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        Effects of molecular structure of polymeric surfactant on its physico-chemical properties, percolation and enhanced oil recovery

        Yiqiang Li,Xin Chen,Zheyu Liu,Ruina Liu,Wentao Liu,Han Zhang 한국공업화학회 2021 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.101 No.-

        Polymeric surfactant can simultaneously thicken aquous phase and reduce water–oil interfacial tension(IFT), which makes it present a great application prospect in the oilfield taword enhanced oil recovery(EOR). There are two kinds of polymeric surfactant with different molecular structures are commonlyused to realize the salt resistance, thermal endurance and shear resistance. However, the influence ofthe molecular structure of polymeric surfactant on their properties related on EOR are not well understood. In the work, we synthesized two kinds of polymeric surfactants with different molecular structurewhich respectively named intermolecular association molecule (IAM) and rigid chain molecule (RCM). Their physico-chemical properties, porous media transportation and EOR are compared with a series ofexperiments. It is found that the hydrodynamic characteristic sizes and retention of IAM are higher thanthose of RCM via the membrane filtration test and nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) scan. These featuresmake IAM have a larger resistance factor and residual resistance factor than RCM and hydrolyzedpolyacrylamide (HPAM) in the same viscosity. Compare to HPAM with shear thinning, RCM presents aNewtonian fluid region and IAM presents a shear thickening region when the shear rate is lower than1 s 1. The spatial structure of IAM can pack oil drop into its network, which make it easy to form oilin-water-in-oil (O/W/O) emulsions. Moreover, the concentration and water–oil ratio (WOR) rarely affectthe stability of IAM emulsions once the intermolecular association generated. The increamental oil recoveryfactor of IAM is 17.5% after water flooding in the three-layer core flooding experiments with the permeabilityof 500 mD, 1500 mD and 3000 mD at 55℃, which is higher than that of 14.5% for RCM and11.4% for HPAM.

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        Study of cable obstacle avoidance planning of a multi-robot collaborative towing system

        Tao Li,Zhigang Zhao,Xiangtang Zhao,Mingtong Zhu,Ruina Chen 대한기계학회 2023 JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY Vol.37 No.6

        In order to solve the problem of ignoring the cable and only planning the trajectory of the lifted object and the robot ends, a planning scheme of a multi-robot collaborative towing system aiming at the cable obstacle avoidance motion planning was proposed. The univariate polynomial equation group of the cable was obtained by constructing the cable sweep equation and defining the implicit equation of the obstacle. Then, the point-to-point decomposition trajectory was planned for the initial trajectory of the lifted object in the variable cable length workspace. And the differential manifold and manifold tangent space theories were used to plan the predicted trajectory of the lifted object. Based on the system dynamics characteristics, the tangent vector selection of the predicted trajectory was determined. Finally, the three-level planning strategy with the lifted object as the planning object, the end of robot as the planning intermediate, and the cable obstacle avoidance as the planning purpose was finally realized.

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        Particulate Matter Chemical Characteristics from a Light-Duty Diesel Engine Fueled with PODE/Diesel Blends

        Meng Xin,Tian Jing,Liu Shuai,Li Ruina,Sun Jian,Liu Wenjun 한국자동차공학회 2023 International journal of automotive technology Vol.24 No.3

        To evaluate the influence of polyoxymethylene dimethyl ethers (PODE) on particulate matter (PM) chemical features, PM samples emitted from diesel fuel and PODE/diesel blends at volume ratios of 10 %, 20 %, and 30 % (P10, P20, and P30) were characterized using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopic (FT-IR). Results showed that adding PODE in diesel fuel could increase the proportions of the lower carbon-atom-number components and the contents of oxygen-containing compounds in the soluble organic fractions extracted from PM samples. The ratio of oxygen to carbon (O/C), the functional groups, and the nanostructure of dry soot obtained from XPS showed that the O/C rose as the PODE volume ratio increased. The graphitization degree of dry soot decreased in the order: diesel fuel > P10 > P30 > P20. The relative content of hydroxyl functional groups exhibited the same trend, while the relative content of carbonyl functional groups exhibited an opposite trend with the graphitization degree. Moreover, according to FT-IR, both the branching degree and the relative content of hydrocarbon functional groups of aliphatics are influenced by the graphitization degree of dry soot. A turning point at P20 observed by analysis results above indicated that the chemical characteristics of PM could be affected not only by fuel properties but also by the process of fuel combustion and PM formation.

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