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Mingcun Wang,Mathew Leitch,Chunbao Charles Xu 한국공업화학회 2009 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.15 No.6
For the synthesis of biomass-based resol resins, cornstalk powders were liquefied in a hot-compressed phenol–water (1:4, wt./wt.) medium at 300–350 8C. It was observed that essentially no phenol was reacted with the cornstalk degradation intermediates during the liquefaction process. The cornstalkderived bio-oils contained oligomers of phenol and substituted phenols, originated primarily from the lignin component of the cornstalk feedstock. Using the cornstalk-derived bio-oils, resol resins were readily synthesized under the catalysis of sodium hydroxide. The biomass-derived resol resins were brown viscous liquids, possessing broad molecular weight distributions. In comparison with those of a conventional phenol resol resin, the properties of the bio-based resins were characterized by GPC, FTIR, DSC and TGA. The as-synthesized bio-oil resol resin exhibited typical properties of a thermosetting phenol–formaldehyde resin, e.g., exothermic curing temperatures at about 150–160℃, and an acceptable residual carbon yield of ca 56% at 700℃ for the cured material.