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- 저자 : Mizrahi, R. (검색결과 4 건)
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Meir Mizrahi,Ami Ben Ya’acov,Tomer Adar,Miriam Levy Sklair,Svetlana Gaska,Yaron Ilan 한국식품영양과학회 2019 Journal of medicinal food Vol.22 No.12
Metabolic syndrome is recognized as a proinflammatory condition leading to hepatic steatosis and nonalcoholic steatohepatitis (NASH). We tested the effects of a succulent species Hoodia parviflora N.E. Br., of the genus Hoodia sweetex Dence, on animal models of NASH and insulin resistance (ob/ob mouse and the sand rat Psammomys obesus). IL6 secretion was evaluated by ELISA and hepatic signal transducer and activator of transcription 3 by Western blot. We followed liver enzymes, weight, glucose, hepatic histology, hepatic triglycerides (TGs), and total fat and serum insulin. Oral administration of extracts derived from H. parviflora alleviated the insulin resistance manifested by improved glucose tolerance tests. Treatment alleviated the liver injury noted by a decrease in liver enzyme levels, improved intrahepatic TG content, total hepatic fat, and improved hepatic histology. Similarly, treatment with H. parviflora reduced hepatic inflammation in mice with Concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. These effects were independent of food consumption and weight. H. parviflora was associated with alleviated insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis, and liver injury. The data support its use as a liver protector.
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Berry, David,Mader, Esther,Lee, Tae Kwon,Woebken, Dagmar,Wang, Yun,Zhu, Di,Palatinszky, Marton,Schintlmeister, Arno,Schmid, Markus C.,Hanson, Buck T.,Shterzer, Naama,Mizrahi, Itzhak,Rauch, Isabella,De National Academy of Sciences 2015 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.112 No.2
<P><B>Significance</B></P><P>Measuring activity patterns of microbes in their natural environment is essential for understanding ecosystems and the multifaceted interactions of microorganisms with eukaryotes. In this study, we developed a technique that allows fast and nondestructive activity measurements of microbial communities on a single-cell level. Microbial communities were amended with heavy water (D<SUB>2</SUB>O), a treatment that does not change the available substrate pool. After incubation, physiologically active cells are rapidly identified with Raman microspectroscopy by measuring cellular D incorporation. Using this approach, we characterized the activity patterns of two dominant microbes in mouse cecum samples amended with different carbohydrates and discovered previously unidentified bacteria stimulated by mucin and/or glucosamine by combining Raman microspectroscopy and optical tweezer-based sorting.</P><P>Microbial communities are essential to the function of virtually all ecosystems and eukaryotes, including humans. However, it is still a major challenge to identify microbial cells active under natural conditions in complex systems. In this study, we developed a new method to identify and sort active microbes on the single-cell level in complex samples using stable isotope probing with heavy water (D<SUB>2</SUB>O) combined with Raman microspectroscopy. Incorporation of D<SUB>2</SUB>O-derived D into the biomass of autotrophic and heterotrophic bacteria and archaea could be unambiguously detected via C-D signature peaks in single-cell Raman spectra, and the obtained labeling pattern was confirmed by nanoscale-resolution secondary ion MS. In fast-growing <I>Escherichia coli</I> cells, label detection was already possible after 20 min. For functional analyses of microbial communities, the detection of D incorporation from D<SUB>2</SUB>O in individual microbial cells via Raman microspectroscopy can be directly combined with FISH for the identification of active microbes. Applying this approach to mouse cecal microbiota revealed that the host-compound foragers <I>Akkermansia muciniphila</I> and <I>Bacteroides acidifaciens</I> exhibited distinctive response patterns to amendments of mucin and sugars. By Raman-based cell sorting of active (deuterated) cells with optical tweezers and subsequent multiple displacement amplification and DNA sequencing, novel cecal microbes stimulated by mucin and/or glucosamine were identified, demonstrating the potential of the nondestructive D<SUB>2</SUB>O-Raman approach for targeted sorting of microbial cells with defined functional properties for single-cell genomics.</P>
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DELAYED HYDRIDE CRACKING IN ZIRCALOY FUEL CLADDING – AN IAEA COORDINATED RESEARCH PROGRAMME
C. COLEMAN,V. GRIGORIEV,V. INOZEMTSEV,V. MARKELOV,M. ROTH,V. MAKAREVICIUS,Y. S. KIM,KANWAR LIAGAT ALI,J.K. CHAKRAVARTTY,R. MIZRAHI,R. LALGUDI 한국원자력학회 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.2
The rate of delayed hydride cracking (DHC), V, has been measured in cold-worked and stress-relieved Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding using the Pin-Loading Tension technique. At 250 °C the mean value of V from 69 specimens was 3.3(±0.8)x10⁻⁸ m/s while the temperature dependence up to 275 °C was described by Aexp(-Q/RT), where Q is 48.3 kJ/mol. No cracking or cracking at very low rates was observed at higher temperatures. The fracture surface consisted of flat fracture with no striations. The results are compared with previous results on fuel cladding and pressure tubes.
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DELAYED HYDRIDE CRACKING IN ZIRCALOY FUEL CLADDING - AN IAEA COORDINATED RESEARCH PROGRAMME
Coleman, C.,Grigoriev, V.,Inozemtsev, V.,Markelov, V.,Roth, M.,Makarevicius, V.,Kim, Y.S.,Ali, Kanwar Liagat,Chakravartty, J.K.,Mizrahi, R.,Lalgudi, R. Korean Nuclear Society 2009 Nuclear Engineering and Technology Vol.41 No.2
The rate of delayed hydride cracking (DHC), V, has been measured in cold-worked and stress-relieved Zircaloy-4 fuel cladding using the Pin-Loading Tension technique. At $250^{\circ}C$ the mean value of V from 69 specimens was $3.3({\pm}0.8)x10^{-8}$ m/s while the temperature dependence up to $275^{\circ}C$ was described by Aexp(-Q/RT), where Q is 48.3 kJ/mol. No cracking or cracking at very low rates was observed at higher temperatures. The fracture surface consisted of flat fracture with no striations. The results are compared with previous results on fuel cladding and pressure tubes.
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