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RISS 인기검색어
- 검색키워드
- 저자 : Hazem S. Elshafie(Hazem S. Elshafie ) (검색결과 5 건)
- 무료
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Hazem S. Elshafie(Hazem S. Elshafie ),Ali Osman(Ali Osman ),Mahmoud M El-Saber(Mahmoud M El-Saber ),Ippolito Camele(Ippolito Camele ),Entsar Abbas(Entsar Abbas ) 한국식물병리학회 2023 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.39 No.3
Citrus black rot is a serious disease of citrus plants caused by Alternaria citri. The current study aimed to synthesize zinc oxide nanoparticles (ZnO-NPs) by chemically or green method and investigate their anti-fungal activity against A. citri. The sizes of synthesized as measured by transmission electron microscope of ZnO-NPs were 88 and 65 nm for chemical and green methods, respectively. The studied prepared ZnO-NPs were applied, in vitro and in situ, at different concen-trations (500, 1,000, and 2,000 μg/ml) in post-harvest treatment on navel orange fruits to verify the possible control effect against A. citri. Results of in vitro assay demonstrated that, at concentration 2,000 μg/ml, the green ZnO-NPs was able to inhibit about 61% of the fungal growth followed by 52% of chemical ZnO-NPs. In addition, scanning electron microscopy of A. citri treated in vitro with green ZnO-NPs showed swelling and deformation of conidia. Results showed also that, using a chemically and green ZnO-NPs at 2,000 μg/ml in situ in post-harvest treatment of orange, artificially-infected with A. citri, has reduced the disease severity to 6.92% and 9.23%, respectively, compared to 23.84% of positive control (non-treated fruits) after 20 days of storage. The out findings of this study may contribute to the development of a natural, effective, and eco-friendly strategy for eradicating harmful phytopatho-genic fungi.
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Hazem S. Elshafie,Shimaa Sakr,Stefania M. Mang,Sandra Belviso,Vincenzo De Feo,Ippolito Camele 한국식품영양과학회 2016 Journal of medicinal food Vol.19 No.11
There is a growing interest in essential oils (EOs) as possible alternatives for traditional chemical pesticides. This study was carried out to characterize the chemical composition of the three EOs extracted from Verbena officinalis, Majorana hortensis, and Salvia officinalis using gas chromatography (GC) and GC-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and to evaluate in vitro their efficacy against some phyto or human pathogens. The antifungal activity was investigated against Colletotrichum acutatum and Botrytis cinerea in comparison with Azoxystrobin as a large spectrum fungicide. Antibacterial activity was evaluated against Bacillus megaterium, Bacillus mojavensis, and Clavibacter michiganensis (G+ve) and Escherichia coli, Xanthomonas campestris, Pseudomonas savastanoi, and P. syringae pv. phaseolicola (G−ve) compared to a synthetic antibiotic tetracycline. Minimum inhibitory concentration was evaluated against the above tested fungi using 96-well microplate method. Results showed that the chemical structure of the three studied EOs was mainly composed of monoterpene compounds and all oils belong to the chemotype carvacrol/thymol. Results of GC analysis identified 64 compounds, which were identified based on their mass to charge ratio. Furthermore, the different concentrations of studied EOs inhibited the growth of tested microorganism in a dose-dependent manner.
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Hazem S. Elshafie,Emilia Mancini,Shimaa Sakr,Laura De Martino,Carlo Andrea Mattia,Vincenzo De Feo,Ippolito Camele 한국식품영양과학회 2015 Journal of medicinal food Vol.18 No.8
Plant essential oils (EOs) can potentially replace synthetic fungicides in the management of postharvest fruit and vegetable diseases. The aim of this study was to evaluate in vitro and in vivo effectiveness of thymol, carvacrol, linalool, and trans-caryophyllene, single constituents of the EO of Origanum vulgare L. ssp. hirtum against Monilinia laxa, M. fructigena, and M. fructicola, which are important phytopathogens and causal agents of brown rot of pome and stone fruits in pre- and postharvest. Moreover, the possible phytotoxic activity of these constituents was assessed and their minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was determined. In vitro experiment indicated that thymol and carvacrol possess the highest antifungal activity. Results of in vivo trials confirmed the strong efficacy of thymol and carvacrol against brown rot of peach fruits. The thymol MIC resulted to be 0.16 μg/μL against M. laxa and M. fructigena and 0.12 μg/μL against M. fructicola, whereas for carvacrol they were 0.02 μg/μL against the first two Monilinia species and 0.03 μg/μL against the third. Results of this study indicated that thymol and carvacrol could be used after suitable formulation for controlling postharvest fruit diseases caused by the three studied Monilinia species.
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Diversity Evaluation of Xylella fastidiosa from Infected Olive Trees in Apulia (Southern Italy)
Stefania M. Mang,Salvatore Frisullo,Hazem S. Elshafie,Ippolito Camele 한국식물병리학회 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.2
Olive culture is very important in the MediterraneanBasin. A severe outbreak of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome(OQDS) caused by Xylella fastidiosa infectionwas first noticed in 2013 on olive trees in the southernpart of Apulia region (Lecce province, southern Italy). Studies were carried out for detection and diversityevaluation of the Apulian strain of Xylella fastidiosa. The presence of the pathogen in olive samples wasdetected by PCR amplifying the 16S rDNA, gyrase Bsubunit (gyrB) and HL hypothetical protein genes andsingle nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) assessmentwas performed to genotype X. fastidiosa. Twelve SNPswere recorded over gyrB and six SNPs were found forHL gene. Less variations were detected on 16S rDNAgene. Only gyrB and HL provided sufficient informationfor dividing the Apulian X. fastidiosa olive strainsinto subspecies. Using HL nucleotide sequences waspossible to separate X. fastidiosa into subspecies paucaand fastidiosa. Whereas, nucleotide variation presenton gyrB gene allowed separation of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca from the other subspecies multiplex and fastidiosa. The X. fastidiosa strain from Apulia region wasincluded into the subspecies pauca based on three genesphylogenetic analyses.
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Diversity Evaluation of Xylella fastidiosa from Infected Olive Trees in Apulia (Southern Italy)
Mang, Stefania M.,Frisullo, Salvatore,Elshafie, Hazem S.,Camele, Ippolito The Korean Society of Plant Pathology 2016 Plant Pathology Journal Vol.32 No.2
Olive culture is very important in the Mediterranean Basin. A severe outbreak of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome (OQDS) caused by Xylella fastidiosa infection was first noticed in 2013 on olive trees in the southern part of Apulia region (Lecce province, southern Italy). Studies were carried out for detection and diversity evaluation of the Apulian strain of Xylella fastidiosa. The presence of the pathogen in olive samples was detected by PCR amplifying the 16S rDNA, gyrase B subunit (gyrB) and HL hypothetical protein genes and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) assessment was performed to genotype X. fastidiosa. Twelve SNPs were recorded over gyrB and six SNPs were found for HL gene. Less variations were detected on 16S rDNA gene. Only gyrB and HL provided sufficient information for dividing the Apulian X. fastidiosa olive strains into subspecies. Using HL nucleotide sequences was possible to separate X. fastidiosa into subspecies pauca and fastidiosa. Whereas, nucleotide variation present on gyrB gene allowed separation of X. fastidiosa subsp. pauca from the other subspecies multiplex and fastidiosa. The X. fastidiosa strain from Apulia region was included into the subspecies pauca based on three genes phylogenetic analyses.
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