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        A dual-site modulated FRET-based two-photon ratiometric fluorescent probe for tracking lysosomal pH changes in living cells, tissues and zebrafish

        Zhao, Xiongjie,Wang, Chao,Yuan, Gangqiang,Ding, Haiyuan,Zhou, Liyi,Liu, Xiaogang,Lin, Qinlu Elsevier 2019 Sensors and actuators. B Chemical Vol.290 No.-

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Lysosomal pH plays an essential role in mediating various biological processes such as immunization, cell metabolism and enzyme activity. Herein, by utilizing the fluorescence resonance energy transfer (FRET) strategy, a two-photon (TP) ratiometric fluorescent probe (NpLys-pH) has been developed for tracking of lysosomal pH changes in living cells, tissues, and zebrafish. NpLys-pH was constructed by conjugating a pH turn-on TP fluorophore <B>1</B> (D-π-A-structured naphthalene derivative) with a pH turn-off naphthalimide fluorophore <B>2</B> <I>via</I> a non-conjugated linker. Meanwhile, NpLys-pH has two potential pH response sites that modulate the fluorescence signal by ICT and PET, respectively. The FRET process exists between the TP fluorophore <B>1</B> and naphthalimide fluorophore <B>2</B>. In addition, NpLys-pH respond to pH rapidly and reversibly with high selectivity and sensitivity and has been applied for tracking lysosomal pH changes in living cells, tissues and zebrafish. We expect that the new probe present here can prompt the development of a wide variety of TP ratiometric fluorescent probes which can find application in detecting other important analytes in biological systems.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> A FRET-based TP ratiometric probe for tracking of lysosome pH changes. </LI> <LI> It has a pH turn-on donor and a pH turn-off acceptor. </LI> <LI> NpLys-pH possesses two well-resolved emission peaks separated by 115 nm. </LI> <LI> It successfully tracked lysosome pH changes in live cells, tissues, and zebrafish. </LI> </UL> </P>

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        Effects of pigment and citrinin biosynthesis on the metabolism and morphology of Monascus purpureus in submerged fermentation

        Xueying Chai,Zhilu Ai,Jun Liu,Ting Guo,Jingyan Wu,Jie Bai,Qinlu Lin 한국식품과학회 2020 Food Science and Biotechnology Vol.29 No.7

        The effects of the secondary metabolite biosynthesison the metabolism and morphology of the Monascuspurpureus were investigated in this study. Hypha andseptum length became longer after deletion of genes pigRand pksCT in M. purpureus LQ-6 by Agrobacteriumtumefaciens-mediated transformation technology, highlybranched hyphae, much smaller and freely dispersedmycelial pellets were observed in M. purpureus. Comparedwith that in the wild-type, the level of intracellular NADHand NADPH was almost constant in M. purpureus DpigRat 4 days, but the NADH and NADPH levels decreased by1.58-fold and 3.71-fold in M. purpureus DpksCT. Thepresent study can not only provide a kind of strategy toimprove the Monascus pigments production, but also providetheoretical support for the further study of relationshipbetween the secondary metabolites, metabolism and morphologicalchange.

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