Amelioration of Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes by Agrocybe chaxingu Polysaccharide

Lee, Byung-Ryong,Lee, Yeom-Pyo,Kim, Dae-Won,Song, Ha-Yong,Yoo, Ki-Yeon,Won, Moo-Ho,Kang, Tae-Cheon,Lee, Kwang-Jae,Kim, Kyung-Hee,Joo, Jin-Ho,Ham, Hun-Ju,Hur, Jang-Hyun,Cho, Sung-Woo,Han, Kyu-Hyung,Lee Korean Society for Molecular and Cellular Biology 2010 Molecules and cells Vol.29 No.4

The aim of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of Agrocybe chaxingu polysaccharide on streptozocin (STZ)-induced pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells destruction. Agrocybe chaxingu polysaccharide markedly reduced nitric oxide (NO) production and iNOS expression levels in RINm5F cells in a dose-dependent manner. In addition, Agrocybe chaxingu polysaccharide significantly inhibited iNOS expression and blood glucose levels in STZ-induced diabetic mice. Moreover, immunohistochemical analysis revealed that it enhanced pancreatic ${\beta}$-cells resistance to destruction by STZ. These results suggest that Agrocybe chaxingu polysaccharide may have value as a therapeutic agent against diabetes mellitus.

UV-curable resins for glass slimming applications, and their swelling properties in common organic solvents

Lee, Se Won,Kwak, Giseop,Kwon, Younghwan,Kim, Young-Jin,Kim, Ki Hong,Lim, Hea-Ryong,Gwak, Sang-Won,Lee, Soo Chang,Han, Yoon Soo Informa UK (TaylorFrancis) 2017 Molecular Crystals and Liquid Crystals Vol.651 No.1

<P>We prepared UV-curable resins consisting of an aromatic urethane acrylate oligomer, an acrylate monomer, an acrylate cross-linker, and a photoinitiator; the resins were then cured by exposure to 365-nm UV irradiation for several minutes. By measuring relative photo-sensitivity, we found that the cross-linker with a functionality of four was most suitable for the photo-curable resins. Thermal, optical, and mechanical properties of UV-cured films with various compositions were evaluated, and the swelling ratio, cross-linking density, and average molecular weight between cross-linking points in the films were also quantified. The cured films showed strong resistance to chemicals, such as acidic etchant (HF) and alkaline (NaOH) solution, without peeling away from the glass substrate.</P>

Target BER selection scheme in LMS networks using AL-FEC systems

Lee, Kyu-Hwan,Jang, Dong-Hyuk,Lee, Sung-Jae,Cha, Jae-Ryong Elsevier 2017 COMPUTER NETWORKS - Vol.127 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>A land mobile satellite (LMS) system is helpful to various fields such as commercial and military applications thanks to its coverage, flexibility, broadcast capability, costs independent on the distance and easy deployment. Besides, since the low data and voice services can be provided via the hand-held terminal, the availability of the LMS system has been increasing. For deep shadowing and non-line-of-sight conditions in the LMS environment, hybrid satellite-terrestrial relay networks (HSTRNs) are widely used. However, the robust link adaptation level would be selected in the LMS environment to prevent the performance degradation of transmission control protocol (TCP), resulting in reducing the spectral efficiency. In this paper, we propose a reliable file transfer framework with application layer forward error correction (AL-FEC) in the LMS network. In particular, we propose a target bit error rate (BER) selection algorithm in the proposed framework to select the permitted target BER much loosely for the AL-FEC system because it is a rate-based system and provides the full reliability of the file transfer. In this paper, the cross-layer design is also considered for the proposed file transfer framework with AL-FEC and the BER selection algorithm. We also theoretically derive the goodput and the spectral efficiency by the given BER of the LMS channel to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed framework. The results of performance evaluation show that the required signal to noise ratio of the proposed framework can be reduced with satisfying the goodput requirement of the system as compared with the TCP solution. Furthermore, the link adaptation with the proposed target BER selection algorithm in the proposed framework can reduce the bandwidth needed to send the data in the satellite link, the number of terrestrial relays in the HSTRN, and the transmission power in the ground station while guaranteeing the goodput requirement.</P>

Dependence of H₂O/CO₂ Co-Electrolysis Performance of SOEC on Microstructural and Thermodynamic Parameters

Lee, Tae-Ryong,Im, Ha-Ni,Jeon, Sang-Yun,Yoo, Young-Sung,Chavan, Archana U.,Song, Sun-Ju The Electrochemical Society 2016 Journal of the Electrochemical Society Vol.163 No.7

