Principal component analysis-artificial neural network and genetic algorithm optimization for removal of reactive orange 12 by copper sulfide nanoparticles-activated carbon

M. Ghaedi,A.M. Ghaedi,F. Abdi,M. Roosta,R. Sahraei,A. Daneshfar 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.3

In this study a green approach described for the synthesis of copper sulfide nanoparticles loaded onactivated carbon (CuS-NP-AC) and usability of it for the removal of reactive orange 12 (RO-12). Thismaterial was characterized using instruments such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and X-raydiffraction (XRD). The effects of variables were optimized using Principal component analysis-artificialneural network (PCA-ANN). Fitting the experimental equilibrium data shows the suitability of theLangmuir isotherm. The small amount of proposed adsorbent (0.017 g) is applicable for successfulremoval of RO-12 (RE > 95%) in short time (31.09 min) with high adsorption capacity (96.9 mg g-1)

Least square-support vector (LS-SVM) method for modeling of methylene blue dye adsorption using copper oxide loaded on activated carbon: Kinetic and isotherm study

M. Ghaedi,A.M. Ghaedi,M. Hossainpour,A. Ansari,M. H. Habibi,A.R. Asghari 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

A multiple linear regression (MLR) model and least square support vector regression (LS-SVM) model with principal component analysis (PCA) was used for preprocessing to predict the efficiency of methylene blue adsorption onto copper oxide nanoparticle loaded on activated carbon (CuO-NP-AC) based on experimental data set achieved in batch study. The PCA-LSSVM model indicated higher predictive capability than linear method with coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.97 and 0.92 for the training and testing data set, respectively. Firstly, the novel nanoparticles including copper oxide as low cost, non-toxic, safe and reusable adsorbent was synthesized in our laboratory with a simple and routine procedure. Subsequently, this new material properties such as surface functional group, homogeneity and pore size distribution was identified by FT-IR, SEM and BET analysis. The methylene blue (MB) removal and adsorption onto the CuO-NP-AC was investigated and the influence of variables such as initial pH and MB concentration, contact time, amount of adsorbent and pH, and temperature was investigated. The results of examination of the time on experimental adsorption data and fitting the data to conventional kinetic model show the suitability of pseudo-second order and intraparticle diffusion model. Evaluation of the experimental equilibrium data by Langmuir, Tempkin, Freundlich and Dubinin Radushkevich (D-R) isotherm explore that Langmuir is superior to other model for fitting the experimental data in term of higher correlation coefficient and lower error analysis.

Random forest model for removal of bromophenol blue using activated carbon obtained from Astragalus bisulcatus tree

M. Ghaedi,A.M. Ghaedi,E. Negintaji,A. Ansari,A. Vafaei,M. Rajabi 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

In this research, activated carbon (AC) simply was prepared from a local, abundant tree in south of Iran. The AC with low cost and toxicity is a good candidate for bromophenol blue (BPB) removal from aqueous media. The AC with nano scale pore diameter is applicable for this dye removal following optimization of the influence of various parameters including contact time, pH, initial dye concentration and amount of adsorbent. Subsequently, experimental data was analyzed by four kinetic models including pseudo first and second-order, Elovich and the intraparticle diffusion equations and subsequently their respective parameters such as rate constants, equilibrium adsorption capacities and correlation coefficients was investigated and based on well known criterion their applicability was judged. The result shows that adsorption of BPB onto proposed adsorbent at all conditions such as versatile adsorbent dosages and initial BPB concentrations sufficiently described by the combination of the pseudo second-order equation and interparticle diffusion model. It was found that equilibrium rate of the BPB adsorption at various adsorbent dosage well fitted by Langmuir. Investigation of experimental result by two approaches (multiple linear regressions (MLR) and random forest (RF)) models show that RF is a powerful tool for prediction of BPB adsorption by activated carbon obtained from Astragalus bisulcatus tree. The optimal tuning parameters for RF model are obtained based on the ntree = 100, mtry = 2. For the training data set, the MSE values of 0.0006 and the coefficient of determination (R2) values of 0.9895 for RF model and the MSE value of 0.0104 and the R2 value of 0.823 for MLR model are obtained.

Artificial neural network – Imperialist competitive algorithm based optimization for removal of sunset yellow using Zn(OH)2 nanoparticles-activated carbon

