General Anesthesia in a Patient with Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis -A case report-

( Tae Kyong Kim ),( Jeong Eun Kwon ),( Yong Lak Kim ) 대한마취과학회 2006 Korean Journal of Anesthesiology Vol.51 No.6

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a progressive, degenerative motor neuron disease with an unknown cause. An impairment in the respiratory function and weakened upper airway muscles may affect the anesthetic management. The response to muscle relaxants, either depolarizing or nondepolarizing, is also altered in ALS patients. Therefore patients with ALS require special care throughout the perioperative period. We report a case of ALS in which general anesthesia was successfully used for a tracheostomy. (Korean J Anesthesiol 2006; 51: S 18~9)

Comparison of Cold Formability of Cold Drawn Non-heat-treated Steels Having Similar Strength

PARK, Kyong Su,PARK, Kyung-Tae,LEE, Duk Lak,LEE, Chong Soo Iron and Steel Institute of Japan 2005 ISIJ international Vol.45 No.9

<P>The cold formability of the drawn non-heat-treated steels, <I>i.e.</I> dual phase (DP) steel, low Si steel and ultra low carbon bainitic (ULCB) steel, was examined in terms of the deformation resistance and the forming limit. The present investigation was aimed at elucidating the effect of drawing on the cold formability of non-heat-treated steels which is directly affected by drawing since no heat treatment are involved during forming processes for them. A special care was taken for the present steels to exhibit the similar strength after drawing, so eliminating the strength effect. The present steels after drawing revealed the elastic-near perfect plastic behavior in compression. After drawing, the low Si steel exhibited the lowest deformation resistance estimated by the absorbed energy during deformation. In case of the forming limit in terms of the critical strain under which no cracking occurs during the upsetting test of the drawn steels, the low Si steel and the ULCB steel were better than the conventional heat-treated steel. Accordingly, among several non-heat-treated steels which can replace the conventional heat-treated steel as forging steels, the low Si steel seems to exhibit the best performance if they have the similar strength. The compressive deformation behavior of the present drawn non-heat-treated steels was discussed in association with the strain hardened state and the Bauschinger effect developed by drawing. In addition, their cold formability was explained by the plastic incompatibility between the constituent phases of each steel.</P>

Effect of heat treatment path on the cold formability of drawn dual-phase steels

Park, Kyong Su,Park, Kyung-Tae,Lee, Duk Lak,Lee, Chong Soo Elsevier 2007 Materials science & engineering. properties, micro Vol.449 No.-

<P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Dual-phase steel has received much attention as a candidate for non-heat treated steel due to its high strain hardening capability. Present study was performed to examine the optimum microstructure and corresponding heat treatment path revealing excellent cold formability of drawn dual-phase steel. Microstructures were varied by three different heat treatments (or quenching paths), namely intercritical quenching (IcQ), intermediate quenching (ImQ), and step quenching. Resulting microstructures consisted of ferrite and martensite phases, but the volume fraction and morphology were largely varied by the quenching paths. Tensile and compression tests for all three microstructures showed continuous yielding curves with high strain hardening exponent. However, after imposing some amounts of drawing strain, all the specimens were significantly strengthened losing strain hardening capability. Cold formability was studied by estimating both the forming limit and the deformation resistance. The IcQ microstructure showed excellent forming limit and deformation resistance as compared to other two microstructures. It was attributed to the beneficial morphology of the IcQ microstructure, which effectively suppressed crack propagation.</P>