<P>High temperature co-electrolysis of steam and CO2 based on solid oxide electrolysis cell (SOEC) to produce syngas as a feedstock for the well-known Fischer-Tropsch process is the main aim of the present research. Here Ni-8YSZ/8YSZ/LSCF6428-GDC button cells have been fabricated and the effect of the different microstructural parameters like air electrode thicknesses, fuel electrode porosities, adhesion layer and thermodynamic parameters like gas composition, temperature, on the performance of SOEC has been investigated systematically. The SOEC with 10 mu m air electrode thickness, functional layer, fuel electrode having 20 vol% PMMA content, addition of YSZ-GDC adhesion layer gives the better performance in overall results and the voltage obtained for this SOEC at current density of 0.8 A.cm(-2) is similar to 1.25 V at 800 degrees C in 49% N-2, 5% H-2, 23% CO2 and 23% H2O gas mixture at fuel electrode side. To identify the electrochemical processes occurring at the electrodes of SOEC, distribution function of relaxation time (DRT) analysis of the electrochemical impedance (EIS) data is carried out. (C) 2016 The Electrochemical Society. All rights reserved.</P>

Carbon dioxide assisted thermal decomposition of cattle excreta

Lee, Sang-Ryong,Lee, Jechan,Lee, Taewoo,Cho, Seong-Heon,Oh, Jeong-Ik,Kim, Hana,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier BV 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.615 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>To develop the environmentally benign thermo-chemical process, this study placed great emphasis on the influence of CO<SUB>2</SUB> on pyrolysis of cattle excreta for energy recovery. To this end, this study evaluates the possible enhanced energy recovery from cattle excreta using CO<SUB>2</SUB> as reaction medium/feedstock in the thermal degradation of cattle excreta. The enhanced generation of CO in the presence of CO<SUB>2</SUB> reached up to 15.15mol% (reference value: 0.369mol%) at 690°C, which was equivalent to ~4000 times more generation of CO. In addition to the enhanced generation of CO, the enhanced generation of H<SUB>2</SUB> and CH<SUB>4</SUB> in the thermal degradation of cattle excreta in CO<SUB>2</SUB>. Thus, the findings of this study revealed two genuine roles of CO<SUB>2</SUB>: 1) enhanced thermal cracking of volatile organic carbons (VOCs) evolved from the thermal degradation of cattle excreta and 2) direct reaction between VOCs and CO<SUB>2</SUB> via gas phase reaction.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Use of animal manure as an energy source </LI> <LI> No additional energy input for mitigating pyrolytic oil </LI> <LI> Enhanced generation of pyrolytic gases in the thermal degradation of cattle excreta </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>

A study of the correlation between hydrogen content and magnetism in ZnCoO

Lee, Seunghun,Kim, Bum-Su,Seo, Seung-Wan,Chan Cho, Yong,Kyu Kim, Sung,Pil Kim, Jong,Jeong, Il-Kyoung,Ryong Cho, Chae,Uk Jung, Chang,Koinuma, Hideomi,Jeong, Se-Young American Institute of Physics 2012 JOURNAL OF APPLIED PHYSICS - Vol.111 No.7

Vacuum-Free Continuous Fabrication for Forming Narrow Bus Wires

Lee, Ji Hoon,Choi, Jin Ho,Lee, Sang Ryong,Lee, Choon Young,Park, Cheol Woo,Kim, Gyu Man,Kwak, Moon Kyu Trans Tech Publications 2013 Applied mechanics and materials Vol.481 No.-

<P>Photolithography is undoubtedly the most widely used patterning method for the fabrication of micro-and nanofeatures, despite the recent development in some unconventional fabrication techniques that are poised to take over certain applications. But photolithography is still the main fabrication method in industry. To step forward in many applied areas, however, large-area, continuous fabrication system needs to be developed. However photolithography has not been extended to large area continuous patterning like other printing technologies. Photolithography is currently based on wafer scale fabrication and metal deposition process is performed under high vacuum condition. Here we report the development of continuous roll type contact photolithography which is termed photo roll lithography (PRL) and vacuum-free metal filling method. Continuous patterning is achieved was by employing a flexible photomask with Al patterns, which was fabricated by conventional photolithography method. Also, metal nanopowder was stuffed in fabricated PR patterns by puffs, instead of conventional deposition methods. As a feasible application, we demonstrated a fabrication of narrow bus wire for using on display devices.</P>

