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Kazem Arzani,Hassan Khoshghalb,Mohamad-Jafar Malakouti,Mohsen Barzegar 한국원예학회 2008 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.49 No.1
Postharvest changes in the physicochemical properties of two commercial Asian pears (‘KS’? and ‘KS’13) and one European pear (‘Shahmiveh’) were quantified during five months’ storage (at 1℃, 80?85% RH). Sugar, organic acid profile and ethylene were determined using HPLC equipped with RI and UV detectors, and GC equipped with an FID detector, respectively. Total oxalate-soluble pectin (OSP) and total phenolics compounds (TPC) were determined using UV-Vis spectrophotometer. The mineral content of fruit was determined by Inductively Coupled Plasma (ICP). Results showed that at the time of fruit harvest, sorbitol was the dominant sugar, followed by fructose, glucose and sucrose. After five months’ storage, fructose was the dominant sugar, followed by glucose, sorbitol and sucrose. Malic, ascorbic, and citric acids were the predominant organic acids, in order of dominance. Total oxalatesoluble pectin contents increased from the first month of storage to the second month, then decreased. The total phenolic and calcium content decreased from the time of harvest to the fifth month of storage. The European pear had higher ethylene production than the Asian pear cultivars from harvest to the end of storage period. In addition, fruit color, firmness, titrable acidity, soluble solids content and dry weight were monitored. The Asian pear cultivars ‘KS’? and ‘KS’13 showed better storage ability and maintained their quality better than the European ‘Shahmiveh’ pear cultivar.
Kazem Arzani,Farzaneh Bahadori,Saeed Piri 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.2
Vegetative and reproductive responses of mature peach (Prunus persica) trees cultivars ‘J.H. Hale’ and ‘Red Skin’ on ‘Montclar’ peach seedling rootstock to soil applied paclobutrazol (PBZ) were examined under Moghan, Iran environmental conditions. PBZ was soil drenched at 0 (control), 0.5 (L-PBZ), and 1.5 gㆍtree?¹ a.i. (H-PBZ) with six replications. PBZ significantly reduced vegetative growth during the experiment. Total pruning dry weight, shoot growth, and trunk cross sectional area of PBZ-treated trees were reduced compared to those of controls, with H-PBZ being more effective than L-PBZ. PBZ treatments advanced flowering and time of fruit harvest on ‘J.H. Hale’ and ‘Red Skin’ by 2-4 and 2-7 days, respectively, in the following season. PBZ treatments increased flower and fruit densities, fruit set, crop density, yield and yield efficiency in both cultivars in the following season. Similarly, the total number of fruits in the second season was increased in both cultivars by PBZ treatments. However, fruit size was smaller in the PBZ treatments than control. The effects of PBZ treatments and cultivars on total soluble solids, total fruit sugars, and fruit acidity were not significant. Leaf N and P was not influenced by any PBZ treatments, but Ca and K concentrations were increased by H-PBZ. In conclusion, H-PBZ was the most effective in reducing vegetative growth and promoting reproductive growth.
Feryal Varasteh,Kazem Arzani 한국원예학회 2009 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.50 No.1
Pollen grains from 14 pomegranate (Punica granatum) cultivars were examined using scanning electron microscopy. Pollen grains were observed and photographed at 3,000x for whole grains and at 20,000x for exine patterns. The polar (P) and equatorial axis (E) of grains, P/E ratios, distances between the two furrows, and width of the pollen grain ridges were measured. The results indicated that the mean polar axis ranged between 22.63-25.86 ㎛, while the mean equatorial axis ranged between 12.69-14.47 ㎛. Two groups were identified according to the polar axis and equatorial axis. Mean values of the P/E ratio varied from 1.75-1.94. In addition, pollen grains were placed in prolate (elliptical) shape group based on the P/E ratio. The studied cultivars were classified into four groups according to distance between furrow edges and into two groups according to width of ridges. All studied cultivars showed a similar foveolate ornamentation pattern. Correlation coefficients calculated between different traits of pomegranate pollen grains indicated that there were positive and significant correlations between polar axis and equatorial axis (r = 0.675), polar axis and distance between furrow edges (r = 0.908), and P/E ratio and distance between furrow edges (r = 0.671). The projections of the loadings defined by the first two principal components allowed grouping of pomegranate cultivars. Cluster analysis of the studied cultivars indicated the estimated relations between the studied cultivars, which were classified into the three main different groups. The cluster analysis partially confirmed the results of principal component analysis on the cultivars. Hence, pollen morphology characteristics can be used for pomegranate cultivar identification.