The generalized Fermat type difference equations

Kai Liu,Lei Ma,Xiaoyang Zhai 대한수학회 2018 대한수학회보 Vol.55 No.6

This paper is to consider the generalized Fermat difference equations with different types which ever considered by Li \cite{li}, Ishizaki and Korhonen \cite{IK}, Zhang \cite{zhangjie} and Liu \cite{liuk4,11,1177,liu}, respectively. Some new observations and results on these equations will be given.

Sesquiterpenoids with Various Carbocyclic Skeletons from the Flowers of <i>Chrysanthemum indicum</i>

Liu, Lei-Lei,Ha, Thi Kim Quy,Ha, Wei,Oh, Won Keun,Yang, Jun-Li,Shi, Yan-Ping American Society of Pharmacognosy 2017 Journal of natural products Vol.80 No.2

<P>A phytochemical investigation of the flowers of Chrysanthemum indicum yielded sesquiterpenoids 1-25 with various carbocyclic skeletons, including 10 new (1-10) and 15 known (11-25) analogues. The structures were elucidated via their physical data, while the absolute configuration of compounds 6, 8, and 10 was assessed via electronic circular dichroism analysis. The evaluation of the effect of sesquiterpenoids on porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) replication showed that compounds 1-5, 12, 14, 16, 17, 19, and 21 increased cell viability against cell death in PEDV-injected cells. Compounds 2, 12, and 17 were selected and investigated for their inhibition of proteins required for PEDV replication. Compounds 2 and 17 significantly reduced PEDV nucleocapsid and spike protein synthesis compared with azauridin as a positive control.</P>

MiR-886-5p Inhibition Inhibits Growth and Induces Apoptosis of MCF7 Cells

Zhang, Lei-Lei,Wu, Jiang,Liu, Qiang,Zhang, Yan,Sun, Zhu-Lei,Jing, Hong Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2014 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.15 No.4

Background and Aims: To explore the molecular mechanisms of miR-886-5p in breast cancer., we examined roles in inhibiting growth and migration of MCF-7 cells. Methods: MiR-886-5p mimics and inhibitors were used to express or inhibit MiR-886-5p, respectively, and MTT and clone formation assays were used to determine the survival and proliferation. Hoechst 33342/ PI double staining was applied to detect apoptosis. The expression of caspase-3, caspase-8, caspase-9, MT1-MMP, VEGF-C and VEGF-D was detected by Western blotting, and the levels of MMP2 and MMP9 secreted from MCF-7 cells were assessed by ELISA. MCF-7 cell migration was determined by wound healing and Transwell assays. Results: We found that the growth of MCF-7 cells was inhibited upon decreasing miR-886-5p levels. Inhibiting miR-866-5p also significantly induced apoptosis and decreased the migratory capacity of these cells. The expression of VEGF-C, VEGF-D, MT1-MMP, MMP2, and MMP9 was also found to be decreased as compared to controls. Conclusions: Our data show that downregulation of miR-886-5p expression in MCF-7 cells could significantly inhibit cell growth and migration. This might imply that inhibiting miR-886-5p could be a therapeutic strategy in breast cancer.

