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      저자 : Schekochihin, A A (검색결과 3 건)
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      • Collisionality scaling of the electron heat flux in ETG turbulence

        Colyer, G J,Schekochihin, A A,Parra, F I,Roach, C M,Barnes, M A,Ghim, Y-c,Dorland, W IOP 2017 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.59 No.5

        <P>In electrostatic simulations of MAST plasma at electron-gyroradius scales, using the local flux-tube gyrokinetic code GS2 with adiabatic ions, we find that the long-time saturated electron heat flux (the level most relevant to energy transport) decreases as the electron collisionality decreases. At early simulation times, the heat flux ‘quasi-saturates’ without any strong dependence on collisionality, and with the turbulence dominated by streamer-like radially elongated structures. However, the zonal fluctuation component continues to grow slowly until much later times, eventually leading to a new saturated state dominated by zonal modes and with the heat flux proportional to the collision rate, in approximate agreement with the experimentally observed collisionality scaling of the energy confinement in MAST. We outline an explanation of this effect based on a model of ETG turbulence dominated by zonal–nonzonal interactions and on an analytically derived scaling of the zonal-mode damping rate with the electron–ion collisionality. Improved energy confinement with decreasing collisionality is favourable towards the performance of future, hotter devices.</P>

      • Symmetry breaking in MAST plasma turbulence due to toroidal flow shear

        Fox, M F J,Wyk, F van,Field, A R,Ghim, Y-c,Parra, F I,Schekochihin, A A IOP 2017 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.59 No.3

        <P>The flow shear associated with the differential toroidal rotation of tokamak plasmas breaks an underlying symmetry of the turbulent fluctuations imposed by the up–down symmetry of the magnetic equilibrium. Using experimental beam-emission-spectroscopy measurements and gyrokinetic simulations, this symmetry breaking in ion-scale turbulence in MAST is shown to manifest itself as a tilt of the spatial correlation function and a finite skew in the distribution of the fluctuating density field. The tilt is a statistical expression of the ‘shearing’ of the turbulent structures by the mean flow. The skewness of the distribution is related to the emergence of long-lived density structures in sheared, near-marginal plasma turbulence. The extent to which these effects are pronounced is argued (with the aid of the simulations) to depend on the distance from the nonlinear stability threshold. Away from the threshold, the symmetry is effectively restored.</P>

      • Experimental determination of the correlation properties of plasma turbulence using 2D BES systems

        Fox, M F J,Field, A R,Wyk, F van,Ghim, Y-c,Schekochihin, A A IOP 2017 Plasma physics and controlled fusion Vol.59 No.4

        <P>A procedure is presented to map from the spatial correlation parameters of a turbulent density field (the radial and binormal correlation lengths and wavenumbers, and the fluctuation amplitude) to correlation parameters that would be measured by a beam emission spectroscopy (BES) diagnostic. The inverse mapping is also derived, which results in resolution criteria for recovering correct correlation parameters, depending on the spatial response of the instrument quantified in terms of point-spread functions (PSFs). Thus, a procedure is presented that allows for a systematic comparison between theoretical predictions and experimental observations. This procedure is illustrated using the Mega-Ampere Spherical Tokamak BES system and the validity of the underlying assumptions is tested on fluctuating density fields generated by direct numerical simulations using the gyrokinetic code GS2. The measurement of the correlation time, by means of the cross-correlation time-delay method, is also investigated and is shown to be sensitive to the fluctuating radial component of velocity, as well as to small variations in the spatial properties of the PSFs.</P>

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