말뚝 인발모형실험에 대한 유한요소해석의 적용성 평가

유승경(Seung-Kyong You),신희수(Heesoo Shin),이광우(Kwang-Wu Lee),박정준(Jeong-Jun Park),최충락(Choong-Lak Choi),홍기권(Gigwon Hong) 한국지반신소재학회 2019 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구에서는 말뚝의 인발저항에 대한 합리적 평가를 위하여, 다양한 지반 조건(상대밀도, 세립분 함유율)에서 말뚝의 인발거동 모사에 대한 유한요소해석의 적용성을 평가하였다. 즉, 기존의 실내모형실험 결과(You et al., 2018)를 대상으로 동일한 조건에서의 유한요소해석을 실시하였고, 유한요소해석에 이용된 해석모델의 신뢰성을 검증하였다. 또한 수치해석을 활용한 말뚝의 인발거동 모사에 대한 적정성을 평가하였다. 그 결과, 가상지반이 적용된 축대칭 해석을 이용하여 말뚝의 주면마찰력을 평가할 수 있는 것으로 확인되었다. 또한 다양한 지반 조건에 대하여 말뚝-지반 경계면의 전단저항 특성을 반영할 수 있는 축대칭 해석은 말뚝의 합리적인 인발거동 모사가 가능한 해석방법으로 활용이 가능한 것으로 분석되었다. 따라서 본 연구를 통하여 제안된 해석모델은 말뚝의 응력-변형 관계를 통한 인발거동을 적절하게 모사할 수 있는 것으로 판단되었다. This paper describes the applicability of FEA(Finite Element Analysis) to the simulation of pile pullout behavior under various soil conditions (relative density and fines content), in order to evaluate reasonably the pullout resistance of pile. That is, the results of previous research (You et al., 2018) were analyzed by FEA under the same conditions. The FEA results showed that axisymmetric analysis using virtual ground was able to evaluate the skin friction of the pile. Also, axisymmetric analysis, which can apply the shear resistance characteristics of the pile-soil interface in various soil conditions, could be used as an analytical method that can simulate a reasonable pile pullout behavior. Therefore, the analytical model proposed in this study was able to simulate appropriately the pullout behavior based on the stress-strain relationship of the pile-soil interface.

지반조건에 따른 말뚝의 인발저항 평가를 위한 말뚝-지반 경계면 강도감소계수 고찰

유승경(Seung-Kyong You),신희수(Heesoo Shin),이광우(Kwang-Wu Lee),박정준(Jeong-Jun Park),최충락(Choong-Lak Choi),홍기권(Gigwon Hong) 한국지반신소재학회 2019 한국지반신소재학회 논문집 Vol.18 No.2

본 연구에서는 원지반의 상대밀도와 세립분 함유율의 조건에 따른 말뚝의 인발거동 특성 규명을 위하여, 유한요소해석을 수행하였다. 수치해석에서는 말뚝과 지반 경계에서의 전단거동을 원활히 모사하기 위해서 경계요소와 경계면 강도감소계수(Rinter)를 부여하였으며, 그 결과를 기존의 실험적 연구결과(You et al., 2018)와 비교함으로써 본 수치해석 방법의 신뢰성을 검증하였고, 말뚝-지반 경계면에서의 변형 특성과 함께 경계요소에 대한 Rinter값의 결정방법을 제시하였다. 해석 결과, 본 연구에서 적용된 해석모델을 이용한 수치해석은 말뚝의 인발모형실험에 의한 말뚝과 지반의 경계면 특성을 적절하게 모사하였다. 또한 제시된 Rinter의 적용에 있어서, 반드시 지반의 상대밀도와 세립분 함유율 조건을 고려해야 할 필요가 있음을 확인 하였다. This paper describes the results of finite element analysis (FEA), in order to investigate a characteristics of pile pullout behavior according to the conditions of the relative density and fines content in original ground. In the FEA, a boundary elements and strength reduction factors (Rinter) on pile-soil interface were applied to simulate appropriately the shear behavior at the pile-soil interface, and then the reliability of numerical analysis method was verified by comparison of FEA results and previous experimental research(You et al., 2018). In addition, a the deformation characteristics at the pile-soil interface and determination method of Rinter value was laid out. The results showed that the FEA, based on the analytical model applied in this study simulates appropriately the characteristics of the pile-soil interface by pullout model test of pile. In order to apply the suggested Rinter value, it is necessary to consider the condition of the relative density and the fines content in ground.

