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Li-Jessen, N. Y.,Powell, M.,Choi, A. J.,Lee, B. J.,Thibeault, S. L. LARYNGOSCOPE 2017 The Laryngoscope Vol.127 No.6
<P>Conclusions: Macrophages and fibroblasts were a major cell source of vocal fold HMGB1. Translocation of HMGB1 may be an active response to the early accumulation of IL-1 beta and TNF-alpha in the wounded vocal folds.</P>
The Integrative Feedback Tool: Assessing a Novel Feedback Tool Among Emergency Medicine Residents
Gore Katarzyna,Schiebout Jessen,Peksa Gary D.,Hock Sara,Patwari Rahul,Gottlieb Michael 대한응급의학회 2023 Clinical and Experimental Emergency Medicine Vol.10 No.3
Objective: Feedback is critical to the growth of learners. However, feedback quality can be variable in practice. Most feedback tools are generic, with few targeting emergency medicine. We created a feedback tool designed for emergency medicine residents, and this study aimed to evaluate the effectiveness of this tool. Methods: This was a single-center, prospective cohort study comparing feedback quality before and after introducing a novel feedback tool. Residents and faculty completed a survey after each shift assessing feedback quality, feedback time, and the number of feedback episodes. Feedback quality was assessed using a composite score from seven questions, which were each scored 1 to 5 points (minimum total score, 7 points; maximum, 35 points). Preintervention and postintervention data were analyzed using a mixed-effects model that took into account the correlation of random effects between study participants. Results: Residents completed 182 surveys and faculty members completed 158 surveys. The use of the tool was associated with improved consistency in the summative score of effective feedback attributes as assessed by residents (P=0.040) but not by faculty (P=0.259). However, most of the individual scores for attributes of good feedback did not reach statistical significance. With the tool, residents perceived that faculty spent more time providing feedback (P=0.040) and that the delivery of feedback was more ongoing throughout the shift (P=0.020). Faculty felt that the tool allowed for more ongoing feedback (P=0.002), with no perceived increase in the time spent delivering feedback (P=0.833). Conclusion: The use of a dedicated tool may help educators provide more meaningful and frequent feedback without impacting the perceived required time needed to provide feedback.
Multi-terminal transport measurements of MoS2 using a van der Waals heterostructure device platform.
Cui, Xu,Lee, Gwan-Hyoung,Kim, Young Duck,Arefe, Ghidewon,Huang, Pinshane Y,Lee, Chul-Ho,Chenet, Daniel A,Zhang, Xian,Wang, Lei,Ye, Fan,Pizzocchero, Filippo,Jessen, Bjarke S,Watanabe, Kenji,Taniguchi, Nature Pub. Group 2015 Nature nanotechnology Vol.10 No.6
<P>Atomically thin two-dimensional semiconductors such as MoS2 hold great promise for electrical, optical and mechanical devices and display novel physical phenomena. However, the electron mobility of mono- and few-layer MoS2 has so far been substantially below theoretically predicted limits, which has hampered efforts to observe its intrinsic quantum transport behaviours. Potential sources of disorder and scattering include defects such as sulphur vacancies in the MoS2 itself as well as extrinsic sources such as charged impurities and remote optical phonons from oxide dielectrics. To reduce extrinsic scattering, we have developed here a van der Waals heterostructure device platform where MoS2 layers are fully encapsulated within hexagonal boron nitride and electrically contacted in a multi-terminal geometry using gate-tunable graphene electrodes. Magneto-transport measurements show dramatic improvements in performance, including a record-high Hall mobility reaching 34,000???cm(2)???V(-1)???s(-1) for six-layer MoS2 at low temperature, confirming that low-temperature performance in previous studies was limited by extrinsic interfacial impurities rather than bulk defects in the MoS2. We also observed Shubnikov-de Haas oscillations in high-mobility monolayer and few-layer MoS2. Modelling of potential scattering sources and quantum lifetime analysis indicate that a combination of short-range and long-range interfacial scattering limits the low-temperature mobility of MoS2.</P>
Inositol pyrophosphates inhibit synaptotagmin-dependent exocytosis
Lee, Tae-Sun,Lee, Joo-Young,Kyung, Jae Won,Yang, Yoosoo,Park, Seung Ju,Lee, Seulgi,Pavlovic, Igor,Kong, Byoungjae,Jho, Yong Seok,Jessen, Henning J.,Kweon, Dae-Hyuk,Shin, Yeon-Kyun,Kim, Sung Hyun,Yoon, National Academy of Sciences 2016 PROCEEDINGS OF THE NATIONAL ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF Vol.113 No.29
<P>Inositol pyrophosphates such as 5-diphosphoinositol pentakisphosphate (5-IP7) are highly energetic inositol metabolites containing phosphoanhydride bonds. Although inositol pyrophosphates are known to regulate various biological events, including growth, survival, and metabolism, the molecular sites of 5-IP7 action in vesicle trafficking have remained largely elusive. We report here that elevated 5-IP7 levels, caused by overexpression of inositol hexakisphosphate (IP6) kinase 1 (IP6K1), suppressed depolarization-induced neurotransmitter release from PC12 cells. Conversely, IP6K1 depletion decreased intracellular 5-IP7 concentrations, leading to increased neurotransmitter release. Consistently, knockdown of IP6K1 in cultured hippocampal neurons augmented action potential-driven synaptic vesicle exocytosis at synapses. Using a FRET-based in vitro vesicle fusion assay, we found that 5-IP7, but not 1-IP7, exhibited significantly higher inhibitory activity toward synaptic vesicle exocytosis than IP6. Synaptotagmin 1 (Syt1), a Ca2+ sensor essential for synaptic membrane fusion, was identified as a molecular target of 5-IP7. Notably, 5-IP7 showed a 45-fold higher binding affinity for Syt1 compared with IP6. In addition, 5-IP7-dependent inhibition of synaptic vesicle fusion was abolished by increasing Ca2+ levels. Thus, 5-IP7 appears to act through Syt1 binding to interfere with the fusogenic activity of Ca2+. These findings reveal a role of 5-IP7 as a potent inhibitor of Syt1 in controlling the synaptic exocytotic pathway and expand our understanding of the signaling mechanisms of inositol pyrophosphates.</P>