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Sakoda, Akiyoshi,Wang, Jianzhong,Fujii, Takao,Suzuki, Motoyuki 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1995 環境硏究 Vol.14 No.2
When biological activated carbon (BAC) treatment is applied to the drinking water treatment, trihalomethane formation potential (THMFP) should be controlled to satisfy the water quality regulations. However, since the behavior of THM precursors in BAC is not clarified yet, the effluent THMFP is not guaranteed to be low enough. In this work, adsorption and biodegradation properties of trihalomethane precursors met in BAC treatment were experimentally investigated, which were the biochemicals produced by bacterial growth and autolysis taking place during the BAG treatment. It has become clear that the effluent THMFP is controlled by autolysis by-products with higher adsorbability and very low biodegradability.
An attempt to organize bioassays' data of various chemicals
Sakoda, Akiyoshi,Shoji, Ryo,Sakai, Yasuyuki,Suzuki, Motoyuki,Utsumi, Hideo 嶺南大學校 環境問題硏究所 1998 環境硏究 Vol.18 No.1
Abstract Environmental waters such as river and lake waters are most likely polluted by a numerous number of chemicals produced and emitted by human activities nowadays. Bioassays are considered to be rational methodologies for evaluating their toxicities against human beings and ecosystems. The various kinds of bioassays data for chemicals have been accumulated so far in the literature. Organizing bioassays data of various chemicals was tried in this work in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically for the toxicity control and management of environmental waters. Environmental waters such as river and lake waters are most likely polluted by a numerous number of chemicals produced and emitted by human activities nowadays. Bioassays are considered to be rational methodologies for evaluating their toxicities against human beings and ecosystems. The various kinds of bioassays data for chemicals have been accumulated so far in the literature. Organizing bioassays data of various chemicals was tried in this work in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically for the toxicity control and management of environmental waters.
Monitoring Water Quality of Environmental Waters by Bioassays
Akiyoshi, Sakoda,Ryo, Shoji,Yasuyuki, Sakai,Motoyuki, Suzuki 영남대학교 환경문제연구소 2000 環境硏究 Vol.19 No.2
Environmental waters such as river and lake waters in Japan are often deteriorated by various kinds of trace and unidentified chemicals despite of the recent development of sewage systems and wastewater treatment technologies. This situation appears to become worse and worse. In addition to the contamination by particular toxicants, complex toxicity due to multi-component chemicals could be much more serious. Bioassays are toxicity tests of chemicals and pharmaceuticals by using living animal bodies, organs, cells and so on, and have been intensively utilized in pharmacology so far. The situation mentioned above have led us to apply bioassays far monitoring water quality of environmental waters by expressing the direct and potential toxicity to human beings and ecosystems instead of concentrations of particular chemicals. However, the problems encountered involve the fact that bioassays for pharmaceutical purposes in general need complicated, time-consuming and expert procedures. Also, a methodology to feed back the resultant toxicity data to water environment management is not establishcd yet. For this purpose, we have developed a novel bioassay methodology based on the fluorescein isothiocyanate-labelled low-density lipopntein (FITC-LDL) uptaking activity of human hepatoblastoma Hep G2 cells. The new method enabled us to detect the toxicity of environmental waters such as river water directly within 2 hours of exposure without concentrating water samples. This is significantly quick and easy as compared to conventional cell survival bioassays. The toxicity data for 255 selected chemicals sod environmental waters obtained by this method were organized by a mathematical equation in order to make use of those data much more effectively and practically to the management of environmental waters. The mathematical description of complex toxicity found for mixtures was proposed and demonstrated. As model cases of our methodology, some approaches to reduce the toxicity actually delected in a river water were proposed. Our methodology would be one of the promising examples of applying bioassays for monitoring environmental water quality and of suggesting a solution of toxicity problem encountered.