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Water Saving Irrigation Standard of Tomato in Greenhouse
Eom, Ki-Cheol,Lee, Byung-Kook,Koh, Mun-Hwan,Eom, Ho-Yong,Sonn, Yeun-Kyu 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.5
The Average daily PET (Potential evapotranspiration), evaluated based on the last 30 years meteorological data and the lysimeter experiment carried out by RDA during 11 years, of 9 regions in Korea for the tomato cultivated in greenhouse, was $3.41mm\;day^{-1}$. Two kinds of water saving irrigation standard (WSIS), deficit irrigation standard (DIS) and partial root-zone drying irrigation standard (PRDIS) that include the irrigation interval and the amount of irrigation water according to the region, soil texture and growing stage, were established. According to the DIS and PRDIS, the cultivator can save water up to 29.2% and 53.7%, respectively, for tomato cultivation in greenhouse compared to the full irrigation standard (FIS) which established in 1999. WSIS can be used easily by the cultivator without complicate procedures such as soil sampling and measurement of soil water status by expensive sensors. But the cultivator should care about irrigation method such as PRDI (partial root-zone drying irrigation) without yield decrease.
Water Saving Irrigation Standard of Tomato in Greenhouse
Ki-Cheol Eom,Byung-Kook Lee,Mun-Hwan Koh,Ho-Yong Eom,Yeun-Kyu Sonn 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.5
The Average daily PET (Potential evapotranspiration), evaluated based on the last 30 years meteorological data and the lysimeter experiment carried out by RDA during 11 years, of 9 regions in Korea for the tomato cultivated in greenhouse, was 3.41mm day<SUP>-1</SUP>. Two kinds of water saving irrigation standard (WSIS), deficit irrigation standard (DIS) and partial root-zone drying irrigation standard (PRDIS) that include the irrigation interval and the amount of irrigation water according to the region, soil texture and growing stage, were established. According to the DIS and PRDIS, the cultivator can save water up to 29.2% and 53.7%, respectively, for tomato cultivation in greenhouse compared to the full irrigation standard (FIS) which established in 1999. WSIS can be used easily by the cultivator without complicate procedures such as soil sampling and measurement of soil water status by expensive sensors. But the cultivator should care about irrigation method such as PRDI (partial root-zone drying irrigation) without yield decrease.
Eom, Seung Hun,Kim, Hee Su,Do, Hee Jin,Lee, Un-Hak,Wibowo, Febrian Tri Adhi,Hwang, Do-Hoon,Yoon, Sung Cheol,Jung, In Hwan Elsevier 2018 Dyes and pigments Vol.156 No.-
<P><B>Abstract</B></P> <P>Perylene diimide (PDI) based high bandgap acceptors, DTBTP, DTF2BTP, and DTF2TZP, are synthesized for use in fullerene-free organic solar cells. The two PDI rings are connected to the end of the n-type core, forming a PDI-n-type core-PDI structure. Several n-type core materials, 4,7-dithieno-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DTBT), 5,6-difluoro-4,7-dithieno-2,1,3-benzothiadiazole (DTF2BT), and 4,6-difluoro-2H-benzo[d][1,2,3]triazole (DTF2TZ), are incorporated in the PDI acceptors and the n-type core effect on photovoltaic properties is studies. The introduction of alkyl side chains onto the core structure weakened the intermolecular interaction, whereas fluorination of the core structure improved the backbone planarity and intermolecular ordering. DTF2BTP having a planar core structure without bulky alkyl chains yielded the best power conversion efficiency, 4.41%, when mixed with PTB7-Th donor. The n-type core structure was beneficial in terms of increasing the electron accepting properties and the absorption in the high bandgap region of non-fullerene acceptors.</P> <P><B>Highlights</B></P> <P> <UL> <LI> We synthesized novel n-type core incorporated perylene diimide (PDI) acceptors. </LI> <LI> Panchromatic absorption was achieved via high bandgap PDI acceptors and a low bandgap donor, PTB7-Th. </LI> <LI> The n-type core effect of non-fullerene acceptors was systemically analyzed by morphological studies. </LI> <LI> The fluorinated planar core structure provided the best PCE of 4.41%. </LI> </UL> </P> <P><B>Graphical abstract</B></P> <P>[DISPLAY OMISSION]</P>
Yield Response of Soybean to Drought Stress under Different Fertilizer Level
Eom, Ki-Cheol,Jung, Pil-Kyun,Koh, Mun-Hwan,Kim, Young-Sook,Lee, Kyung-Eun 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.4
This study was conducted to investigate the yield response of soybean to drought stress in 1984 and 1986 at the experiment field of the National Academy of Agricultural Science using experiment plots with different soil water tension and fertilizer levels. The average yield response factor (YRF) of soybean to evapotranspiration (ET) calculated as [(Ya/Ym)/(ETa/ETm)], where Ya, average yield; Ym, maximum yield; ETa, average ET; and ETm, maximum ET, was 0.91 with the range from 0.74 to 1.16. Relationship between yield index (YI=[Ya/Ym]) and evapotranspiration index (ETI=[ETa/PET]) was $YI=0.87{\cdot}(ETI)+0.09$. Relationship between YI and the maximum soil water tension (Hmax) was $YI=1.23-0.23{\cdot}{\log}$ (Hmax). Relationship between YI and the days of drought stressed (Dr) was $YI=0.877{\cdot}{\exp}$ ($-0.01{\cdot}Dr$). The relation between YI and fertilizer level (F) was $YI=-0.21{\cdot}F2+0.36{\cdot}F+0.33$, under very serious drought condition as the maximum soil water tension was 0.3 MPa.
