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Multiscale temporal neural dynamics predict performance in a complex sensorimotor task
Samek, Wojciech,Blythe, Duncan A.J.,Curio, Gabriel,Mü,ller, Klaus-Robert,Blankertz, Benjamin,Nikulin, Vadim V. Elsevier 2016 NeuroImage Vol.141 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Ongoing neuronal oscillations are pivotal in brain functioning and are known to influence subjects' performance. This modulation is usually studied on short time scales whilst multiple time scales are rarely considered. In our study we show that Long-Range Temporal Correlations (LRTCs) estimated from the amplitude of EEG oscillations over a range of time-scales predict performance in a complex sensorimotor task, based on Brain-Computer Interfacing (BCI). Our paradigm involved eighty subjects generating covert motor responses to dynamically changing visual cues and thus controlling a computer program through the modulation of neuronal oscillations. The neuronal dynamics were estimated with multichannel EEG. Our results show that: (a) BCI task accuracy may be predicted on the basis of LRTCs measured during the preceding training session, and (b) this result was not due to signal-to-noise ratio of the ongoing neuronal oscillations. Our results provide direct empirical evidence in addition to previous theoretical work suggesting that scale-free neuronal dynamics are important for optimal brain functioning.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> Functional relevance of Long-Range Temporal Correlations (LRTCs) was investigated. </LI> <LI> LRTCs were measured with EEG during complex sensorimotor task. </LI> <LI> Alpha-band LRTCs predicted task performance. </LI> <LI> Power-law neuronal dynamics are likely to be beneficial for brain functioning. </LI> </UL> </P>
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Toward a Direct Measure of Video Quality Perception Using EEG
Scholler, S.,Bosse, S.,Treder, M. S.,Blankertz, B.,Curio, G.,Muller, Klaus-Robert,Wiegand, T. IEEE 2012 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON IMAGE PROCESSING - Vol.21 No.5
<P>An approach to the direct measurement of perception of video quality change using electroencephalography (EEG) is presented. Subjects viewed 8-s video clips while their brain activity was registered using EEG. The video signal was either uncompressed at full length or changed from uncompressed to a lower quality level at a random time point. The distortions were introduced by a hybrid video codec. Subjects had to indicate whether they had perceived a quality change. In response to a quality change, a positive voltage change in EEG (the so-called P3 component) was observed at latency of about 400-600 ms for all subjects. The voltage change positively correlated with the magnitude of the video quality change, substantiating the P3 component as a graded neural index of the perception of video quality change within the presented paradigm. By applying machine learning techniques, we could classify on a single-trial basis whether a subject perceived a quality change. Interestingly, some video clips wherein changes were missed (i.e., not reported) by the subject were classified as quality changes, suggesting that the brain detected a change, although the subject did not press a button. In conclusion, abrupt changes of video quality give rise to specific components in the EEG that can be detected on a single-trial basis. Potentially, a neurotechnological approach to video assessment could lead to a more objective quantification of quality change detection, overcoming the limitations of subjective approaches (such as subjective bias and the requirement of an overt response). Furthermore, it allows for real-time applications wherein the brain response to a video clip is monitored while it is being viewed.</P>
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Objective quality assessment of stereoscopic images with vertical disparity using EEG
Avarvand, Forooz Shahbazi,Bosse, Sebastian,Mü,ller, Klaus-Robert,Schä,fer, Ralf,Nolte, Guido,Wiegand, Thomas,Curio, Gabriel,Samek, Wojciech IOP 2017 Journal of neural engineering Vol.14 No.4
<P> <I>Objective</I>. Neurophysiological correlates of vertical disparity in 3D images are studied in an objective approach using EEG technique. These disparities are known to negatively affect the quality of experience and to cause visual discomfort in stereoscopic visualizations. <I>Approach</I>. We have presented four conditions to subjects: one in 2D and three conditions in 3D, one without vertical disparity and two with different vertical disparity levels. Event related potentials (ERPs) are measured for each condition and the differences between ERP components are studied. Analysis is also performed on the induced potentials in the time frequency domain. <I>Main results</I>. Results show that there is a significant increase in the amplitude of P1 components in 3D conditions in comparison to 2D. These results are consistent with previous studies which have shown that P1 amplitude increases due to the depth perception in 3D compared to 2D. However the amplitude is significantly smaller for maximum vertical disparity (3D-3) in comparison to 3D with no vertical disparity. Our results therefore suggest that the vertical disparity in 3D-3 condition decreases the perception of depth compared to other 3D conditions and the amplitude of P1 component can be used as a discriminative feature. <I>Significance</I>. The results show that the P1 component increases in amplitude due to the depth perception in the 3D stimuli compared to the 2D stimulus. On the other hand the vertical disparity in the stereoscopic images is studied here. We suggest that the amplitude of P1 component is modulated with this parameter and decreases due to the decrease in the perception of depth.</P>
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EEG-based usability assessment of 3D shutter glasses
Wenzel, Markus A,Schultze-Kraft, Rafael,Meinecke, Frank C,Fabien Cardinaux,Kemp, Thomas,Klaus-Robert Mü,ller,Gabriel Curio,Benjamin Blankertz IOP 2016 Journal of neural engineering Vol.13 No.1
<P> <I>Objective.</I> Neurotechnology can contribute to the usability assessment of products by providing objective measures of neural workload and can uncover usability impediments that are not consciously perceived by test persons. In this study, the neural processing effort imposed on the viewer of 3D television by shutter glasses was quantified as a function of shutter frequency. In particular, we sought to determine the critical shutter frequency at which the ‘neural flicker’ vanishes, such that visual fatigue due to this additional neural effort can be prevented by increasing the frequency of the system. <I>Approach.</I> Twenty-three participants viewed an image through 3D shutter glasses, while multichannel electroencephalogram (EEG) was recorded. In total ten shutter frequencies were employed, selected individually for each participant to cover the range below, at and above the threshold of flicker perception. The source of the neural flicker correlate was extracted using independent component analysis and the flicker impact on the visual cortex was quantified by decoding the state of the shutter from the EEG. <I>Main Result.</I> Effects of the shutter glasses were traced in the EEG up to around 67?Hz—about 20?Hz over the flicker perception threshold—and vanished at the subsequent frequency level of 77?Hz. <I>Significance.</I> The impact of the shutter glasses on the visual cortex can be detected by neurotechnology even when a flicker is not reported by the participants. <I>Potential impact.</I> Increasing the shutter frequency from the usual 50?Hz or 60?Hz to 77?Hz reduces the risk of visual fatigue and thus improves shutter-glass-based 3D usability.</P>
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