Singularity Analysis of 2-DOF Parallel Manipulator

Lee, Jong Gyu,Lee, Sang Ryong,Lee, Choon Young,Yang, Seung Han Trans Tech Publications, Ltd. 2012 Advanced materials research Vol.569 No.-

<P>The end-effector of 2-DOF parallel manipulator has an orientation. Jacobian matrices are obtained by kinematic analysis. The singular configurations of the manipulator are found using these matrices and the certain characteristic of these configurations is investigated. With the result from simulation, we found that these configurations happened to workspace-interior as well as workspace-boundary and the orientation angle of the end-effector exerted a strong influence on the singularity of the manipulator.</P>

A formulated red ginseng extract upregulates CHOP and increases TRAIL-mediated cytotoxicity in human hepatocellular carcinoma cells

LEE, YUN-SUN,LEE, DA-GYUM,LEE, JU-YEON,KIM, TAE RYONG,HONG, SOON-SUN,KWON, SUNG WON,KIM, YOU-SUN Spandidos Publications 2013 International journal of oncology Vol.43 No.2

<P>Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is a promising anticancer agent because its cytotoxicity is selective for tumor cells. Despite promising outcomes in clinical trials using this ligand, sustained clinical responses have been impeded because cancer cells acquire resistance to TRAIL-based therapies. Ginseng, a well-known food product consumed globally, has been reported to reduce fatigue and possess antioxidant and antitumor activities. We explored the sensitizing influence of a formulated red ginseng extract (RGE) on TRAIL-derived cell death in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines and the underlying molecular mechanisms responsible for TRAIL sensitization. We found that the RGE promoted TRAIL-derived apoptosis in HepG2, Huh-7 and Hep3B cell lines. We also found that death receptor?5 expression was induced by the RGE and mediated by C/EBP homologous protein (CHOP). shRNA-induced downregulation of CHOP expression effectively suppressed cell death induced by combined treatment with the RGE and TRAIL in the HepG2 cell line, indicating that RGE-related upregulation of the CHOP protein plays an important role in sensitizing TRAIL-derived apoptosis. In summary, we showed that the RGE sensitized human HCC cell lines to TRAIL-derived cell death and could be utilized as a dietary supplement in combination with cancer treatment.</P>

Quantification of volatile fatty acids from cattle manure <i>via</i> non-catalytic esterification for odour indication

Lee, Sang-Ryong,Lee, Jechan,Cho, Seong-Heon,Kim, Jieun,Oh, Jeong-Ik,Tsang, Daniel C.W.,Jeong, Kwang-Hwa,Kwon, Eilhann E. Elsevier 2018 Science of the Total Environment Vol.610 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>This report proposes a new approach to evaluate the odour nuisance of cattle manure samples from three different cattle breeds (<I>i.e.</I>, native cattle, beef cattle, and milk cow) by means of quantification and speciation of volatile fatty acids (VFAs). To this end, non-catalytic esterification thermally induced in the presence of a porous material (silica) was undertaken, and the optimal operational parameters such as the derivatizing temperature (330°C) for the maximum yield (≥99±0.4%) of volatile fatty acid methyl esters (VFAMEs) were established. Among the VFA species in cattle manure based on quantification of VFAs, the major species were acetic, butyric and valeric acid. Considering the odour threshold of each VFA, our experimental results suggested that the major contributors to odour nuisance were C<SUB>4–5</SUB> VFA species (<I>i.e.</I>, butyric and valeric acid). Hydrothermal treatment was performed at 150°C for 0–40min to correlate the formation of VFAs with different types of cattle feed formulations. Our experimental data demonstrated that the formation of total VFAs is linearly proportional to the hydrothermal treatment duration and the total content of VFAs in native cattle, beef cattle, and milk cow manure samples reached up to ~1000, ~3200, and ~2800ppm, respectively. Thus, this study demonstrated that the degree of VFA formation is highly dependent on cattle feed formulations, which rely significantly on the protein content. Furthermore, the hydrothermal treatment provides a favourable condition for generating more VFAs. In this context, producing cattle manure into refused derived fuel (RDF) <I>via</I> a hydrothermal treatment is not a viable option to control odour.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Volatile fatty acid measurement (VFAs) <I>via</I> the non-catalytic esterification </LI> <LI> Using volatile fatty acid as an odour indicator from cattle manure </LI> <LI> High conversion for volatile fatty acid methyl esters (>99%) from VFAs </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>