubeh,Hajizadeh, Ebrahim,Baghestani, Ahmad Reza,Haghighat, Shahpar Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2016 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.17 No.no.sup3

Breast cancer, the second cause of cancer-related death after lung cancer and the most common cancer in women after skin cancer, is curable if detected in early stages of clinical presentation. Knowledge as to any age cut-off points which might have significance for prognostic groups is important in screening and treatment planning. Therefore, determining a change-point could improve resource allocation. This study aimed to determine if a change point for survival might exist in the age of breast cancer diagnosis. This study included 568 cases of breast cancer that were registered in Breast Cancer Research Center, Tehran, Iran, during the period 1986-2006 and were followed up to 2012. In the presence of curable cases of breast cancer, a change point in the age of breast cancer diagnosis was estimated using a mixture survival cure model. The data were analyzed using SPSS (versions 20) and R (version 2.15.0) software. The results revealed that a change point in the age of breast cancer diagnosis was at 50 years age. Based on our estimation, 35% of the patients diagnosed with breast cancer at age less than or equal to 50 years of age were cured while the figure was 57% for those diagnosed after 50 years of age. Those in the older age group had better survival compared to their younger counterparts during 12 years of follow up. Our results suggest that it is better to estimate change points in age for cancers which are curable in early stages using survival cure models, and that the cure rate would increase with timely screening for breast cancer.

Evaluation of Factors Impacting Cosmetic Outcome of Breast Conservative Surgery - a Study in Iran

Olfatbakhsh, Asiie,Mehrdad, Neda,Ebrahimi, Mandana,Alavi, Nasrin,Hashemi, Esmat,Kaviani, Ahmad,Najafi, Masoume,Haghighat, Shahpar,Arefanian, Saeed Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2015 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.16 No.6

Background: Breast conservative surgery (BCS) followed by radiotherapy is the standard approach in management of stage I-II breast cancer. Several factors can affect cosmetic outcomes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cosmetic results of BCS and influencing factors in the Iranian Breast Cancer Research Center. Materials and Methods: Patients who had undergone BCS were included. Photographs were taken of both breasts of the patients in three aspects and were evaluated by three specialists. The cosmetic scores were calculated based on a standard questionnaire. The data were analyzed using univariate and multivariate regression for relationships between cosmetic scores and clinical data. Results: A total number of 103 patients were included in the study. Mean age and BMI of the patients were $46.8{\pm}8.9$ and $28.1{\pm}3.9$, respectively. Breast cup sizes C and D accounted for 74.7% of the study group. The mean cosmetic score obtained from three referees was 5.72+2.06, consisting of 35.9% excellent-good, 35% moderate, and 29.1% unsatisfactory results. Patient BMI, volume of the resected tissue and breast cup size (D) showed significant correlation with the cosmetic score. On multivariate regression analysis, cosmetic score and BMI (p=0.022,) as well as breast cup size (p=0.040), remained significant. Conclusions: Immediate or delayed symmetrization of the breasts is suggested during breast conservative surgery, meanwhile performing oncoplastic techniques to improve the results significantly. Also it is suggested to discuss anticipation of less satisfactory results with patients having higher BMI and large breast cup size.

Microstructural control of a SSZ-13 zeolite film via rapid thermal processing

Kim, Jinseong,Jang, Eunhee,Hong, Sungwon,Kim, Dongjae,Kim, Eunjoo,Ricther, Hannes,Simon, Adrian,Choi, Nakwon,Korelskiy, Danil,Fouladvand, Shahpar,Nam, Jaewook,Choi, Jungkyu Elsevier 2019 Journal of membrane science Vol.591 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A SSZ-13 zeolite (CHA type zeolite having a pore size of 0.37 × 0.42 nm<SUP>2</SUP>) can separate CO<SUB>2</SUB> (0.33 nm) from larger molecules (N<SUB>2</SUB> (0.364 nm) or CH<SUB>4</SUB> (0.38 nm)) because of the molecular size differences. However, methods to control the non-zeolitic defects of SSZ-13 membranes are lacking. Here, we demonstrate that rapid thermal processing (RTP) of as-synthesized SSZ-13 films tunes their microstructural defect properties and increases their CO<SUB>2</SUB> separation ability. The maximum CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> separation factor (SF) at 30 °C increased from ~2.9 to ~4.8 due to RTP because the defective region was reduced. Furthermore, the addition of water vapor (the third main component of coal-fired power plant flue gas) to the feed markedly improved the CO<SUB>2</SUB>/N<SUB>2</SUB> SF of the RTP-treated SSZ-13 membrane; from ~4.3 at 50 °C (a representative flue gas stream temperature) under dry conditions to ~10.1 under wet conditions (vs. ~1.6 across the conventionally calcined counterpart). Furthermore, the less-defective RTP-treated SSZ-13 membranes achieved a CO<SUB>2</SUB>/CH<SUB>4</SUB> SF as high as ~43.7 under wet conditions at 50 °C. Fluorescence confocal optical microscopy analyses complemented with the permeation modeling revealed that the reduced defect size after RTP (~2.2 nm against ~3.9 nm for the conventionally calcined counterpart) improved the CO<SUB>2</SUB> permselectivity, even though the defect porosities were low (~0.1%).</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Rapid thermal processing (RTP) of SSZ-13 films improved the CO<SUB>2</SUB> permselectivities. </LI> <LI> The improved separation performance was attributed to the reduced defect size. </LI> <LI> Despite the comparable degree of defects, their size determined the performance. </LI> <LI> Such improvement was pronounced with respect to water vapor-containing feeds. </LI> <LI> Robust CO<SUB>2</SUB> permselectivities were achieved using the RTP-treated SSZ-13 membranes. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>