Eom, Taeyong,Choi, Seol,Choi, Byung Joon,Lee, Min Hwan,Gwon, Taehong,Rha, Sang Ho,Lee, Woongkyu,Kim, Moo-Sung,Xiao, Manchao,Buchanan, Iain,Cho, Deok-Yong,Hwang, Cheol Seong American Chemical Society 2012 Chemistry of materials Vol.24 No.11
<P>Phase change random access memory appears to be the strongest candidate for next-generation high density nonvolatile memory. The fabrication of ultrahigh density phase change memory (≫1 Gb) depends heavily on the thin film growth technique for the phase changing chalcogenide material, most typically containing Ge, Sb and Te (Ge–Sb–Te). Atomic layer deposition (ALD) at low temperatures is the most preferred growth method for depositing such complex materials over surfaces possessing extreme topology. In this study, [(CH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>Si]<SUB>2</SUB>Te and stable alkoxy-Ge (Ge(OCH<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB>4</SUB>) and alkoxy-Sb (Sb(OC<SUB>2</SUB>H<SUB>5</SUB>)<SUB>3</SUB>) metal–organic precursors were used to deposit various layers with compositions lying on the GeTe<SUB>2</SUB>–Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB> tie lines at a substrate temperature as low as 70 °C using a thermal ALD process. The adsorption of Ge precursor was proven to be a physisorption type while other precursors showed a chemisorption behavior. However, the adsorption of Ge precursor was still self-regulated, and the facile ALD of the pseudobinary solid solutions with composition (GeTe<SUB>2</SUB>)<SUB>(1-x)</SUB>(Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>3</SUB>)<SUB><I>x</I></SUB> were achieved. This chemistry-specific ALD process was quite robust against process variations, allowing highly conformal, smooth, and reproducible film growth over a contact hole structure with an extreme geometry. The detailed ALD behavior of binary compounds and incorporation behaviors of the binary compounds in pseudobinary solid solutions were studied in detail. This new composition material showed reliable phase change and accompanying resistance switching behavior, which were slightly better than the standard Ge<SUB>2</SUB>Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>5</SUB> material in the nanoscale. The local chemical environment was similar to that of conventional Ge<SUB>2</SUB>Sb<SUB>2</SUB>Te<SUB>5</SUB> materials.</P><P><B>Graphic Abstract</B> <IMG SRC='http://pubs.acs.org/appl/literatum/publisher/achs/journals/content/cmatex/2012/cmatex.2012.24.issue-11/cm300539a/production/images/medium/cm-2012-00539a_0010.gif'></P><P><A href='http://pubs.acs.org/doi/suppl/10.1021/cm300539a'>ACS Electronic Supporting Info</A></P>
Yield Response of Soybean to Drought Stress under Different Fertilizer Level
Ki-Cheol Eom,Pil-Kyun Jung,Mun-Hwan Koh,Young-Sook Kim,Kyung-Eun Lee 한국토양비료학회 2013 한국토양비료학회지 Vol.46 No.4
This study was conducted to investigate the yield response of soybean to drought stress in 1984 and 1986 at the experiment field of the National Academy of Agricultural Science using experiment plots with different soil water tension and fertilizer levels. The average yield response factor (YRF) of soybean to evapotranspiration (ET) calculated as [(Ya/Ym)/(ETa/ETm)], where Ya, average yield; Ym, maximum yield; ETa, average ET; and ETm, maximum ET, was 0.91 with the range from 0.74 to 1.16. Relationship between yield index (YI = [Ya/Ym]) and evapotranspiration index (ETI = [ETa/PET]) was YI = 0.87·(ETI) + 0.09. Relationship between YI and the maximum soil water tension (Hmax) was YI = 1.23 - 0.23·log (Hmax). Relationship between YI and the days of drought stressed (Dr) was YI = 0.877·exp (-0.01·Dr). The relation between YI and fertilizer level (F) was YI = -0.21·F2 + 0.36·F + 0.33, under very serious drought condition as the maximum soil water tension was 0.3 MPa.
특발성 간질성 폐렴 환자의 기관지 폐포 세척액 내의 Clara Cell Secretory Protein 발현에 대한 연구
엄상원 ( Eom Sang Won ),한선진 ( Han Seon Jin ),최창민 ( Choe Chang Min ),이창훈 ( Lee Chang Hun ),유철규 ( Yu Cheol Gyu ),이춘택 ( Lee Chun Taeg ),한성구 ( Han Seong Gu ),심영수 ( Sim Yeong Su ),김영환 ( Kim Yeong Hwan ) 대한결핵 및 호흡기학회 2002 Tuberculosis and Respiratory Diseases Vol.53 No.2