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        Tunable HMF hydrogenation to furan diols in a flow reactor using Ru/C as catalyst

        Sara Fulignati,Claudia Antonetti,Erwin Wilbers,Domenico Licursi,Hero Jan Heeres,Anna Maria Raspolli Galletti 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.100 No.-

        5-hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF), accessible from various feedstocks, represents an important renewableplatform-chemical, precursor for valuable biofuels and bio-based chemicals. In this work, the continuoushydrogenation of an aqueous solution of HMF to give strategic monomers, 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)furan(BHMF) and 2,5-bis(hydroxymethyl)tetrahydrofuran (BHMTHF) was investigated in a continuous flowreactor adopting a commercial Ru/C (5 wt%) as catalyst. The influence of the main process variables onproducts yield and selectivity was studied and optimized. The highest BHMF and BHMTHF yields of 87.9and 93.7 mol%, respectively, were achieved by tuning the catalyst contact time, keeping all other variablesconstant (temperature, pressure, hydrogen flow rate, initial HMF concentration). Intraparticle diffusionlimitation for hydrogen and HMF was shown to occur at some of the tested conditions by performing theHMF hydrogenation with different catalyst particle sizes, confirmed by calculations. Constant catalystactivity was observed up to 6 h time-on-stream and then gradually reduced. Fresh and spent catalystcharacterization showed no significant sintering and negligible leaching of ruthenium during time-onstream. A decrease of the specific surface area was observed, mainly due to humin deposition which islikely the reason for catalyst deactivation. Catalyst performance could be restored to initial values by athorough washing of the catalyst.

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