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DESIGN ANALYSIS AND COMPARISON BETWEEN STANDARD AND ROTARY PORTING SYSTEMS FOR IC ENGINE
R. PALMISANO,H. D. NG 한국자동차공학회 2012 International journal of automotive technology Vol.13 No.2
Many porting systems for internal combustion engines have been tried and tested over the years, however the basic spring actuated poppet valve system has prevailed over the last century. In the goal to lower engine output parasitic losses, a simple rotary valve porting system design is proposed and analyzed. The proposed design concept takes into consideration and combines all the prominent advantages of many ealier mutlitiple design variations over the past century. The inherent primary advantage of such a rotary porting system is the elimination of reciprocating components, thus lowering vibration, and removal of highly stiff springs which contribute to considerable system power loss. Comparable sized 3-D representations of both systems are constructed in CAD (Computer Aided Design) software in order to run mechanical and fluid simulations to validate the efficiency advantage of a rotary valve porting system. Using Pro/Engineer Mechanism Dynamics module, the minimum torque required to actuate both systems at 2000 rpm and 3000 rpm is determined. Fluid simulations are performed using a commercial software CFDesign V10. Volumetric flow rates are compared during the intake stroke as well as turbulence intensity factors which characterizes a systems ability to properly mix the Air/Fuel mixture and the combustion efficiency. Some possible improvement on the rotary geometry is suggested.
Augugliaro, Vincenzo,Loddo, Vittorio,Lopez-Munoz, Maria Jose,Marquez-Alvarez, Carlos,Palmisano, Giovanni,Palmisano, Leonardo,Yurdakal, Sedat Korean Society of Photoscience 2009 Photochemical & photobiological sciences Vol.8 No.5
$TiO_2$ catalysts of anatase, rutile and brookite phase were prepared at low temperature and tested for carrying out the photocatalytic partial oxidation of 4-methoxybenzyl alcohol to 4-methoxybenzaldehyde (p-anisaldehyde) in organic-free water suspensions. Traces of 4-methoxybenzoic acid and open-ring products were the only by-products present, $CO_2$ being the other main oxidation product. Rutile exhibited the highest yield to p-anisaldehyde (62% mol) at a rate of the same order of magnitude of that showed by the other samples. Commercial rutile and anatase photocatalysts were also used for the sake of comparison. The samples have been characterised by an in situ ATR-FTIR investigation carried out in conditions simulating the photoreaction ones.
Jason D. Geder,John Palmisano,Ravi Ramamurti,William C. Sandberg,Banahalli Ratna 제어로봇시스템학회 2008 제어로봇시스템학회 국제학술대회 논문집 Vol.2008 No.10
This paper describes the modeling, simulation, and control of a UUV in six degree-of-freedom (6-DOF) motion using two NRL actively controlled-curvature fins. Computational fluid dynamic (CFD) analysis and experimental results are used in modeling the fin as part of the 6-DOF vehicle model. A fuzzy logic proportional-integral-derivative (PID) based control system has been developed to smoothly transition between preprogrammed sets of fin kinematics in order to create a stable and highly maneuverable UUV. Two different approaches to a fuzzy logic PID controller are analyzed: weighted gait combination (WGC), and modification of mean bulk angle bias (MBAB). Advantages and disadvantages of both methods at the vehicle level are discussed. Simulation results show desirable system performance over a wide range of maneuvers
A facile way to synthesize noble metal free TiO2 based catalysts for glycerol photoreforming
Claudio M. Pecoraro,Marianna Bellardita,Vittorio Loddo,Francesco Di Franco,Leonardo Palmisano,Monica Santamaria 한국공업화학회 2023 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.118 No.-
In this work anaerobic heterogeneous photocatalytic solar/UV light reforming of glycerol in aqueousmedia was performed with Pt-photodeposition and noble metal free modified TiO2 photocatalysts preparedthrough ball milling, a very simple and cheap coupled catalyst preparation method. Differentamounts of Cu2O or 3% CuO were loaded on TiO2 using ball milling and during each run glycerol conversion,hydrogen and CO2 formed in the gas phase and 1,3-dihydroxyacetone (DHA) and glyceraldehyde(GA) in the liquid phase were determined. The results were compared with the aim to verify the effectivenessof Cu2O in replacing Pt. Using noble metal free photocatalysts, 33% glycerol conversion, 10.3%and 5.4% selectivity towards DHA and GA, respectively, a CO2 concentration of 0.16 mM, and a H2 concentrationof 1.01 mM corresponding to 0.17 mmol h1 g1 were obtained. Ex situ photoelectrochemicalcharacterization confirmed the formation of a heterostructure between TiO2 and copper oxide and theeffectiveness of Cu2O towards H2 formation.