Depleting Irrigation Water Resources in India

Brar, M.S. 한국토양비료학회 2009 한국토양비료학회 학술발표회 초록집 Vol.2009 No.10

Hybrid surface-phonon-plasmon polariton modes in graphene/monolayer h-BN heterostructures.

Brar, Victor W,Jang, Min Seok,Sherrott, Michelle,Kim, Seyoon,Lopez, Josue J,Kim, Laura B,Choi, Mansoo,Atwater, Harry American Chemical Society 2014 NANO LETTERS Vol.14 No.7

<P>Infrared transmission measurements reveal the hybridization of graphene plasmons and the phonons in a monolayer hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN) sheet. Frequency-wavevector dispersion relations of the electromagnetically coupled graphene plasmon/h-BN phonon modes are derived from measurement of nanoresonators with widths varying from 30 to 300 nm. It is shown that the graphene plasmon mode is split into two distinct optical modes that display an anticrossing behavior near the energy of the h-BN optical phonon at 1370 cm(-1). We explain this behavior as a classical electromagnetic strong-coupling with the highly confined near fields of the graphene plasmons allowing for hybridization with the phonons of the atomically thin h-BN layer to create two clearly separated new surface-phonon-plasmon-polariton (SPPP) modes.</P>

HELIUM3D: A Laser-scanning Head-tracked Autostereoscopic Display

Brar, Rajwinder Singh,Surman, Phil,Sexton, Ian,Hopf, Klaus The Korean Infomation Display Society 2010 Journal of information display Vol.11 No.3

A multi-user autostereoscopic display based on laser scanning is described in this paper. It does not require the wearing of special glasses; it can provide 3D to several viewers who have a large degree of freedom of movement; and it requires the display of only a minimum amount of information. The display operates by providing regions in the viewing field, referred to as "exit pupils," which follow the positions of the viewers' eyes under the control of a multi-user head tracker. The display incorporates an RGB laser illumination source that illuminates a light engine. The light directions are controlled by a spatial light modulator, and a front screen assembly incorporates a novel Gabor superlens. Its operating principle is explained in this paper, as is the construction of three iterations of the display. Finally, a method of developing the display into one that is suitable for television applications is described.

A Time-multiplexed 3d Display Using Steered Exit Pupils

Brar, Rajwinder Singh,Surman, Phil,Sexton, Ian,Hopf, Klaus The Korean Infomation Display Society 2010 Journal of information display Vol.11 No.2

This paper presents the multi-user autostereoscopic 3D display system constructed and operated by the authors using the time-multiplexing approach. This prototype has three main advantages over the previous versions developed by the authors: its hardware was simplified as only one optical array is used to create viewing regions in space, a lenticular multiplexing screen is not necessary as images can be produced sequentially on a fast 120Hz LCD with full resolution, and the holographic projector was replaced with a high-frame-rate digital micromirror device (DMD) projector. The whole system in this prototype consists of four major parts: a 120Hz high-frame-rate DMD projector, a 49-element optical array, a 120Hz screen assembly, and a multi-user head tracker. The display images for the left/right eyes are produced alternatively on a 120Hz direct-view LCD and are synchronized with the output of the projector, which acts as a backlight of the LCD. The novel steering optics controlled by the multiuser head tracker system directs the projector output to regions referred to as exit pupils, which are located in the viewers’eyes. The display can be developed in the "hang-on-the-wall"form.

High Capacity, Reversible Data Hiding Using CDCS Along with Medical Image Authentication

Amrinder Singh Brar,Mandeep Kaur 보안공학연구지원센터(IJSIP) 2015 International Journal of Signal Processing, Image Vol.8 No.1

Healthcare institution that handles a number of patients, opinions is often sought from different experts. It demands the exchange of the medical history of the patient among the experts which includes the medical images, prescriptions and electronic patient records (EPR) etc. In order to reduce storage and transmission cost, data hiding techniques are used to embed patient information with medical images. In medical imaging applications, there are stringent constraints on image fidelity that strictly prohibit any permanent image distortion by the watermarking or data hiding. Authenticity is another important aspect in medical image watermarking. This paper proposed modified difference expansion watermarking using LSB replacement in the difference of virtual border for data hiding in medical images. The Class Dependent Coding Scheme (CDCS) is used to encode the EPR data so that embedding capacity can be increased. The image hash is calculated using MD5 to provide authentication. Experimental results show that proposed scheme provide us large data hiding capacities along with very high PSNR values as compared to earlier EPR data hiding techniques.

Interpretation of androgen and anti-Mullerian hormone profiles in a Hispanic cohort of 5- to 8-year-old girls with premature adrenarche

Preneet Cheema Brar,Elena Dingle,Daniela Ovadia,Sarah Pivo,Veeramac Prasad,Raphael David 대한소아내분비학회 2018 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.23 No.4

