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Properties of Bacterial Cellulose and Its Nanocrystalline Obtained from Pineapple Peel Waste Juice
Budiman Anwar,Bunbun Bundjali,Yayan Sunarya,I Made Arcana 한국섬유공학회 2021 Fibers and polymers Vol.22 No.5
Bacterial cellulose is a type of biopolymers and has a magnitude of applications in food, paper, and textileindustries, and as a biomaterial in cosmetics and medicine. Whilst, nanocrystalline cellulose is a kind of renewable andbiocompatible nanomaterials that can find the vast application in biotechnology, medicine, and various technical areas. Bacterial cellulose and its nanocrystalline can be obtained by utilizing the agricultural waste. This work is focused on thecharacterization of bacterial cellulose and its nanocrystalline isolated from bacterial cellulose produced by using pineapplepeel waste juice as a culture medium. Fourier-transform infrared analysis toward the original bacterial cellulose andnanocrystalline cellulose indicated that both have the same chemical composition, however they have differences incrystallinity. The X-ray diffraction showed that both bacterial cellulose and nanocrystalline cellulose have a polymorphstructure of cellulose I. The original BC has more the allomorph structure of Iα with crystallinity index of 74 %, but afterhydrolysis process to become nanocrystalline cellulose has more the allomorph structure of Iβ with crystallinity index of89 %. The nanocrystalline cellulose has a morphology of needle-like structure, with an average diameter and length of 25±11and 325±182 nm, respectively. The thermal stability of nanocrystalline cellulose is found to be higher than the originalbacterial cellulose.