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        Synthesis of branched geminal zwitterionic liquids as wettability modifiers in enhanced oil recovery processes

        J.F. Ramı´rez-Pe´ rez,R. Herna´ndez-Altamirano,J.M. Martı´nez-Magada´n,R. Cartas-Rosado,E. Soto-Castruita,R. Cisneros-Devora,L.A. Alca´ zar-Vara,R. Oviedo-Roa,V.Y. Mena-Cervantes,L.S. Zamudio-Rivera 한국공업화학회 2017 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.45 No.-

        A new class of branched geminal zwitterionic liquids (BGZLs) betaine base with a long alkyl chains witheither 8 (BGZL-ZW8) or 12 (BGZL-ZW12) carbons was synthesized and characterized by nuclearmagnetic resonance (NMR) and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopic techniques. The BGZLsmolecules presents functionality as viscosity reducer and wettability modifier with application inenhanced oil recovery (EOR) processes with good oil recovery factors (ORF). The above is demonstratedby performing spontaneous imbibition tests on embedded limestone cores with light and heavy crudeoils in Amott cells at high temperature (90 8C) and different concentrations of BGZLs in presence ofconnate water with high salinity and hardness (36,275 ppm as NaCl and 6700 ppm hardness as CaCO3). The rheological behavior of BGZLs was also determined as viscosity reducers in heavy crude oil atconcentrations of 2000, 1000 and 500 ppm at temperatures of 25 and 40 8C, in the range of 36.11% to25 8C and 43.31% to 40 8C. To explain the mechanism through BGZLs act as viscosity reducers, werealized theoretical studies using the density functional theory (DFT), also as wettability modifierstaking BGZL-ZW8 and BGZL-ZW12 behavior, observed in the experimental part. The interaction energiesshow that BGZLs can disaggregate asphaltene (Asph) dimmer (Asph:Asph) by the formation ofsupramolecular sandwich complex (Asph:BGZL:Asph) among BGZLs and Asph:Asph, modifying theproperties of crude oil such as viscosity, is possible to support the fact of the BGZLs can desorbs Asphmolecules of the rock surface, modifying the calcite surface (Cs) wettability of oil-wet to water-wet. Theresults of this research show that it is feasible the use of zwitterionic liquids as viscosity and wettabilitymodifier in EOR process.

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