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Arbuscular mycorrhizal symbiosis and abiotic stress in plants: A review
Arafat Abdel Hamed Abdel Latef,Abeer Hashem,Saiema Rasool,Elsayed Fathi Abd_Allah,Alqarawi A.A,Dilfuza Egamberdieva,Sumira Jan,Naser A. Anjum,Parvaiz Ahmad 한국식물학회 2016 Journal of Plant Biology Vol.59 No.5
Abiotic stresses (such as salinity, drought, cold, heat, mineral deficiency and metals/metalloids) have become major threats to the global agricultural production. These stresses in isolation and/or combination control plant growth, development and productivity by causing physiological disorders, ion toxicity, and hormonal and nutritional imbalances. Some soil microorganisms like arbuscular mycorhizal fungi (AMF) inhabit the rhizosphere and develop a symbiotic relationship with the roots of most plant species. AMF can significantly improve resistance of host plants to varied biotic and abiotic stresses. Taking into account recent literature, this paper: (a) overviews major abiotic stresses and introduces the arbuscular mycorrhizae symbiosis (b) appraises the role and underlying major mechanisms of AMF in plant tolerance to major abiotic stresses including salinity, drought, temperature regimes (cold and heat), nutrient-deficiency, and metal/metalloids; (c) discusses major molecular mechanisms potentially involved in AMF-mediated plant-abiotic stress tolerance; and finally (d) highlights major aspects for future work in the current direction.
Balachandran Chellapandian,Anbalagan Sankarappan,Kandeepan Chithan,Arun Nagendran Natarajan,Jayakumar Manickkam,Fathi Abd_Allah Elsayed,Alqarawi Abdulaziz A.,Hashem Abeer,Kathirvelu Baskar 한국응용곤충학회 2021 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.24 No.3
Mosquitoes are medically important insects worldwide. They serve as a primary vector for transmitting several major diseases like dengue and chikungunya, chiefly spread through Aedes aegypti, a prominent mosquito vector. The present study focused on evaluating the inhibitory effect of natural alkaloids on the acetylcholinesterase present in Ae. aegypti using molecular docking studies. A total of 25 different alkaloids were selected as ligands and their docking ability with an Acetylcholinesterase 1 (AChE1) recept or found in Ae. aegypti was performed by AutoDock. Results indicated that alpha-solanine had the best fit into the AChE1 binding pocket with a minimum binding energy of − 8.13 kJ/mol. Among the different alkaloids tested, it is suggested that alpha-solanine would serve as the best inhibitor of AChE1 in Ae. aegypti.