M. Ghaedi,A.M. Ghaedi,E. Negintaji,A. Ansari,F. Mohammadi 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.6

The effects of variables were modeled using multiple linear regressions (MLR) and artificial neuralnetwork (ANN) and the variables were optimized by imperialist competitive algorithm (ICA). Comparison of the results obtained using introduced models indicated the ANN model is better thanthe MLR model for the prediction of sunset yellow removal using zinc oxide nanoparticles-activatedcarbon. The coefficient of determination (R2) and mean squared error (MSE) for the optimal ANN modelwith 9 neurons at hidden layer were obtained to be 0.9782 and 0.0013, respectively. A nano-scaleadsorbents namely as Zn(OH)2 was synthesized and subsequently loaded with AC. Then, this newmaterial efficiently applied for sunset yellow (SY) removal, from aqueous solutions in batch process. Firstly the adsorbent were characterized and identified by XRD, FESEM and BET. Unique properties suchas high surface area (>1308 m2/g) and low pore size (<20A˚ ) and average particle size lower than 45.8A˚in addition to intrinsic properties of nano-scale material high surface reactive atom and the presence ofvarious functional groupsmake it possible for efficient removal of (SY). The effects of adsorbent dose, pH,initial SY concentration and contact time were optimized. Fitting the experimental data of adsorptionover time in the range of 30 min to various models show the suitability of second-order and intraparticlediffusion models for the prediction of removal rate and their parameters (R2 > 0.999). The factorscontrolling adsorption process were also calculated and discussed. Equilibrium data fitted well with theLangmuir model at all amount of adsorbent with maximum adsorption capacity of 158.7 mg g-1.

Preconcentration and Extraction of Copper on Activated Carbon Using 4-Amino-2, 3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline or 4-(4-methoxybenzylidenimin) thiophenole

Ghaedi, Mehrorang,Ahmadi, Farshid,Karimi, Hajir,Gharaghani, Shiva Korean Chemical Society 2006 대한화학회지 Vol.50 No.1

원자흡수분광법을 사용하여 실제 시료 중의 구리를 예비 농축하고 정량하는데 활성탄 변형법을 사용하였다. 구리 이온을 4-amino-2,3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline(ADMPP) 또는 4-(4-methoxybenzylidenimin)thiophenole (MBITP)과 착물을 형성시켜 활성탄에 정량적으로 흡착시키고, 고체상에 흡착된 구리를 소량의 질산을 사용하여 정량적으로 용리시켰다. 최대 회수율을 얻는데 있어서 중요한 pH, 운반체의 양, 흐름속도, 활성탄의 양, 용리제의 종류 및 농도와 같은 파라미터의 영향을 조사하였다. 최적 조건에서 ADMPP와 MBITP를 사용하는 이 방법은 0.05-1.5g mL1 and 0.05-1.2g mL1의 구리 농도 범위에서 각각 상관계수 0.9997 및 0.9994의 선형성을 보이며 검출한계는 1.4 ng mL1 였다. 예비 농축의 농축인자는 310에 이르며 돌파부피는 두 리간드에서 모두 1550 mL였다. 이 방법은 방해 이온에 대한 공차한계와 선택성이 좋아서 수돗물, 샘물, 강물 및 폐수와 같은 실제 시료 중의 구리 함량을 정량하는 데 성공적으로 사용되었다. carbon modified methods were used for the preconcentration and determination of copper in some real samples using the flame atomic absorption spectrometry. The copper ions was adsorbed quantitatively on the activated carbon due to their complexation with 4- amino-2, 3-dimethyl-1-phenyl-3-pyrazoline (ADMPP) or 4-(4- methoxybenzylidenimin) thiophenole (MBITP). The adsorbed copper on solid phase was eluted quantitatively using small amount of nitric acid. The influence of important parameters including pH, amount of carrier, flow rate, amount of activated carbon and type and concentration of eluting agent for obtaining maximum recovery were investigated. The methods based on ADMPP and MBITP at optimum conditions is linear over concentration range of 0.05-1.5 g mL-1 and 0.05-1.2 g mL-1 of copper with correlation coefficient of 0.9997 and 0.9994 and both detection limit of 1.4 ng mL-1, respectively. The preconcentration leads to enrichment factor of 310 and break through volume of 1550 mL for both ligands. The method has a good tolerance limit of interfering ion and a selectivity that has been successfully applied for the determination of copper content in real sample such as tap, spring, river and waste water.

Artificial neural network-genetic algorithm based optimization for the adsorption of phenol red (PR) onto gold and titanium dioxide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon

M. Ghaedi,A. Daneshfar,A. Ahmadi,M.S. Momeni 한국공업화학회 2015 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.21 No.1

The artificial neural network (ANN) model based on application of Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm(LMA) composed of linear transfer function (purelin) at output layer and tangent sigmoid transferfunction (tansig) at hidden layer with 15 and 19 neurons for Au-NP-AC and TiO2-NP-AC, respectively wasapplied for optimization and prediction of adsorption system behavior. The judgment about applicabilityof this model was criterion such as mean squared error (MSE) (3.19e 04) and coefficient of determination(R2) 0.9962 were found for removal efficiency of Au-NP-AC. For TiO2-NP-AC, the obtained values for MSEand R2 were 0.0022 and 0.9729, respectively. It was seen that a good agreement between theexperimental data and predicted values based on ANNmodel was found. The novel approximately greenadsorbents with unique advantages such as low cost, locally available and relatively new are applicablefor the removal of dyes from aqueous solutions. The optimization has been carried out by fitting theexperimental parameters including initial pH, dye concentration, sorbent dosage and contact time toANN. At initial pH lower than 2 the removal percentage and adsorption of dye on both adsorbent wascomplete that suggest and confirm their suitability for removal of this dye from complicated realmatrices. The isothermal data for adsorption followed the Freundlich and Langmuir models with highmonolayer adsorption capacity in short time that confirm their applicability and suggest their attractivecandidates for removal of under study dye.

