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MAGNETIC FORCE MICROMANIPULATION SYSTEMS FOR THE BIOLOGICAL SCIENCES
R. SUPERFINE,J. K. FISHER,L. VICCI,J. CRIBB,E. T. O'BRIEN,R. M. TAYLOR II 성균관대학교(자연과학캠퍼스) 성균나노과학기술원 2006 NANO Vol.1 No.3
Manipulation systems using magnetic field gradients have the ability to apply a large range of forces noninvasively to a specific target. Depending on the requirements of a given experiment, the systems may be as simple as a single electromagnet for unidirectional manipulation or as complex as a high-frequency three-dimensional manipulator with force feedback. Here, we discuss the motivation for developing such systems, theory and design considerations, and give examples of the broad range of manipulators that has been put to use. In addition, we discuss a variety of applications demonstrating the range of experiments for which such a system is applicable.
Noh, Y.M.,Muller, D.,Shin, D.H.,Lee, H.,Jung, J.S.,Lee, K.H.,Cribb, M.,Li, Z.,Kim, Y.J. Pergamon Press ; Elsevier [distribution] 2009 Atmospheric environment Vol.43 No.4
Aerosol optical and microphysical parameters from severe haze events observed in October 2005 at Gwangju, Korea (35.10<SUP>o</SUP>N, 126.53<SUP>o</SUP>E) were determined from the ground using a multi-wavelength Raman lidar, a sunphotometer, and a real-time carbon particle analyzer and from space using satellite retrievals. Two different aerosol types were identified based on the variability of optical characteristics for different air mass conditions. Retrievals of microphysical properties of the haze from the Raman lidar indicated distinct light-absorbing characteristics for different haze aerosols originating from eastern and northern China (haze) and eastern Siberia (forest-fire smoke). The haze transported from the west showed moderately higher absorbing characteristics (SSA=0.90+/-0.03, 532nm) than from the northern direction (SSA=0.96+/-0.02). The organic/elemental carbon (OC/EC) ratio varied between 2.5+/-0.4 and 4.1+/-0.7.