MAGNETIC BEHAVIOR OF NANOGRANULAR SILICIDE PHASE (FORMED DUE TO SWIFT HEAVY Fe7+ ION IRRADIATION-INDUCED INTERMIXING)

P. C. SRIVASTAVA,J. K. TRIPATHI 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2007 NANO Vol.2 No.2

Fe films (of ~50 nm) on p-silicon substrates have been deposited by electron beam evaporation technique to realize Fe/pSi devices. The devices have been irradiated from 100 MeV swift heavy ions of Fe7+ with a fluence of 1014 ions-cm-2. The morphological and structural characterization have been done from SEM, AFM and XRD facilities. Magnetic behavior has been studied from vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM) and SQUID facilities. SEM and AFM studies show the formation of a nanogranular structure. Further, XRD data has shown the formation of intermixed magnetic nanogranular silicide phase (Fe5Si3) having average grain size of 25 nm. M–H and ZFC (zero field-cooled)/FC (field-cooled) studies show the magnetic behavior of interacting magnetic particles. The observed results have been understood as a typical behavior of interacting magnetic nanograins.

Effect of Administration of Garlic Extract and PGF₂α on Hormonal Changes and Recovery in Endometritis Cows

Sarkar, P.,Kumar, H.,Rawat, M.,Varshney, V.P.,Goswami, T.K.,Yadav, M.C.,Srivastava, S.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2006 Animal Bioscience Vol.19 No.7

The efficacy of garlic extract and $PGF_2{\alpha}$ in the treatment of endometritis in cows was evaluated. A total of 26 parous cows affected with endometritis were randomly allocated into three groups. Group I (n = 10) animals were infused (IU) with 10 ml garlic extract mixed with 90 ml normal saline, three times at 12 h interval starting from the day of estrum, whereas the animals of Group II (n = 10) were treated with a single injection of $PGF_2{\alpha}$ (25 mg Lutalyse) on the $10^{th}$ to $12^{th}$ day after estrus, and group III (n = 6) remained as control. Cervico-vaginal mucus (CVM) was collected from each animal at pre- and post-treatment estrus and subjected to white side test, pH determination and total bacterial load. The clinical recovery of cows was assessed by negative white side test reaction, pH value and total bacterial count of CVM at subsequent estrus. The recovered animals were inseminated with frozen-thawed semen twice at 12 h intervals and pregnancy was confirmed at 45-60 days following insemination. A significant decline (p<0.05) in pH of CVM was observed in both the treatment groups at subsequent estrus. After treatment there was a significant (p<0.05) reduction in bacterial load, whereas, it was increased in control group. A total number of 65 isolates were identified in CVM samples comprising mostly of facultative anaerobic bacteria. Plasma $T_4$ and $T_3$ concentrations were increased in all the treated animals, whereas, a decline was observed in cortisol levels following treatment. The overall conception rate was 50% in treated groups as compared to nil pregnancy in the control.

Crystallite size induced crossover from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism in zinc ferrite nanoparticles

Singh, J.P.,Gautam, S.,Srivastava, R.C.,Asokan, K.,Kanjilal, D.,Chae, K.H. Academic Press 2015 Superlattices and microstructures Vol.86 No.-

Present work investigates the crossover from paramagnetism to superparamagnetism as a function of crystallite size in zinc ferrite nanoparticles using near edge X-ray absorption spectroscopy. Synthesized paramagnetic and superparamagnetic nanoparticles exhibit presence of Fe<SUP>2+</SUP> and Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions with dominant concentration of Fe<SUP>3+</SUP> ions. Fe L- and O K-edges spectra of paramagnetic nanoparticles consist of more intense spectral features compared to that of superparamagnetic nanoparticles. This reflects enhanced t<SUB>2g</SUB> and e<SUB>g</SUB> symmetry states of Fe-O hybridized states in paramagnetic nanoparticles induced by increased degree of crystallization.

Studies on the High Temperature induced Stress on the Biochemical Profile and Fecundity of Daba and Laria Ecoraces of Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

( G. Lokesh ),( P. K. Kar ),( A. K. Srivastava ),( Saloni Swaroopa ),( M. K. Sinha ) 한국잠사학회 2012 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.24 No.2

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury experiences extreme temperature stress conditions during its life cycle particularly during diapauses and first crop. The present study witnessed the impact of high temperature on some biochemical profiles and egg production (fecundity) of semi-domesticated Daba and Shorea robusta (Sal) based wild ecorave Laria during seed cocoon (pupa) preservation. Cocoons of Daba and Laria were treated with high temperature at 40℃ for 10 days in a Bod incubator. The protein profile and carbohydrate content in the hemolymph and fat body and total haemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph of pupa were investigated. Further, the fecundity and fertility of egg was assessed. Significant increase in the protein concentration was observed in the hemolymph with reduction in the fat body (p<0.05). The difference in protein concentration was highly significant between the semi-domesticated Daba and wild ecorace Laria (p<0.05). High pupal mortality(20%) and reduced fecundity(10-15%) in Daba was noticed compared to wild Laria. Also an increased THC(>2800) was recorded in Laria. The study infers the potentials of wild ecoraces in sustaining the extreme temperature conditions and need of adopting suitable package of practices for the preservation of diapause seed cocoons during extreme summer conditions. There is possibility to introgression thermal stress resistant traits in the semi-domesticated races of tasar.

