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- 저자 : Bequette, B.J. (검색결과 2 건)
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100 Years of insulin: A chemical engineering perspective
B. Wayne Bequette 한국화학공학회 2023 Korean Journal of Chemical Engineering Vol.40 No.1
Insulin was isolated in 1921, with the first human patient treated in 1922, and large-scale production began in 1923. In this perspectives article I provide some historical context leading to the automated insulin delivery (AID) systems that regulate blood glucose in individuals with type 1 diabetes, but also discuss the evolution of insulin production from the pancreases of cows and pigs to modern genetic engineering techniques to produce “rapid-acting” insulin. This topic is of interest for chemical engineers for several reasons. For one, process control engineers have played a major role in the development of algorithms for automated insulin delivery and in continuous glucose sensor development. In addition, the biopharmaceutical production of insulin using genetic engineering techniques is the domain of chemical process engineers. The major objective is to understand the current state of diabetes technology, with a focus on type 1 diabetes.
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Increasing the Flow of Protein from Ruminal Fermentation - Review -
Wallace, R.J.,Newbold, C.J.,Bequette, B.J.,MacRae, J.C.,Lobley, G.E. Asian Australasian Association of Animal Productio 2001 Animal Bioscience Vol.14 No.6
This review summarizes some recent research into ways of improving the productivity of ruminal fermentation by increasing protein flow from the rumen and decreasing the breakdown of protein that results from the action of ruminal microorganisms. Proteinases derived from the plant seem to be of importance to the overall process of proteolysis in grazing animals. Thus, altering the expression of proteinases in grasses may be a way of improving their nutritive value for ruminants. Inhibiting rumen microbial activity in ammonia formation remains an important objective: new ways of inhibiting peptide and amino acid breakdown are described. Rumen protozoa cause much of the bacterial protein turnover which occurs in the rumen. The major impact of defaunation on N recycling in the sheep rumen is described. Alternatively, if the efficiency of microbial protein synthesis can be increased by judicious addition of certain individual amino acids, protein flow from ruminal fermentation may be increased. Proline may be a key amino acid for non-cellulolytic bacteria, while phenylalanine is important for cellulolytic species. Inhibiting rumen wall tissue breakdown appears to be an important mechanism by which the antibiotic, flavomycin, improves N retention in ruminants. A role for Fusobacterium necrophorum seems likely, and alternative methods for its regulation are required, since growth-promoting antibiotics will soon be banned in many countries.
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