Application of activated carbon as adsorbents for efficient removal of methylene blue: Kinetics and equilibrium study

M. Ghaedi,A. Golestani Nasab,S. Khodadoust,M. Rajabi,S. Azizian 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

In this study, activated carbon (AC) as novel adsorbent was prepared from low cost and locally available source such as peanut sticks wood. The surface properties of this new adsorbent were identified with various techniques such as FT-IR, BET and SEM analysis. The pore size of this new adsorbent was lower than 20 nm and with high Langmuir absorption capacity. Subsequently, the activated carbon (AC) was applied for the removal of methylene blue (MB) from aqueous solutions. It was found that removal percentage significantly depend to the level of initial solution pH and dye concentration, temperature and adsorption time. In all stages, the variables effect was studied by one at a time method. Among the various conventional isotherm models, Langmuir–Freundlich is more suitable for analyzing the explanation data. The calculated thermodynamic parameters indicate the entropy-driven and endothermic nature of MB removal process. The experimental data at various times was evaluated and modeled by different kinetic equation such as pseudo-first order, pseudo-second order, Elovich and intraparticle diffusion models according to correlation coefficient, it was found that the kinetic data follow the Elovich equation.

Comparison of the influence of nanomaterials on response properties of copper selective electrodes

Mehrorang Ghaedi,Morteza Montazerozohori,Reza Sahraei 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.4

Novel Cu2+ ion selective electrode in carbon paste matrices based on incorporation of bis(2-hydroxynaphthaldehydene)-1,6-hexanediamine (BHNHDA) has been developed. The influence of variables including sodium tetraphenylborate (NaTPB), ionophore, and amount of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT) and Nujol and effect of two new nanoparticles including gold nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (Au-NP-AC) and zinc sulfide nanoparticles loaded on activated carbon (ZnS-NP-AC)on the electrodes response was studied and optimized. At optimum specified conditions, the proposed electrodes have appropriate advantages such as short response times and suitable reproducibility and applicability for a period of at least 1 month without any significant divergence in slope and response properties. The sensor based on impregnations of MWCNT, Au-NP-AC and ZnS-NP-AC have wide linear range of concentration (6 x 10-8–1.0 x 10-1 mol L-1) and detection limit of lower than 4 x 10-8 mol L-1of Cu2+ ion. The electrodes based on incorporation of Au-NP-AC and ZnS-NP-AC have Nernstian response with slope of 29.34 ± 1.41 and 29.78 ± 1.23 mV decade-1 and response is independent of pH in the range of 2.0–5.0. Finally, these electrodes have been successfully applied for the determination of Cu2+ ions content in various real samples. Due to their acceptable selectivity coefficient, they are usable for accurate and successful evaluation of Cu2+ ions content in various real sample with complicated matrices.

Saccharomyces cerevisiae for the biosorption of basic dyes from binary component systems and the high order derivative spectrophotometric method for simultaneous analysis of Brilliant green and Methylene blue

Mehrorang Ghaedi,Shaaker Hajati,Behnaz Barazesh,Farahnaz Karimi,Gholamreza Ghezelbash 한국공업화학회 2013 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.19 No.1

In this work, biosorption of Brilliant green (BG) and Methylene blue (MB) dyes in binary mixture onto Saccharomyces cerevisiae were studied. pH at which the biosorption capacity of biomass is maximum was found to be 6 which is close to the pH of natural aqueous solutions. This is a big advantage of S. cerevisiae which makes it applicable for the technology of dye removal from natural aqueous dye solutions. Note that the time for the applied biosorption process for the dye removal is considerably short (about 5 min)which is a big improvement for the adsorption processes. This proves that the S. cerevisiae is a promising adsorbent. The BG and MB dyes were simultaneously analyzed using the fifth and fourth order derivative spectrophotometric method, respectively. Several isotherm models were applied to experimental data and the isotherm constants were calculated for BG and MB dyes. Among the applied models, Freundlich isotherm model showed best fit to the biosorption equilibrium data.

Acceleration of methylene blue adsorption onto activated carbon prepared from dross licorice by ultrasonic: Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies

M. Ghaedi,M. Danaei Ghazanfarkhani,S. Khodadoust,N. Sohrabi,M. Oftade 한국공업화학회 2014 Journal of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry Vol.20 No.4

Adsorption of methylene blue (MB) onto activated carbon (AC) prepared from dross licorice as adsorbent was studied following full AC characterization by FT-IR spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy and BET (Brunauer, Emmett, and Teller). The effects of variables were studied and optimized by a central composite design (CCD) combined with response surface methodology (RSM) and desirability function (DF). The good agreement between experimental and predicted data at optimum values of all variables was explored. The optimum condition set as follow: 20 mg L-1 of MB concentration, pH 7 for sample solution, 0.20 g of AC and 16 min sonication as mass transfer process. The small amount of proposed adsorbent (0.2 g) was applicable for removal of MB (RE > 95%) at 16 min with high adsorption capacity (82.9 mg g-1).