吴昌硕篆书创作小考

刘磊磊(Lei-Lei Liu),袁暁鹏(Xiao-Peng Yuan) 한국서예학회 2023 서예학연구 Vol.42 No.-

오창석(吴昌硕)의 전서는 필법, 구성, 장법, 묵법, 필법 등의 기법이 선인과 판이하게 다른데, 전서의 새로운 모습을 만들어내는 데 성공하여 큰 성과를 거둔 배경에는 여러 가지 이유가 있을 것이다. 우선 비파(碑派)서법의 서학사상을 흡수하여 금석(金石)을 취하고 고풍스럽고 웅장한 예술양식을 추앙하였다. 둘째, 등석여(邓石如), 양기손(杨沂孙) 등의 명가를 충분히 학습하는 기초 위에서 ≪석고문(石鼓文)≫을 주요 법으로 삼는 동시에 다양한 서체를 참고하여 여러 예술을 융합하고 자신의 예술 실천을 지속적으로 풍부하게 한다. 특히, 개인 특색 있는 필기구를 사용하여 개인 스타일을 지속적으로 강화합니다. 수십 년의 노력을 통해 마침내 ‘이리(二李)’ 전서 외에 다른 필법을 개척하고 전서 예술의 또 다른 정점을 창조하여 후대의 서예 예술 발전에 심대한 영향을 미쳤습니다. Wu Changshuo's seal book is very different from its predecessors in the use of pen, structure, sealing, ink, writing rhythm and other techniques, successfully shaping the new face of seal writing, and achieving great achievements, the reasons behind it should be many, first of all, he absorbed the calligraphy ideas of the stele calligraphy, took the golden stone, and advocated the simple and strong artistic style. Secondly, on the basis of fully learning from famous artists such as Deng Shiru(邓石如) and Yang Yisun(杨沂孙), he took “Shiguwen”(石鼓文) as the main object, and at the same time drew on a variety of book styles, integrated multiple arts, and constantly enriched his artistic practice. Third, use a very personal writing instrument to constantly strengthen your personal style. Through decades of hard work, it finally opened up another way outside the “Er Li” seal book, creating another peak of seal book art, which had a far-reaching impact on the development of calligraphy art in later generations. 吴昌硕的篆书在用笔、结构、章法、墨法、书写节奏等技法上都迥异于前人,成功地塑造了篆书的新面貌,取得了巨大的成就,其背后的原因应该是多方面的,首先,他吸收了碑派书法的书学思想,取法金石,推崇古朴雄强的艺术风格。其次,在充分学习邓石如、杨沂孙等名家的基础上,以≪石鼓文≫为主要取法对象,同时借鉴多种书体,融合多门艺术,不断丰富自己的艺术实践。再次,采用极具个人特色的书写工具,不断强化个人风格。通过几十年的努力,最终于“二李”篆书之外另辟蹊径,创造了篆书艺术的又一座高峰,对后世书法艺术的发展产生了深远的影响。

Prognostic Role of MicroRNA-21 in Non-small Cell Lung Cancer: a Meta-analysis

Ma, Xue-Lei,Liu, Lei,Liu, Xiao-Xiao,Li, Yun,Deng, Lei,Xiao, Zhi-Lan,Liu, Yan-Tong,Shi, Hua-Shan,Wei, Yu-Quan Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention 2012 Asian Pacific journal of cancer prevention Vol.13 No.5

Introduction: Many studies have reported that microRNA-21 (miR-21) mihght predict the survival outcome in non-small cell lung cancers (NSCLCs) but the opposite opinion has also been expressed. The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence for a prognostic role of miR-21. Materials and Methods: All the eligible studies was searched by Medline and EMBASE and patients' clinical characteristics and survival outcome were extracted. Then a meta-analysis was performed to clarify the prognostic role of the miR-21 expression in different subgroups. Results: A total of 8 eligible articles were yielded covering survival outcomes or clinical characteristics. The combined hazard ratio (HR) and 95% confidence interval (95% CI) for overall survival (OS) was 2.19 [0.76, 6.30], while the combined HR (95% CI) of Asian group for OS had a significant result, 5.49 [2.46, 12.27]. The combined HR (95% CI) for recurrence free survival or disease free survival (RFS/DFS) was 2.31 [1.52, 3.49]. Odds ratios (ORs) showed that the miR-21 expression was associated with lymph node status and histological type. Conclusion: miR-21 expression could predict the prognostic outcome of NSCLC in Asians, despite some deficiencies in the study data.

LIE TRIPLE DERIVATIONS ON FACTOR VON NEUMANN ALGEBRAS

Lei Liu 대한수학회 2015 대한수학회보 Vol.52 No.2

Let A be a factor von Neumann algebra with dimension greater than 1. We prove that if a linear map δ : A → A satisfies δ([[a, b], c]) = [[δ(a), b], c] + [[a, δ(b)], c] + [[a, b], δ(c)] for any a, b, c ∈ A with ab = 0 (resp. ab = P, where P is a fixed nontrivial projection of A), then there exist an operator T ∈ A and a linear map f : A → CI vanishing at every second commutator [[a, b], c] with ab = 0 (resp. ab = P) such that δ(a) = aT − Ta + f(a) for any a ∈ A.