Studies on the High Temperature Induced Stress on the Biochemical Profile and Fecundity of Daba and Laria Ecoraces of Tropical Tasar Silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae)

Lokesh, G.,Kar, P.K.,Srivastava, A.K.,Swaroopa, Saloni,Sinha, M.K. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2012 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.24 No.2

Tropical tasar silkworm Antheraea mylitta Drury experiences extreme temperature stress conditions during its life cycle particularly during diapauses and first crop. The present study witnessed the impact of high temperature on some biochemical profiles and egg production (fecundity) of semi-domesticated Daba and Shorea robusta (Sal) based wild ecorace Laria during seed cocoon (pupa) preservation. Cocoons of Daba and Laria were treated with high temperature at $40^{\circ}C$ for 10 days in a BOD incubator. The protein profile and carbohydrate content in the hemolymph and fat body and total haemocyte count (THC) in the hemolymph of pupa were investigated. Further, the fecundity and fertility of egg was assessed. Significant increase in the protein concentration was observed in the hemolymph with reduction in the fat body (p<0.05). The difference in protein concentration was highly significant between the semidomesticated Daba and wild ecorace Laria (p<0.05). High pupal mortality (20%) and reduced fecundity (10-15%) in Daba was noticed compared to wild Laria. Also an increased THC (>28000) was recorded in Laria. The study infers the potentials of wild ecoraces in sustaining the extreme temperature conditions and need of adopting suitable package of practices for the preservation of diapause seed cocoons during extreme summer conditions. There is possibility to introgression thermal stress resistant traits in the semi-domesticated races of tasar silkworm by resorting to conventional breeding plans with wild races and keeping the thermal stress induced response as markers.

Optimal Poultry Litter Management through GIS-based Transportation Analysis System

( M. S. Kang ),( P. Srivastava ),( J. P. Fulton ),( T. Tyson ),( W. F. Owsley ),( K. H. Yoo ) 한국농공학회 2006 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.48 No.7

Concentrated poultry production in the State of Alabama, U.S.A. results in excessive poultry litter. Application of poultry litter to pastures and row crops serves as a cheap alternative to commercial fertilizer. However, over the years, poultry litter application to perennial forage crops in the Appalachian Plateau region of North Alabama has resulted in phosphorus (P) buildup in soils. Phosphorus index (P-index) and comprehensive nutrient management plans (CNMP) are often used as a best management practice (BMP) for proper land application of litter. Because nutrient management planning is often not done for small animal feeding operations (AFOs), and also because, in case of excess litter, litter transportation infrastructure has not been developed, over application of poultry litter to near by area is a common practice. To alleviate this problem, optimal poultry litter management and transportation infrastructure needs to be developed. This paper presents a methodology to optimize poultry litter application and transportation through efficient nutrient management planning and transportation network analysis. The goal was accomplished through implementation of three important modules, a P-Index module, a CNMP module, and a transportation network analysis module within ArcGIS, a Geographic Information System (GIS). The CNMP and P-Index modules assist with land application of poultry litter at a rate that is protective of water quality, while the transportation network analysis module helps transport excess litter to areas requiring litter in the Appalachian Plateau and Black Belt (a nutrient-deficient area) regions. Once fully developed and implemented, such a system will help alleviate water quality problems in the Appalachian Plateau region and poor soil fertility problems in the Black Belt region by optimizing land application and transportation. The utility of the methodology is illustrated through a hypothetical case study.

Optimal Poultry Litter Management through GIS-based Transportation Analysis System

Kang, M.S.,Srivastava, P.,Fulton, J.P.,Tyson, T.,Owsley, W.F.,Yoo, K.H. The Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers 2006 한국농공학회논문집 Vol.48 No.7

Concentrated poultry production in the State of Alabama, U.S.A. results in excessive poultry litter. Application of poultry litter to pastures and row crops serves as a cheap alternative to commercial fertilizer. However, over the years, poultry litter application to perennial forage crops in the Appalachian Plateau region of North Alabama has resulted in phosphorus (P) buildup in soils. Phosphorus index (P-index) and comprehensive nutrient management plans (CNMP) are often used as a best management practice (BMP) for proper land application of litter. Because nutrient management planning is often not done for small animal feeding operations (AFOs), and also because, in case of excess litter, litter transportation infrastructure has not been developed, over application of poultry litter to near by area is a common practice. To alleviate this problem, optimal poultry litter management and transportation infrastructure needs to be developed. This paper presents a methodology to optimize poultry litter application and transportation through efficient nutrient management planning and transportation network analysis. The goal was accomplished through implementation of three important modules, a P-Index module, a CNMP module, and a transportation network analysis module within ArcGIS, a Geographic Information System (GIS). The CNMP and P-Index modules assist with land application of poultry litter at a rate that is protective of water quality, while the transportation network analysis module helps transport excess litter to areas requiring litter in the Appalachian Plateau and Black Belt (a nutrient-deficient area) regions. Once fully developed and implemented, such a system will help alleviate water quality problems in the Appalachian Plateau region and poor soil fertility problems in the Black Belt region by optimizing land application and transportation. The utility of the methodology is illustrated through a hypothetical case study.

