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K.-H. IM,N.-S. PARK,Y.-N. KIM,L.-Y. YANG 한국자동차공학회 2003 International journal of automotive technology Vol.4 No.4
This paper describes a method for a falling weight impact test to estimate the impact energy absorbing characteristics and impact strength of CFRP (Carbon-fiber reinforced plastics) laminate plates based on considerations of stress wave propagation theory, which were converted to measurements of load and displacement verses time. The delamination area of impacted specimens for the different ply orientations was measured with an ultrasonic C-scanner to determine the correlation between impact energy and delamination area. The energy absorbed by a quasi-isotropic specimen having four interfaces was higher than that of orthotropic laminates with two interfaces. The more interfaces, the greater the energy absorbed. The absorbed energy of a hybrid specimen embedding GFRP (Glass-fiber reinforced plastics) layer was higher than that of normal specimens. Also, a falling weight impact tester was built to evaluate the characteristics and impact strength of CFRPs.
Electrical conductivity enhancement of epitaxially grown TiN thin films
Khim Yeong Gwang,Park Beomjin,Heo Jin Eun,Khim Young Hun,Khim Young Rok,Gu Minseon,Rhee Tae Gyu,Chang Seo Hyoung,Han Moonsup,Chang Young Jun 한국물리학회 2023 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.82 No.5
Titanium nitride (TiN) presents superior electrical conductivity with mechanical and chemical stability and compatibility with the semiconductor fabrication process. Here, we fabricated epitaxial and polycrystalline TiN (111) thin flms on MgO (111), sapphire (001), and mica substrates at 640℃ and room temperature by using a DC sputtering, respectively. The epitaxial flms show less amount of surface oxidation than the polycrystalline ones grown at room temperature. The epitaxial flms show drastically reduced resistivity (~ 30 micro-ohm-cm), much smaller than the polycrystalline flms. Temperature-dependent resistivity measurements show a nearly monotonic temperature slope down to low temperature. These results demonstrate that high-temperature growth of TiN thin flms leads to signifcant enhancement of electrical conductivity, promising for durable and scalable electrode applications.
Analysis of 5-DOF Motion Errors Influenced by the Guide Rails of an Aerostatic Linear Motion Stage
Khim, Gyungho,Oh, Jeong Seok,Park, Chun Hong 한국정밀공학회 2014 International Journal of Precision Engineering and Vol.15 No.2
This paper presents an estimation method for five-degrees-of-freedom (5-DOF) motion errors, which are influenced by the profiles of guide rails of an aerostatic linear motion stage. The transfer function, which is the relationship between the magnitude of the rail form error and the reaction force of a bearing pad, was introduced to simplify and systematize the estimation of the motion errors. The motion errors were calculated from the equilibrium conditions for the forces and moments of the stage using the geometrical relationships between the bearing pads, the transfer function, and rail form errors. Experimental verification of the rail form error was carried out using a porous aerostatic linear motion stage and the mixed sequential two-probe method. The aerostatic feed table of the experimental stage, on which sensors were mounted, was also used as the feed unit for measuring the rail profiles. The 5-DOF motion errors were estimated from the measured rail form errors using the transfer function method. The estimated results were in good agreement with the experiments.
Khim, Boo-Keun,Otosaka, Shigeyoshi,Park, Kyung-Ae,Noriki, Shinichiro Korean Ocean Research & Development Institute and 2018 OCEAN SCIENCE JOURNAL Vol.53 No.1
Investigation of sediment-trap deployments in the East/Japan Sea (EJS) showed that distinct seasonal variations in particulate organic carbon (POC) fluxes of intermediate-water sediment-traps clearly corresponded to changes in chlorophyll <TEX>${\alpha}$</TEX> concentrations estimated from SeaWiFS data. The prominent high POC flux periods (e.g., March) were strongly correlated with the enhanced surface-water phytoplankton blooms. Deep-water sediment-traps exhibited similar variation patterns to intermediate-water sediment-traps. However, their total flux and POC flux were higher than those of intermediate-water sediment-traps during some months (e.g., April and May), indicating the lateral delivery of some particles to the deep-water sediment-traps. Distinct seasonal <TEX>${\delta}^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>${\delta}^{15}N$</TEX> variations in settling particles of the intermediate-water sediment-traps were observed, strongly supporting the notion of seasonal primary production. Seasonal variations in <TEX>${\delta}^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>${\delta}^{15}N$</TEX> values from the deep-water sediment-traps were similar to those of the intermediate-water sediment-traps. However, the difference in <TEX>${\delta}^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>${\delta}^{15}N$</TEX> values between the intermediate-water and the dee-pwater sediment-traps may be attributed to degradation of organic matter as it sank through the water column. Comparison of flux-weighted <TEX>${\delta}^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>${\delta}^{15}N$</TEX> mean values between the deep-water sediment-traps and the core-top sediments showed that strong selective loss of organic matter components (lipids) depleted in <TEX>$^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>$^{15}N$</TEX> occurred during sediment burial. Nonetheless, the results of our study indicate that particles in the deep-water sediment-trap deposited as surface sediments on the seafloor preserve the record of surface-water conditions, highlighting the usefulness of sedimentary <TEX>${\delta}^{13}C$</TEX> and <TEX>${\delta}^{15}N$</TEX> values as a paleoceanographic application in the EJS.