Design and evaluation of spur gear pairs with improved bearing capacity and lubrication performance

Lei Liu,Zhiwei Chen,Rong Kong 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.3

The tooth form is the most influential factor on the bearing capacity and operation performance of a gear drive. Tooth profiles of spur gears can be designed based on control of relative curvature of conjugate profiles, but how to conceive appropriate control strategies and appraise gear pairs accurately needs to be investigated in depth. This paper presents the control strategies through analysis of the effect mechanisms of relative curvature on the bearing capacity and lubrication performance. Evaluation approaches of the gear pairs are then proposed by establishing the analytical models (AMs). In case studies, gear pairs with optimal comprehensive performance are designed through five control strategies. The AMs for contact and bending capacity are validated with the finite element models. The effects of the control strategies are discussed through comparative analysis. Results reveal that the control strategies lead to remarkable enhancement of bearing capacity and lubrication performance.

Comparison of High-Spin and Low-Spin Nonheme Fe^III–OOH Complexes in O–O Bond Homolysis and H-Atom Abstraction Reactivities

Liu, Lei V.,Hong, Seungwoo,Cho, Jaeheung,Nam, Wonwoo,Solomon, Edward I. American Chemical Society 2013 JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY - Vol.135 No.8

<P>The geometric and electronic structures and reactivity of an <I>S</I> = 5/2 (HS) mononuclear nonheme (TMC)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH complex are studied by spectroscopies, calculations, and kinetics and compared with the results of previous studies of <I>S</I> = 1/2 (LS) Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH complexes to understand parallels and differences in mechanisms of O–O bond homolysis and electrophilic H-atom abstraction reactions. The homolysis reaction of the HS [(TMC)Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH]<SUP>2+</SUP> complex is found to involve axial ligand coordination and a crossing to the LS surface for O–O bond homolysis. Both HS and LS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH complexes are found to perform direct H-atom abstraction reactions but with very different reaction coordinates. For the LS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH, the transition state is late in O–O and early in C–H coordinates. However, for the HS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH, the transition state is early in O–O and further along in the C–H coordinate. In addition, there is a significant amount of electron transfer from the substrate to the HS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH at transition state, but that does not occur in the LS transition state. Thus, in contrast to the behavior of LS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH, the H-atom abstraction reactivity of HS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH is found to be highly dependent on both the ionization potential and the C–H bond strength of the substrate. LS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH is found to be more effective in H-atom abstraction for strong C–H bonds, while the higher reduction potential of HS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH allows it to be active in electrophilic reactions without the requirement of O–O bond cleavage. This is relevant to the Rieske dioxygenases, which are proposed to use a HS Fe<SUP>III</SUP>–OOH to catalyze <I>cis</I>-dihydroxylation of a wide range of aromatic compounds.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/jacsat/2013/jacsat.2013.135.issue-8/ja400183g/production/images/medium/ja-2013-00183g_0017.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/ja400183g'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>

Genetic Diversity and Origin of Chinese Domestic Goats Revealed by Complete mtDNA D-loop Sequence Variation

Liu, R.Y.,Lei, C.Z.,Liu, S.H.,Yang, G.S. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2007 Animal Bioscience Vol.20 No.2

China has numerous native domestic goat breeds, but so far there has been no extensive study on genetic diversity, population demographic history, and origin of Chinese goats. To determine the origin and genetic diversity of Chinese goats, we analyzed the complete mtDNA D-loop sequences of 183 goats from 13 breeds. The haplotype diversity value found in each breed ranged from 0.9333 to 1.0000. The nucleotide diversity value ranged from 0.006337 to 0.025194. Our results showed that there were four mtDNA lineages (A, B, C and D), in which lineage A was predominant, lineage B was moderate, and lineages C and D were at low frequencies. Lineages C and D were observed only in the Tibetan breed. The results revealed multiple maternal origins of Chinese domestic goats. There was weaker geographical structuring in the 13 Chinese goat populations, which suggested that there existed high gene flow among goat populations caused by the extensive transportation of goats in the course of history.

ON ω-LIMIT SETS AND ATTRACTION OF NON-AUTONOMOUS DISCRETE DYNAMICAL SYSTEMS

Lei Liu,Bin Chen 대한수학회 2012 대한수학회지 Vol.49 No.4

In this paper we study ω-limit sets and attraction of non-autonomous discrete dynamical systems. We introduce some basic con-cepts such as ω-limit set and attraction for non-autonomous discrete sys-tem. We study fundamental properties of ω-limit sets and discuss the relationship between ω-limit sets and attraction for non-autonomous dis-crete dynamical systems..