Responses of Labeo rohita to Dietary Lathyrus sativus Seeds

Barse, A.V.,Jadhao, S.B.,Sahu, N.P.,Srivastava, P.P.,Jain, K.K.,Pal, A.K. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2004 Animal Bioscience Vol.17 No.1

Lathyrus sativus, locally known as Khesari, is a leguminous pulse crop grown in many parts of the world for food (used by poor people) and animal feed/fodder. Its seeds are rich in protein and energy but contains anti-nutritional factors prominent among which is ${\beta}$-N-Oxalylamino-L-Alanine (BOAA), a neurotoxin causing lathyrism in humans due to prolong consumption. Keeping in view the chemical characteristics of this toxin and literary facts on L. sativus feeding in terrestrial animals, it was hypothesized that aquatic species may better utilise this ingredient in mixed extruded diets. Diets were prepared with varying levels (0, 10, 18, 26 and 34%) of L. sativus seeds and fed for 60 days to study growth, body composition and digestibility of nutrients. Final body weight, specific growth rate and feed and protein conversion ratio did not differ (p>0.05) between treatments. Crude protein digestibility was reduced (p<0.01) beyond 26% inclusion level of L. sativus. Final carcass composition with regard to protein, lipid and ash did not differ (p>0.05) among the treatments. Comparable craniosomatic, viscerosomatic, renosomatic and hepatic indices and no mortality implies no apparent adverse effect on the vital organs and fish health. It was concluded that L. sativus can be a promising feed ingredient that can be used up to 34% or possibly higher level in fingerlings diet. To our knowledge, it appears to be the first report of its kind under laboratory conditions.

Studies on Tolerance Level Against Antheraea mylitta Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus (AmCPV) in Different Eco-races of Tropical Tasar Silkworm, Antheraea Mylitta Drury

( G. P. Singh ),( S. B. Zeya ),( A. K. Srivastava ),( N. G. Ojha ),( N. Suryanarayana ) 한국잠사학회 2008 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.17 No.1

Pathogenic infection in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury is common and there is a breed specific response regarding tolerance. Hence, the tolerance level of three eco-races of tasar silkworm viz. Daba, Sarihan and Raily to Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (AmCPV) infection was tested. The survival of Daba, Sarihan and Raily eco-races was significantly different (p<0.05) when challenged with the same concentration (1 x 10(5) polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV. Daba eco-race was more tolerant to the AmCPV infection having higher survival (65.7%) and LC50 values (1000893.17 polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV followed by Sarihan eco-race (50.7% survival and LC50 value of AmCPV 187203.6168 polyhedra/ml) and Raily ecorace (24.3% survival and LC50 value of AmCPV 5176.37 polyhedra/ml). The tolerance level of Daba and Sarihan eco-races against AmCPV was more than two times than Raily eco-race.

Studies on Tolerance Level Against Antheraea mylitta Cytoplasmic Polyhedrosis Virus (AmCPV) in Different Eco-races of Tropical Tasar Silkworm, Antheraea Mylitta Drury

Singh, G.P.,Zeya, S.B.,Srivastava, A.K.,Ojha, N.G.,Suryanarayana, N. Korean Society of Sericultural Science 2008 International Journal of Industrial Entomology Vol.17 No.1

Pathogenic infection in tasar silkworm, Antheraea mylitta Drury is common and there is a breed specific response regarding tolerance. Hence, the tolerance level of three eco-races of tasar silkworm viz. Daba, Sarihan and Raily to Antheraea mylitta cytoplasmic polyhedrosis virus (AmCPV) infection was tested. The survival of Daba, Sarihan and Raily eco-races was significantly different (p<0.05) when challenged with the same concentration ($1{\times}10^5$ polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV. Daba eco-race was more tolerant to the AmCPV infection having higher survival (65.7%) and $LC_{50}$ values (1000893.17 polyhedra/ml) of AmCPV followed by Sarihan eco-race (50.7% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 187203.6168 polyhedra/ml) and Raily eco-race (24.3% survival and $LC_{50}$ value of AmCPV 5176.37 polyhedra/ml). The tolerance level of Daba and Sarihan eco-races against AmCPV was more than two times than Raily eco-race.