Graphical Displays for Multiple Comparisons
khim,Seong-Yeon 東亞大學校 經營問題硏究所 1985 經營論叢 Vol.8 No.-
관찰대상이 되는 경영현상에 있어서, 모집단이 일정한 기준에 의해 몇몇의 부모집단으로 분할되어 어떤 성질이 그 각각의 부모집단에서 동일한 정도로 현현하느냐에 연구촛점이 맞추어 질 경우(가령 어떤 상품의 대학 학년에 따른 선호도 차이의 문제 또는 A, B, C, 각각의 생산라인에서 산출된 제품의 불량품율의 차이에 관한 문제 등등) 그 동일성 문제의 검정에 관한 통계적 처리를 도표화함으로써 일목요연하게 그 결과를 파악할 수 있게끔 하는 평균비교의 도표화 과정에 관한 논문이다. 즉 이를 엄밀히 표현하면 일원배치에 있어서 k개의 수준에서의 평균을 비교하기 위한 도표화 과정에 관한 고찰이다. 반복수가 다른 일원배치의 평균비교에 있어서는 튜키-크래머 방법(Tukey-Kramer Method)을 직접 적용하여 도표화하기는 불가능하므로, 그것을 중심으로 1) 단순보존적인 과정(simple conservative procedure)과 2) 가브리엘-제바의 변형과정(Gabriel-Gheva modified simple conservative procedure) 그리고 3) 최량보존적인 과정(the best conservative procedure)에 의한 접근으로부터 구한 도표화 과정을 상호 비교하여 보았다. 그 결과 단순성에 있어서는 1), 2), 3)의 순서로 우월하였으며 정도(precision)에 있어서는 그 역순이었다.
Khim, Dongyoon,Lee, Woo-Hyung,Baeg, Kang-Jun,Kim, Dong-Yu,Kang, In-Nam,Noh, Yong-Young The Royal Society of Chemistry 2012 Journal of materials chemistry Vol.22 No.25
<P>We report the use of two polyselenophene-based conjugated polymers, poly(3,3′′-didodecyl-2,2′:5,2′′-terselenophene) (<B>P3Se</B>) and poly(3,3′′,3′′′,3′′′′-tetradodecyl-2,5′:2′,2′′:5′′,2′′′-pentaselenophene) (<B>P5Se</B>), as an active layer of printed p-channel organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). Top-gate/bottom-contact (TG/BC) <B>P5Se</B> OFETs showed a high-saturation hole mobility of up to ∼0.1 cm<SUP>2</SUP> V<SUP>−1</SUP> s<SUP>−1</SUP> and a high on/off ratio of ∼10<SUP>5</SUP> with no hysteresis. In addition, polyselenophene-based OFETs exhibited a much better bias and ambient stability when compared with poly(3-hexylthiophene)-based OFETs. The excellent air stability of those polyselenophenes enables the realization of complementary metal-oxide semiconductor (CMOS) inverters <I>via</I> extended periods of ink-jetting under ambient conditions. CMOS inverters were demonstrated using p-[<B>P5Se</B>] and n-channel [poly{[<I>N</I>,<I>N</I>′-bis(2-octyldodecyl)-naphthalene-1,4,5,8-bis(dicarboximide)-<I>s</I>,6-diyl]-<I>alt</I>-5,5′-(2,2′-dithiophene)}] ([P(NDI2OD-T2)], Polyera ActivInk N2200/OFETs) by inkjet printing of conjugated polymers. Printed CMOS inverters exhibited a stable voltage transfer characteristic with negligible hysteresis, a DC voltage gain of ∼10, and a power consumption of ∼0.025 mW at <I>V</I><SUB>DD</SUB> = −60 V.</P> <P>Graphic Abstract</P><P>We report the use of two polyselenophene-based conjugated polymers, poly(3,3′′-didodecyl-2,2′:5,2′′-terselenophene) (<B>P3Se</B>) and poly(3,3′′,3′′′,3′′′′-tetradodecyl-2,5′:2′,2′′:5′′,2′′′-pentaselenophene) (<B>P5Se</B>), as an active layer of printed p-channel organic field-effect transistors (OFETs). <IMG SRC='http://pubs.rsc.org/services/images/RSCpubs.ePlatform.Service.FreeContent.ImageService.svc/ImageService/image/GA?id=c2jm16546e'> </P>
Khim, Boo-Keun,Bock, Kathy-W.,Krantz, David-E. The Korean Society of Oceanography 1997 Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography Vol.32 No.2
Stable isotope profiles with fine-scale resolution were constructed from the fossil mollusk shells, Mercernaria mercernaria, obtained from the late Pleistocene transgressive deposits of Gomez Pit, Virginia, USA. Incremental sampling were made along the axis of maximum growth to provide high-resolution ${\delta}^{18}$O and ${\delta}^{13}$C records. The ${\delta}^{18}$O shell profiles exhibit a series of pronounced cycles in the overall amplitude, corresponding to strong seasonal variations in temperature, which is apparently positive environmental variable. Contrasts between the patterns of ${\delta}^{18}$O and ${\delta}^{13}$C profiles reflect the relationship influencing the seasonal carbon cycling in the shallow marine environment. Positive anomalies of the ${\delta}^{13}$C values during the summer were observed to be out of phase with the ${\delta}^{18}$O profile. Such relatively heavier carbon source may be alternated due to seasonal methanogenesis during the summer. A hypothesized methane-based system may be operated in the shallow and marginal marine environment, resulting in a ${\delta}^{13}$C enriched bicarbonate pool, in which the heavier isotope seems to be incorporated to the shell carbonate.