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Causal Fungus of Side Rot on ‘Zesy002’ Kiwifruit in Jeju Island, South Korea
Magda Ledesma,Yong Ho Shin,Sonia Whiteman,Joy Tyson,Gyoung Hee Kim,Jeum Kyu Hong,Birgit Zange,Yong Chull Jeun 한국식물병리학회 2021 식물병연구 Vol.27 No.1
Since the past few years, dimple rot has become one of the most serious diseases affecting Actinidia chinensis var. chinensis ‘Zesy002’ kiwifruit in Korea, leading to a low quality and subsequent losses of income. In the current study, the causal pathogen of side rot on ‘Zesy002’ kiwifruit was identified to be Botryosphaeria dothi- dea, a widespread pathogen that could penetrate the fruit directly without wounding. Diaporthe sp., another pathogen causing dimple rot, was isolated from infected kiwifruit. It was not able to infect fruits without wounding. Dimple-rot symptoms are known to be associated with other pathogens from the Pseudocerco- spora genus. In this study, B. dothidea was ratified as the causal disease agent in Jeju Island. To illustrate the pathogenicity of this fungus on ‘Zesy002’, further studies such as observation of infection structures of fun- gus may be needed.
Suppression of Ripe Rot on ‘Zesy002’ Kiwifruit with Commercial Agrochemicals
Yong Ho Shin,Magda Ledesma,Sonia Whitman,Joy Tyson,Birgit Zange,Ki Deok Kim,Yong Chull Jeun 한국식물병리학회 2021 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.37 No.4
Ripe rot caused by Botryosphaeria dothidea is one of the serious diseases of postharvest kiwifruit. In or- der to control ripe rot on Actinidia chinensis cultivar ‘Zesy002’, several commercial agrofungicides were selected by an antifungal test on an artificial medium. Furthermore, disease suppression by the selected fungi- cides was evaluated on the kiwifruit by inoculation with a conidial suspension of B. dothidea. On the artificial media containing boscalid + fludioxonil was shown to be the most effective antifungal activity. However, in the bio-test pyraclostrobin + boscalid and iminoctadine- tris were the most effective agrochemicals on the fruit. On the other hand, the infection structures of B. dothi- dea on kiwifruit treated with pyraclostrobin + boscalid were observed with a fluorescent microscope. Most of the fungal conidia had not germinated on the kiwifruit treated with the agrochemicals whereas on the untreated fruit the fungal conidia had mostly germinated. Electron microscopy of the fine structures showed morphological changes to the conidia and branch of hyphae on the kiwifruit pre-treated with pyraclostrobin + boscalid, indicating its suppression effect on fungal growth. Based on this observation, it is suggested that ripe rot by B. dothidea may be suppressed through the inhibition of conidial germination on the kiwifruit treated with the agrochemicals.