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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Makiko Yamagami (검색결과 2 건)
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Sayako Ueda,Kazuo Osada,Makiko Yamagami,Fumikazu Ikemori,Kunihiro Hisatsune 한국대기환경학회 2020 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.14 No.2
Expanding the use of a recently introduced low-cost particle monitor (DC1700 Dylos Air Quality Monitor) for sensing atmospheric PM2.5 requires comparison with data obtained using a certified method for PM2.5 based on appropriate atmospheric observations. Full-year measurements of atmospheric aerosols were taken in Nagoya, Japan during March 2017-March 2018 using the DC1700 to measure the particle number concentrations of >0.5 and >2.5 μm diameter particles and to measure the PM2.5 mass concentration (Mdry, PM2.5) using an automated β attenuation mass monitor (PM712). The number-size distribution was measured using an optical particle counter (KC01D). The dried mass concentration of 0.5-2.5 μm particles (Mdry, 0.5-2.5) was estimated from the ambient relative humidity and the DC1700 number concentration. The values of Mdry, 0.5-2.5 were invariably less than those of Mdry, PM2.5. The coefficient of determination and slope of Mdry, 0.5-2.5 to Mdry, PM2.5 for the year were, respectively, 0.68 and 0.40. Slope values changed seasonally from 0.24 in July and August 2017 to 0.55 in May and April 2017. Light absorbing particles, smaller-fine particles, and the estimation method of Mdry, 0.5-2.5 were inferred as causes of the difference between Mdry, 0.5-2.5 and Mdry, PM2.5. Especially, we estimated a large contribution (ca. 54% underestimation of Mdry, 0.5-2.5 into Mdry, PM2.5) of particles smaller than the minimum detection diameter of DC1700. The seasonal variation of Mdry, 0.5-2.5/Mdry, PM2.5 was related to the volume fraction of particles smaller than 0.5 μm. Good correlation of Mdry, 0.5-2.5 to Mdry, PM2.5 suggests that data obtained using DC1700 with a correction factor are useful as a rough proxy of atmospheric PM2.5 within a season. However, precise estimation of PM2.5 from the DC1700 number concentrations should include appropriate corrections of the size distribution, not only hygroscopicity.
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Current Status of Ozone Control Measures in the United States and Europe and Implications for Japan
Hideki Hasunuma,Liliana Martinez Rivera,Hirosato Kobayashi,Kenji Aizu,Kazunori Oshima,Jun Shibutani,Yasuyuki Itano,Satoru Chatani,Shuichi Hasegawa,Makiko Yamagami,Junya Hoshi KOSAE·JSAE·CSES-CSAE 2022 Asian Journal of Atmospheric Environment (AJAE) Vol.16 No.3
In Japan, the achievement rate of environmental standards for air pollution has been improving in recent years, but for photochemical oxidants, including ozone, improvement are required. In this study, we investigated trends in ozone countermeasures in the United States and Europe from the State Implementation Plan (SIP) and National Air Pollution Control Program (NAPCP) and examined whether there are any points recommended in Japan. The United States and Europe have different policies on environmental standards for air pollution and ozone control. In the United States, states that do not meet the environmental standards for ozone concentration are required to develop an SIP to attain the standards. There was an urgent need to find a cost-effective approach to addressing the ozone problem, and forest control measures were one of the possibilities. In Europe, the European Union has set “target values” for ozone and NAPCP does not mention forest control measures or ozone sensitivity regimes. The main focus in Europe is on the win-win solution of reducing emissions of air pollutants at the same time as greenhouse gases. Japan should consider a framework including setting feasible step-by-step goals to attain the desired standards. As ozone is greatly affected by advection, wide-regional measures against ozone precursors and prediction of the future precursor reduction and concentration are required. The preparation of an emissions inventory and estimated reduction amount is prerequisites as basic data for simulation. To achieve this, cooperation between national, local and private research institutes is crucial. Since the international community has agreed to prioritize greenhouse gas countermeasures, Japan could consider a win-win solution for both ozone and greenhouse gas reduction.
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