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Understanding Consciousness as Data Compression
( Phil Maguire ),( Philippe Moser ),( Rebecca Maguire ) 서울대학교 인지과학연구소 2016 Journal of Cognitive Science Vol.17 No.1
In this article we explore the idea that consciousness is a language-complete phenomenon, that is, one which is as difficult to formalise as the foundations of language itself. We posit that the reason consciousness resists scientific description is because the language of science is too weak; its power to render phenomena objective is exhausted by the sophistication of the brain’s architecture. However, this does not mean that there is nothing to say about consciousness. We propose that the phenomenon can be expressed in terms of data compression, a well-defined concept from theoretical computer science which acknowledges and formalises the limits of objective representation. Data compression focuses on the intersection between the uncomputable and the finite. It has a number of fundamental theoretical applications, giving rise, for example, to a universal definition of intelligence (Hutter, 2004), a universal theory of prior probability, as well as a universal theory of inductive inference (Solomonoff, 1964). Here we explore the merits of considering consciousness in such terms, showing how the data compression approach can provide new perspectives on intelligent behaviour, the combination problem, and the hard problem of subjective experience. In particular, we use the tools of algorithmic information theory to prove that integrated experience cannot be achieved by a computable process.
Photoluminescence and photo-redox reactions of poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid)
L.A.P. Kane-Maguire,Kane-Maguire,J. A. Causley,G. G. Wallace 한국물리학회 2004 Current Applied Physics Vol.4 No.2-4
The water-soluble fully sulfonated polyaniline, poly(2-methoxyaniline-5-sulfonic acid) has been found to photoluminesce in itsemeraldine oxidation state, ES(PMAS). Excitation of aqueous solutions at 450530 nm, near its characteristic absorption band at473 nm, led to emission at ca. 600 nm (2.1 eV). Calculations incorporating cyclic voltammetric data for ground state PMAS suggestthat the photo-generated ES.(PMAS) excited state should be both a very powerful oxidising agent and a strong reducing agent (ca.2.7 and 1.1 V of oxidising and reducing power, respectively). This prediction has been conrmed from photolysis studies ofES(PMAS) in the presence of the potentially reducible cobalt(III) cations CoCl(NH3)2þ5 , Co(H2O)(NH3)3þ5 and Co(en)3þ3 . In water,photo-oxidation of the ES(PMAS) to its fully oxidised pernigraniline base PB(PMAS) form was conrmed by UVvisible spec-troscopy. In the case ofK-Co(en)3þ3 as the acceptor, strong support for the concomitant reduction of the Co(III) complex to thecorresponding Co(II) species was obtained from its observed racemisation. Relatively low quantum eciencies (<3%) wereestablished for these novel, photo-initiated redox reactions. These photo-redox reactions were preceded by a photo-initiated con-formational change in the ES(PMAS) polymer from an ‘‘extended coil’’ to a ‘‘compact coil’’ conformation. The presence of addedNaþ and NHþ4 ions had a marked inuence on the nature of the photo-reactions, with Naþ ions retarding the photo-assistedelectron transfer, while NHþ4 ions prevented the initial conformational change in the ES(PMAS).
Jung-Woo Lee,Joseph Maguire 한국체육학회 2009 International journal of human movement science Vol.3 No.1
This paper investigates media discourse of Korean nationalism in the newspapercoverage of the 2004 Athens Olympic Games. Essentially, this paper focuses on issues around the reunification of North and South Korea, namely unitary Korean nationalism in sport. The two Koreas arguably maintained the most amicable relation in the mid 2000s, and the South Korean newspaper coverage of the Games reflected this political circumstance. In this respect, the current paper examines photographic images and accompanied texts of the North Korean Olympic team published in South Korean newspapers. The research shows that the newspapers mostly featured the communist Korean teampositively, and few negative portrayals of it were found. Hence, the mood of reconciliation between North and South Korea, which isthe central element of unitary Korean nationalism, can clearly be seen the newspaper representation of the North Korean athletes. Therefore, it concludes that a mediated sport plays a significant role in forging a communal identity of the entire Korean people when the two Koreas were in a good mood.
Chindhuri Selvadurai,Sara Maguire Schaefer 대한파킨슨병및이상운동질환학회 2020 Journal Of Movement Disorders Vol.13 No.3
Palatal myoclonus generally entails a visible elevation of the palate and uvula and may be accompanied by myoclonus of other oropharyngeal muscles. A 55-year-old man presented with left ear clicking and hyperacusis. Examination showed arrhythmic left lateral soft palate contraction in the tensor veli palatini region without elevation of the uvula, which correlated with an audible click by auscultation with a stethoscope over the left ear. This is a rare case of focal, unilateral palatal myoclonus without visual uvula elevation with concurrent auscultation, demonstrating the importance of careful examination to detect focal myoclonic contractions.