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Kalimuthu Kovendan,Balamurugan Chandramohan,Devakumar Dinesh,Dhandapani Abirami,Periasamy Vijayan,Marimuthu Govindarajan,Savariar Vincent,Giovanni Benelli 한국응용곤충학회 2016 Journal of Asia-Pacific Entomology Vol.19 No.4
Mosquitoes transmit serious diseases to humans and animals, causingmillions of deaths every year. Effective insecticides of natural origin for eco-friendly vector control are a priority. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) biosynthesized using as cheap Psychotria nilgiriensis leaf extractwere tested on larvae and pupae of Aedes aegypti (Diptera: Culicidae). Biophysical characterizationwas carried outwith UV–vis spectrophotometry, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy. Larvae were exposed to varying concentrations of aqueous extract of synthesized AgNPs for 24 h. The maximum mortality was observed for green-synthesized AgNPs. Moreover, the combined treatment of leaf extract of P. nilgiriensis and AgNPs lowered the plant extract LC50 to 92.87, 115.27, 140.37, 169.30 and 212.55 μg/ml. The effectiveness of green synthesized AgNPs was confirmed against eggs and adults of A. aegypti. Furthermore, we showed that the predatory efficiency of Poecilia sphenops on A. aegypti was not reduced after the exposure at sublethal doses of AgNPs. Predation in the control was 65% (larva I) and 49.62% (larva II). Predation against late-instar larvae was minimal. In AgNPs-treated environment (3 ppm), predation was boosted to 90.25% (larva I) and 76.50% (larva II), respectively. Overall, P. nilgiriensis-synthesized AgNPs could be proposed at ultra-low doses to reduce larval population of dengue vectors enhancing predation rates of P. sphenops.