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Kim, Jung Kon,Lee, Dong Jun,Ravindran, Balasubramani,Jeong, Kwang-Hwa,Wong, Jonathan Woon-Chung,Selvam, Ammaiyappan,Karthikeyan, Obuli P.,Kwag, Jung-Hoon Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The study investigated the effect of different initial moisture (IM) content (55, 60, 65, and 70%) of composting mixtures (swine manure and sawdust) for the production of nutrient rich manure, and the recovery of ammonia through a condensation process using a vertical cylindrical in-vessel composter for 56days. The composting resulted in a significant reduction in C:N ratio and electrical conductivity (EC), with a slight increase in pH in all products. The NH<SUB>3</SUB> were emitted notably, and at the same time the NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>-N concentration gradually increased with the reduction of NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP>-N in the composting mixtures. The overall results confirmed, the 65% IM showed the maximum nutritional yield, maturity and non-phytotoxic effects (<I>Lycopersicon esculentum</I> L.), with the results of ideal compost product in the following order of IM: 65%>60%>70%>55%. Finally, the recovered condensed ammonia contained considerable ammonium nitrogen concentrations and could be used as fertilizer.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> The integration of two process is a good strategy for swine manure management. </LI> <LI> The final compost from 65% initial moisture content treatment has well matured. </LI> <LI> A considerable amount of ammonium nitrogen recovered through a condensation process. </LI> <LI> Future study is needed on recovered ammonium nitrogen used as a liquid fertilizer. </LI> </UL> </P>
Evaluation of pilot-scale in-vessel composting for Hanwoo manure management
Jeong, Kwang-Hwa,Kim, Jung Kon,Ravindran, Balasubramani,Lee, Dong Jun,Wong, Jonathan Woon-Chung,Selvam, Ammaiyappan,Karthikeyan, Obuli P.,Kwag, Jung-Hoon Elsevier Applied Science 2017 Bioresource technology Vol.245 No.1
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>The study investigated the effect of in-vessel composting process on Hanwoo manure in two different South Korea regions (Pyeongchang and Goechang) with sawdust using vertical cylindrical in-vessel bioreactor for 42days. The stability and quality of Hanwoo manure in both regions were improved and confirmed through the positive changes in physico-chemical and phytotoxic properties using different commercial seed crops. The pH and electrical conductivity (EC, ds/m) of composted manure in both regions were slightly increased. At the same time, carbon:nitrogen (C:N) ratio and ammonium nitrogen:nitrate nitrogen (NH<SUB>4</SUB> <SUP>+</SUP>-N:NO<SUB>3</SUB> <SUP>−</SUP>-N) ratio decreased to 13.4–16.1 and 0.36–0.37, respectively. The germination index (GI, %) index was recorded in the range of 67.6–120.9%, which was greater than 50%, indicating phytotoxin-free compost. Although, composted manure values in Goechang region were better in significant parameters, overall results confirmed that the composting process could lead to complete maturation of the composted product in both regions.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> In-vessel composting process was effective in Hanwoo manure management. </LI> <LI> Both South Korea regions Hanwoo manure yielded matured and phytotoxic-free composts. </LI> <LI> Key process parameters were within the relevant compost standards. </LI> </UL> </P>