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Frustrated minority spins in GeNi<sub>2</sub>O<sub>4</sub>
Matsuda, M.,Chung, J.-H.,Park, S.,Sato, T. J.,Matsuno, K.,Aruga Katori, H.,Takagi, H.,Kakurai, K.,Kamazawa, K.,Tsunoda, Y.,Kagomiya, I.,Henley, C. L.,Lee, S.-H. Editions de Physique 2008 Europhysics letters Vol.82 No.3
<P>Recently, two consecutive phase transitions were observed, upon cooling, in an antiferromagnetic spinel GeNi<SUB>2</SUB>O<SUB>4</SUB> at <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>1</SUB>=12.1 K and <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>2</SUB>=11.4 K, respectively (Crawford M. K. <I>et al</I>., <I>Phys. Rev. B</I>, <B>68</B> (2003) 220408(R)). Using unpolarized and polarized elastic neutron scattering we show that the two transitions are due to the existence of frustrated minority spins in this compound. Upon cooling, at <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>1</SUB> the spins on the 〈111〉 kagome planes order ferromagnetically in the plane and antiferromagnetically between the planes (phase I), leaving the spins on the 〈111〉 triangular planes that separate the kagome planes frustrated and disordered. At the lower <I>T</I><SUB><I>N</I>2</SUB>, the triangular spins also order in the 〈111〉 plane (phase II). We also present a scenario involving exchange interactions that qualitatively explains the origin of the two purely magnetic phase transitions.</P>
Review and Prospect of Ferroelectricity and Magnetism in YMn2O5
Y. Noda,H. Kimura,I. Kagomiya,K. Kohn,N. Ikeda,S. Matumoto,T. Shobu,Y. Fukuda 한국물리학회 2003 THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN PHYSICAL SOCIETY Vol.42 No.IV
YMn2O5 undergoes ferroelectric successive phase transitions at 39 K and 19 K, in which a dielectric constant shows anomalies. Spontaneous polarization was also observed. Just above these ferroelectric phase transition temperatures, at 45 K, antiferromagnetic order occurs. Neutron elastic measurements and magnetic susceptibility measurements reveal that the ferroelectric phase transition at 39 K and 19 K occurs simultaneously with the change of magnetic ordering pattern. Review of experimental results and conjecture for the origin of spontaneous polarization are given.??