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Phase equilibria behavior of carbon dioxide-n-hexane-naphthalene ternary system
Inas Muen AlNashef,Rasheed S. Al-Ameeri,Taher A. Al Sahhaf,Salah E. M. Hamam 한국화학공학회 2008 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.25 No.6
The ternary system CO2-n-hexane-naphthalene was studied to determine the bubble point pressure at three different temperatures (40, 60 and 80 oC) and a fixed n-hexane to naphthalene mole ratio of 9 : 1. The experimental data obtained were predicted by using the Peng-Robinson equation of state with two interaction parameters. The experimental and calculated bubble point pressures were generally in good agreement at the three temperatures and over the composition range investigated.
Emad Ali,Inas Alnashef,Abdelhamid Ajbar,Sarwono Mulyono,Hanee Farzana Hizaddin,Mohamed Kamel Hadj-Kali 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.11
1-Butyl-3-methylimidazolium tetrafluoroborate ([BMIM][BF4]) ionic liquid (IL) is considered for CO2capturing in a typical absorption/stripper process. The use of ionic liquids is considered to be cost-effective because it requires less energy for solvent recovery compared to other conventional processes. A mathematical model was developed for the process based on Peng-Robinson (PR) equation of state (EoS). The model was validated with experimental data for CO2 solubility in [BMIM][BF4]. The model is utilized to study the sorbent effect and energy demand for selected operating pressure at specific CO2 capturing rates. The energy demand is expressed by the vapor-liquid equilibrium temperature necessary to remove the captured CO2 from the spent solvent in the regeneration step. It is found that low recovery temperature can be achieved at specific pressure combination for the absorber/stripper units. In fact, the temperature requirement is less than that required by the typical monoethanolamine (MEA) solvent. The effect of the CO2 loading in the sorbent stream on the process performance is also examined.
Ionic liquids as novel surfactants for potential use in enhanced oil recovery
Mohammed Said Benzagouta,Inas Muen AlNashef,Wimpy Karnanda,Khalid Al-Khidir 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.11
The screening and use of benign chemicals for enhanced oil recovery (EOR) applications is important because of their properties and relationship to the embedded fluids. We investigated a special type of ionic liquids (ILs)called ‘‘Ammoeng” for potential use in surfactant EOR to replace the currently used surfactants that have many disadvantages. The interfacial tension (IFT) between a representative oil sample from Saudi reservoirs and solutions of AmmoengTM ILs at different concentrations in 10 wt% NaCl aqueous solutions were measured as a function of temperature. It was found that the IFT values decreased with the increase of IL concentration. However, the effect of temperature on the IFT depended on the type of IL. AmmoengTM 102 gave the lowest IFT values among the screened ILs. The comparison of the results to those resulting from TritonX100, a commercially used surfactant, showed that the IFT values using AmmoengTM 102 were smaller than the corresponding values when TritonX100 was used at the same conditions. The possibility of having a synergetic effect when using a mixture of AmmoengTM 102 and Triton X 100was also investigated. The results showed that the IFT values depended on the total concentration, the surfactant to IL mass ratio, and the temperature.
Treatment of industrial low grade palm oil via esterification reaction using sonoreactor
Adeeb Hayyan,Mohd Ali Hashim,Mohamed E.S. Mirghani,Maan Hayyan,Inas M. AlNashef 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4
In this study, the reduction of free fatty acid (FFA) in low grade palm oil (LGPO) was conducted at various sonication times, ranging from 30 to 300 min. Screening of various acids was reported and selected acid was considered for further study. The results found that strong acids such as sulfuric acid to be superior to other acids. The FFA content of LGPO decreased from 20% to less than 3%, using sulfuric acid at optimum conditions. Treated LGPO can be used as a new type of fuel for various applications such as biodiesel production.
Investigating the electrochemical windows of ionic liquids
Maan Hayyan,Farouq S. Mjalli,Mohd Ali Hashim,Inas M. AlNashef,Tan Xue Mei 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1
The structure effect on the electrochemical windows (EWs) was studied using cyclic voltammetry (CV) in 16 ionic liquids (ILs), consisting of various cations such as piperidinium, pyridinium, pyrrolidinium,phosphonium, morpholinium, ammonium, sulfonium and imidazolium, and anions including bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl)imide, tris(pentafluoroethyl)trifluorophosphate, dicyanamide, trifluoroacetate and trifluoromethanesulfonate. It was found that all studied ILs have good EWs to be utilized as electrolytes in different electrochemical applications pertaining to industry. Furthermore, it was found that the structure of ILs affected the EW and both the cation and anion have important effect on the reductive and oxidative limits, respectively. The reductive limits of the studied ILs were found to follow the sequence of [P14,666]+ > [N112,1O2]+ > [HMPyrr]+ > [BMPyrr]+ > [EMIm]+ > [MOEMMor]+≈[MOPMPip]+ > [S222]+ > [BMPy]+≈[HPy]+≈ [HPPy]+. The oxidative limits were found to follow the sequence of [TFSI]ˉ > [TPTP]ˉ > [TfO]ˉ > [DCA]ˉ > [TFA]ˉ. 2012 The Korean Society of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
Adeeb Hayyan,Mohd Ali Hashim,Mohamed Elwathig Saeed Mirghani,Maan Hayyan,Inas Muen AlNashef 한국화학공학회 2013 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.30 No.6
Trifluoromethanesulfonic acid (TFMSA) was used to reduce the high free fatty acids (FFA) content in sludge palm oil (SPO). The FFA content of SPO was converted to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) via esterification reaction. The treated sludge palm oil was used as a raw material for biodiesel production by transesterification process. Several working parameters were optimized, such as dosage of catalyst, molar ratio, reaction temperature and time. Less than 2% of the FFA content was the targeted value. The results showed that the FFA content of SPO was reduced from 16% to less than 2% using the optimum conditions. The yield of the final product after the alkaline transesterification was 84% with 0.07% FFA and the ester content was 96.7%. All other properties met the international standard specifications for biodiesel quality such as EN 14214 and ASTM D6751.