A Critical Review of Current Crisis Simulation Methodology

Kim, Hak-Kyong,Lee, Ju-Lak The Korea Contents Association 2011 International Journal of Contents Vol.7 No.1

This paper is concerned with simulation exercises used to train key response agencies for crisis situations. While 'multi-agency' simulations are increasingly acknowledged as a necessary and significant training tool for emergency response organisations, many current crisis simulations are still focused on the revision of existing response plans only. However, a crisis requires a rapid reaction, yet in contrast to an 'emergency', the risks for critical decision makers in crisis situations are difficult to measure, owing to their ill-structure. In other words, a crisis situation is likely to create great uncertainty, unfamiliarity and complexity, and consequently should be managed by adaptive or second order expertise and techniques, rather than routine or structured responses. In this context, the paper attempts to prove that the current practices of simulation exercises might not be good enough for uncertain, unfamiliar, and complex 'crisis' situations, in particular, by conducting case studies of two different underground fire crises in Korea (Daegu Subway Fire 2003) and the UK (King's Cross Fire 1987). Finally, it is suggested that the three abilities: 'flexibility', 'improvisation' and 'creativity' are critical in responding to a crisis situation.

Match-Fixing in Korean Football: Corruption in the K-League and the Importance of Maintaining Sporting Integrity

Brooks, Graham,Lee, Ju-Lak,Kim, Hak-Kyong The Korea Contents Association 2012 International Journal of Contents Vol.8 No.2

Fraud and corruption is a problem that undermines the credibility and integrity of all sport. It affects fans, owners, shareholders, officials, and players. With the recent scandal in the K-League in Korea, the importance of maintaining the integrity of Korean football is presently of great importance. While other European or Asian football leagues have been plagued with fraud and corruption, Korea has maintained its professional sporting integrity successfully until recent times. This paper is an examination as to why players in the K-League succumbed to match- fixing in 2011. Firstly, we discuss the important role of sport in Korea, which is not to be underestimated. Secondly, we briefly illustrate the range and types of fraud and corruption in international football. Thirdly, we focus on the match-fixing and gambling scandal currently engulfing the K-League. Fourthly, we make some practical suggestions on how to combat and increase resilience to fraud and corruption in football. Finally, in the conclusion, we suggest that much needs to be done to reduce the incident of fraud and corruption in football worldwide, particularly through employing a clear counter fraud strategy.

Professional Security Management and Investigation for the New Competitive Advantage

Button, Mark,Lee, Ju-Lak,Kim, Hak-Kyong The Korea Contents Association 2011 International Journal of Contents Vol.7 No.3

This paper is mainly associated with setting out an agenda for the transformation of security by creating a new framework for a security system, which can maximise its effectiveness. Noticeably, this research shows empirically that crimes are getting a major cost to organisations, which if reduced by security and investigations could reap substantial rewards to the finances of an organisation. However, the problem is that the delivery of security is frequently delegated to personnel (e.g. security guards) with limited training, inadequate education, and no real commitment to professionalism - 'sub-prime' security, finally causing security failures. Therefore, if security can be enhanced to reduce the crime cost, this will produce financial benefits to business, and consequently could produce a competitive advantage. For this, the paper basically draws upon Luke's theoretical framework for deconstructing 'power' into three dimensions. Using this three-dimensional approach, the paper further sets out a model of how security can be enhanced, utilising a new Security Risk Management (SRM) model, and how can this SRM model create competitive advantage in business. Finally, this paper ends with the six strategies needed to enhance the quality of security: refiguring as SRM, Professional Staff, Accurate Measurement, Prevention, Cultural Change, and Metrics.

상대밀도에 따른 현장타설말뚝의 인발저항 특성 분석

유승경(You, Seung-Kyong),홍기권(Hong, Gigwon),정민우(Jeong, Min-Woo),배현섭(Bae, Hyeon-Seop),이광우(Lee, Kwang-Wu),최충락(Choi, Choong-Lak) 한국지반신소재학회 2018 한국지반신소재학회 학술발표회 Vol.2018 No.4

실내모형실험을 이용한 말뚝의 인발거동에 대한 수치해석의 검증

유승경(You, Seung-Kyong),홍기권(Hong, Gigwon),신희수(Shin, Heesoo),이광우(Lee, Kwang-Wu),최충락(Choi, Choong-Lak),정민우(LJeong, Minwoo) 한국지반신소재학회 2018 한국지반신소재학회 학술발표회 Vol.2018 No.9