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        Changes in phenolic acids, flfl avonoids, anthocyanins, and antioxidant activities of Mahonia aquifolium berries during fruit development and elucidation of the phenolic biosynthetic pathway

        Hacer Coklar,Mehmet Akbulut 한국원예학회 2021 Horticulture, Environment, and Biotechnology Vol.62 No.5

        It is important to determine the most suitable ripening period of fruit regarding bioactive compounds for evaluating as anindustrial and in human nutrition. The aims of this study were to determine the changes in non-anthocyanin phenolics, anthocyanins,and antioxidant activity of Mahonia aquifolium fruit throughout ripening and to determine the biosynthetic pathwayof the phenolic compounds. The fruit was collected from shrubs at 10 diff erent ripening stages between June 21 and August17, 2016. The samples were analyzed for individual anthocyanins, non-anthocyanin phenolics, and antioxidant activity. There were signifi cant decreases in gentisic, chlorogenic, p -coumaric, ferulic acids, rutin, and isorhamnetin 3- O -glucosideand increases in protocatechuic, syringic acid, caff eic acid, myricetin, and luteolin. The concentrations of delphinidin-3- O -glucoside, cyanidin-3- O -glucoside, and pelargonidin-3- O -glucoside rose progressively from the beginning to the end ofripening, while decreases occurred from the 6th stage in the amounts of malvidin-3- O -glucoside, peonidin-3- O -glucoside,cyanidin-3- O -rutinoside, and delphinidin-3- O -rutinoside. A decrease followed by an increase in the antioxidant activityindicated that the phenolic profi le of the fruit changed toward the end of ripening, including for the compounds with higherantioxidant potential. In this study, the most suitable harvesting period for Mahonia berries was determined

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