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Hao Chen,He Tang,Xiansong Zhang,Bowen Li,Baozhen Li,Xiong Shen 한국자원공학회 2018 Geosystem engineering Vol.21 No.3
Oil quality and gas sources are two main limitations for the promotion of CO2 miscible flooding in China. However, near-miscible flooding was proposed recently which can obtain comparable recovery based on both experiments and field tests. The discovery of gas reservoir, which contains high content (24–90 mol%) of CO2 in QHD offshore oilfield, provides big potential for the implementation of CO2 flooding in China. In this paper, based on the slim tube test and slim tube simulation with denser test points, specific regions of near-miscible flooding for different CO2 contents were determined by the relation curves of displacement efficiency, IFT, and pressure. For the targeted well QHD 29-2E-5, the lower limit of CO2 content for achieving near-miscible flooding is 64%. To enlarge the scope and potential of near-miscible flooding, the feasibility of adding intermediate components (C2–C6) in the injection gas to decrease the pressure interval of near-miscible flooding was investigated. Results showed that for each 10% decrease in CO2 content, 2.5% of the intermediate components (C2–C6) of the production gas are needed to add for achieving near-miscible flooding in the well QHD 29-2E-5.
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Baoping Zhang,Yun Liu,Zhongchen Ma,Meichen Guo,Bowen Shen 한국고분자학회 2018 Macromolecular Research Vol.26 No.2
The chemically modified lignin was synthesized based on rice straw and the adsorption properties of AuCl4 - were investigated in this paper. The adsorbent was characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, scanning electronic microscope and thermogravimetric analysis and differential scanning calorimetry. The chemically modified rice straw lignin was of excellent thermal stability and had plenty of primary amines and hydroxyls. Many influence factors such as initial concentration of AuCl4 -, adsorption time and concentration of hydrochloric acid on AuCl4 - were optimized. The maximum adsorption capacity was 783.94 mg·g-1. The equilibrium adsorption time was 600 min. The equilibrium isotherm fitted well with the Langmuir model and the pseudo-second-order kinetic model was suitable for describing the adsorption of AuCl4 -. Low hydrochloric acid concentration could promote the selectivity of adsorption on AuCl4 -. Combination of ion exchange and reduction was the mechanism. AuCl4 - was adsorbed by ion exchange first and then reduced from hydrochloric acid medium in the form of Au(0) by phenolic hydroxyl.
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