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      • Single-step hydrothermally grown nanosheet-assembled tungsten oxide thin films for sensitive and selective NO2 gas detection

        Harale, N. S.,Dalavi, D. S.,Mali, Sawanta S.,Tarwal, N. L.,Vanalakar, S. A.,Rao, V. K.,Hong, Chang Kook,Kim, J. H.,Patil, P. S. Springer-Verlag 2018 JOURNAL OF MATERIALS SCIENCE - Vol.53 No.8

        <P>A well-organized tungsten oxide (WO3) nanosheet-assembled microbricks have been synthesized by the hydrothermal route at 180 A degrees C with the help of peroxy-tungstic acid sol. The as-synthesized thin films have been characterized for structural, morphological and compositional studies by using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and FT-Raman spectroscopy. The deposited WO3 thin films have been found to be polycrystalline in nature with the monoclinic crystal structure. The SEM micrographs revealed the formation of microbrick-like structure which was made up of two-dimensional (2D) nanosheets. The 2D nanosheets act as a nanobuilding blocks for the formation of microbricks. The gas-sensing performance of WO3 thin films was carried out for different gases, and it is observed that sensor exhibited maximum gas response towards Nitrogen dioxide (NO2) gas which is seven times higher than that of other gases at an operating temperature of 300 A degrees C over the concentration range of 5-100 ppm. WO3 microbricks sensor showed higher response about 11.5 and fast response-recovery characteristics towards NO2 gas, especially a much quicker gas response time of 16 s and recovery time of 260 s at 100 ppm.</P>

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        Modeling adsorption properties of structurally deformed metal–organic frameworks using structure–property map

        Jeong, WooSeok,Lim, Dae-Woon,Kim, Sungjune,Harale, Aadesh,Yoon, Minyoung,Suh, Myunghyun Paik,Kim, Jihan National Academy of Sciences 2017 Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences Vol.114 No.30

        <P>Structural deformation and collapse in metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) can lead to loss of long-range order, making it a challenge to model these amorphous materials using conventional computational methods. In this work, we show that a structure-property map consisting of simulated data for crystalline MOFs can be used to indirectly obtain adsorption properties of structurally deformed MOFs. The structure-property map (with dimensions such as Henry coefficient, heat of adsorption, and pore volume) was constructed using a large data set of over 12000 crystalline MOFs from molecular simulations. By mapping the experimental data points of deformed SNU-200, MOF-5, and Ni-MOF-74 onto this structure-property map, we show that the experimentally deformed MOFs share similar adsorption properties with their nearest neighbor crystalline structures. Once the nearest neighbor crystalline MOFs for a deformed MOF are selected from a structure-property map at a specific condition, then the adsorption properties of these MOFs can be successfully transformed onto the degraded MOFs, leading to a new way to obtain properties of materials whose structural information is lost.</P>

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        Gas sensing performance of the spray deposited Cd-ZnO thin films

        Tarwal, N.L.,Patil, A.R.,Harale, N.S.,Rajgure, A.V.,Suryavanshi, S.S.,Bae, W.R.,Patil, P.S.,Kim, J.H.,Jang, J.H. Elsevier Sequoia 2014 JOURNAL OF ALLOYS AND COMPOUNDS Vol.598 No.-

        <P>A simple and cost-effective spray pyrolysis technique was employed to deposit undoped and cadmium doped zinc oxide (Cd-ZnO) thin films onto the glass substrates and the deposited films were characterized for their structural, morphological and optical properties. The doping concentration was varied from 1 to 5 at.%. All the films showed the preferred orientation along (002) plane. However, the (002) plane was shifted towards the lower 2 theta values after Cd doping. The lattice parameters and texture coefficients were obtained by analyzing the XRD patterns. The band gap energies of the films were decreased with increase in Cd concentration. Moreover, the gas sensing properties of the Cd-ZnO films were investigated towards the reducing gases such as Liquefied petroleum gas (LPG), acetone, ethanol and ammonia. The cadmium dopant plays a vital role in fine tuning the physico-chemical properties and consequently gas sensitivity of the ZnO thin films. The sample with 2 at.% Cd doped ZnO (CZO2) showed the maximum gas sensitivity (87%) towards acetone at 325 degrees C with faster response and recovery time periods of 6 s and 23 s, respectively. (C) 2014 Elsevier B. V. All rights reserved.</P>

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        Chemically synthesized PbS Nano particulate thin films for a rapid NO<sub>2</sub> gas sensor

        Burungale, Vishal V.,Devan, Rupesh S.,Pawar, Sachin A.,Harale, Namdev S.,Patil, Vithoba L.,Rao, V. K.,Ma, Yuan-Ron,Eun Ae, Jo,Kim, Jin H.,Patil, Pramod S. De Gruyter 2016 MATERIALS SCIENCE -WROCLAW- Vol.34 No.1

        <P><B>Abstract</B></P><P>Rapid NO<SUB>2</SUB>gas sensor has been developed based on PbS nanoparticulate thin films synthesized by Successive Ionic Layer Adsorption and Reaction (SILAR) method at different precursor concentrations. The structural and morphological properties were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction and field emission scanning electron microscope. NO<SUB>2</SUB>gas sensing properties of PbS thin films deposited at different concentrations were tested. PbS film with 0.25 M precursor concentration showed the highest sensitivity. In order to optimize the operating temperature, the sensitivity of the sensor to 50 ppm NO<SUB>2</SUB>gas was measured at different operating temperatures, from 50 to 200<SUP>°</SUP>C. The gas sensitivity increased with an increase in operating temperature and achieved the maximum value at 150<SUP>°</SUP>C, followed by a decrease in sensitivity with further increase of the operating temperature. The sensitivity was about 35 % for 50 ppm NO<SUB>2</SUB>at 150<SUP>°</SUP>C with rapid response time of 6 s. T90 and T10 recovery time was 97 s at this gas concentration.</P>

      • Sensitive and selective NO<sub>2</sub> gas sensor based on WO<sub>3</sub> nanoplates

        Shendage, S.S.,Patil, V.L.,Vanalakar, S.A.,Patil, S.P.,Harale, N.S.,Bhosale, J.L.,Kim, J.H.,Patil, P.S. Elsevier Sequoia 2017 Sensors and actuators. B, Chemical Vol.240 No.-

        Gas sensors based on a chemiresistive metal oxide semiconductor are widely used including nitrogen dioxide (NO<SUB>2</SUB>) at a moderate temperature. In this work efforts are taken to fabricate NO<SUB>2</SUB> gas sensor using thin films of tungsten oxide (WO<SUB>3</SUB>) grown directly on to a soda-lime glass substrate without assistance of any seed layer by a simple and a facile hydrothermal technique. As per our knowledge, the deposition of nanostructured WO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films without assistance of any seed layer on the glass substrate was rarely reported. The WO<SUB>3</SUB> thin film samples were synthesized at various deposition times ranging from 3h to 7h and were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Raman spectroscopy, field emission scanning electron microscopy, transmission electron microscopy, UV-vis spectroscopy and Brunauer-Emmett-Teller techniques. The surface morphological and structural characterization showed the two dimensional (2D) nanoplate-like structure of as synthesized WO<SUB>3</SUB> thin films with plate thickness ranging from 90 to 150nm and had an orthorhombic structure, respectively. Moreover, the 2D nanoplates of WO<SUB>3</SUB> exhibited a gas response ~10 for 5ppm for toxic NO<SUB>2</SUB> gas at relatively low operating temperature. The new synthesis route and sensing behavior of as synthesized WO<SUB>3</SUB> nanoplates revealed a promising candidate for the fabrication of the cost effective gas sensors.

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