Purpose: Premature adrenarche (PA) often leads to polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). Higher anti-mullerian hormone (AMH) levels are reported in PCOS. We studied the androgen profile and AMH profiles in Hispanic girls with PA (aged 5–8 years) and age and body mass index (BMI) matched controls. Methods: Retrospective review of electronic medical records of girls who met the inclusion criteria for premature adrenarche were done. Results: PA girls (n=76) were matched to control girls (n=12) for age (mean±standard deviation) (6.7±1 years vs. 6.2±1.3 years) and BMI (20±10 kg/m2 vs. 17.8±2.7 kg/ m2). Dehydroepiandrostenedione sulfate (63.3±51.3 µg/dL vs. 29.8±17.3 µg/dL, P<0.001) and testosterone levels (11.4±4.8 ng/dL vs. 8.2±2.9 ng/dL, P=0.001) were significantly higher in the PA group than controls. AMH values (<14 years: reference range, 0.49–3.15 ng/mL) were 3.2±2.2 ng/mL vs. 4.6± 3.2 ng/mL respectively in the PA and control groups and were not different (P=0.4). AMH did not show a correlation with bone age (P=0.1), and testosterone (P=0.9) in the PA group. 17-hydroxyprogesterone levels (17-OHP ng/dL) were 39.5±30.5 ng/dL vs. 36.8±19.8 ng/dL in PA versus control girls. The concentration of 17-OHP was not statistically different between the control and PA groups. Conclusion: Higher AMH was not observed in PA girls and no correlation with BA and androgen levels was observed.

Update on the current modalities used to screen high risk youth for prediabetes and/or type 2 diabetes mellitus

Preneet Cheema Brar 대한소아내분비학회 2019 Annals of Pediatirc Endocrinology & Metabolism Vol.24 No.2

The modalities currently employed to screen for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM)/ prediabetes are HbA1c, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), and 2-hour plasma glucose (PG) during an oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). The purpose of this review is to highlight the positive qualities and pitfalls of these diagnostic modalities and reflect on the most reasonable and effective approach to screen high risk youth. Given its inherent preanalytical advantages, glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) continues to be the preferred diagnostic modality used by pediatricians to screen high risk youth. However, when the three aforementioned tests are performed in youths of different races/ethnicities, discrepant results for T2DM/prediabetes are observed. The prevalence rates for T2DM vary from 0.53% in Chinese youth (including youth of all body mass indexes) to 18.3% in high-risk, overweight, obese Korean youth. Moreover, the FPG is abnormal (>100 less than <126 mg/dL) in 15% of Korean youth versus 8.7% of Chinese youth. The prevalence rates for prediabetes are 1.49% in Chinese youth versus 21% in Emirati youth (HbA1c, 5.7%–6.4%). The coefficient of agreement, k, between these screening tests for T2DM are fair, 0.45–0.5 across all youth. However, using HbA1c as a comparator, the agreement is weak with FPG (k=0.18 in German youth versus k=0.396 in Korean youth). The American Diabetes Association (ADA) Standards of Medical Care Guidelines define “high risk youth” who need to be tested for T2DM and/or prediabetes. OGTT and HbA1c do not always detect T2DM in similar individuals. HbA1c may not be an ideal test for screening Hispanic and African American youth. FPG and OGTT are suitable screening tests for youth of ethnic minorities and those with cystic fibrosis or hemoglobinopathies. Performing all three tests either together or sequentially may be the only way to encompass all youth who have aberrations in different aspects of glucose homeostasis.

A Time-multiplexed 3d Display Using Steered Exit Pupils

Rajwinder Singh Brar,Phil Surman,Klaus Hopf,Ian Sextona 한국정보디스플레이학회 2010 Journal of information display Vol.11 No.2

This paper presents the multi-user autostereoscopic 3D display system constructed and operated by the authors using the time-multiplexing approach. This prototype has three main advantages over the previous versions developed by the authors: its hardware was simplified as only one optical array is used to create viewing regions in space, a lenticular multiplexing screen is not necessary as images can be produced sequentially on a fast 120Hz LCD with full resolution, and the holographic projector was replaced with a high-frame-rate digital micromirror device (DMD) projector. The whole system in this prototype consists of four major parts: a 120Hz high-frame-rate DMD projector, a 49-element optical array, a 120Hz screen assembly, and a multi-user head tracker. The display images for the left/right eyes are produced alternatively on a 120Hz direct-view LCD and are synchronized with the output of the projector, which acts as a backlight of the LCD. The novel steering optics controlled by the multiuser head tracker system directs the projector output to regions referred to as exit pupils, which are located in the viewers’ eyes. The display can be developed in the “hang-on-the-wall” form.

Oral Session : Symposium: Engineering and Technology for Human and Ecosystem Health ; Depleting Irrigation Water Resources in India: Threat to Sustainable Food Production

M. S. Brar 한국토양비료학회 2009 국제학술대회집 Vol.2009 No.0

Structural, Optical and Electrical Characterization of Hot Wall Grown 9,10-dibromoanthracene Films for Light Emitting Applications

Sukhwinder Singh Brar,Aman Mahajan,R. K. Bedi 대한금속·재료학회 2014 ELECTRONIC MATERIALS LETTERS Vol.10 No.1

For this study thin films of 9,10-dibromoanthracene (DiBrAn) were prepared by hot wall evaporation technique onto the glass substrate under different experimental conditions for light emitting applications. These films were systematically characterized for structural, optical and electrical studies by x-ray diffraction, atomic force microscope, scanning electron microscope, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, UV-Vis spectroscopy, and photoluminescence investigations. On examination, crystallinity, electrical conductivity and optical band gap of the DiBrAn films were found to increase with increase in substrate temperature. The wide optical band gap and strong blue emission of DiBrAn make this material an efficient blue emitter.