2007 개정 교육과정에 따른 초등 국어 교과서의 ‘이해 학습’ 분석

홍하은(Hong Ha Eun) 제주대학교 초등교육연구소 2011 초등교육연구 Vol.- No.15

본 연구는 현재의 2007 개정 국어과 교육과정이 적용된 초등 1~4학년 국어 교과서를 중심으로, 특히 ‘이해 학습’ 부분에 한정지어 살펴보았다. 교육과정에서 달성하고자 하는 바는 현장 실천본이라 일컬을 수 있는 교과서에 반영되어 있다고 할 수 있다. 그래서 개정된 교육과정이 교과서로 실행되는 과정에서 성취기준, 단원목표와 차시목표와의 관계, 언어 사용 목적과의 관계 정도를 살피며 일관성 있게 구성되고 있는 지 살펴볼 수 있다. 이에 본 연구는 교육과정 상세화 측면에서 성취 기준과 단원 목표의 관련성, 성취 기준과 단원 목표, 차시 목표를 중심으로 관계성을 살펴보았다. 그 중 성취 기준과 단원 목표는 외형적 관계로 분류하였고 성취 기준과 단원 목표, 차시 목표는 서로 간의 내용 연계 정도로 판단하였다. 그리고 학습자에게 학습 안내 역할을 하는 ‘이해 학습’에서 다루고 있는 교육적 내용의 지식 형태와 분포 정도를 알아보고 교과서 내에서 어떤 유형으로 구현되고 있는지 정리하였다. 특히 본 연구는 2007 개정 교육과정의 특징이 반영된 교과서 분석을 기반으로 이루어졌기 때문에 개정 교육과정과 교육과정이 반영된 교과서에 대한 직접적인 비판과 대안의 기준이 된다. 그리고 여기에서 밝혀진 원리는 수시개정체제로 바뀐 차기 교육과정 개정 및 향후 교과서 개발에 도움이 될 것이다. This study examines to which extent the curriculum was reflected in textbooks, particularly limited to the part of understanding learning focusing on 20 Korean language textbooks for first to fourth graders of elementary school. The objectives to be achieved in a curriculum is to reflect in textbooks, which can be called as the edition for field practice. Therefore, it is able to examine whether or not the contents of revised curriculum are made consistently in the course of practising to textbooks while watching the achievement criteria, the relation between unit objectives and lesson objectives, and how much it relates to the objectives of language use. Hence, this study examines the relationship between the achievement criterion and unit objectives as well as the relationship focusing on the achievement criterion, unit objectives and lesson objectives in the aspect of curriculum detailing. Out of them, the achievement criterion and unit objectives are classified as external relation and the achievement criterion, unit objectives and lesson objectives are judged to that extent of a connection in the contents between each other. Lastly, it deals with three kinds of direction for the improvement of understanding learning of Korean language textbooks in Chapter V. First, what should be achieved in a curriculum and the contents of unit learning objectives and lesson objectives in textbooks as the tool for realization of the curriculum should be made in the ever consistent appearance, and second, continuous studies of application learning to involve the meaning of practice must proceed together with the ones of understanding learning as the education of knowledge and functions in consideration of various contexts. Lastly, it needs active analysis of textbooks by teachers who have various prospective. This study is made on the basis of analysis of textbooks in which the features of the 2007 revised curriculum so that it can be the criterion of direct criticism and alternative plan of the revised curriculum and textbooks in which the revised curriculum was reflected. And those principles found out in this study will be helpful for the next revision of curriculum which was changed to the real-time revision system as well as future development of textbooks.

정치참여 수단으로서 댓글의 역할과 의미, 그리고 한계

김동윤(Dong Yoon Kim),홍하은(Ha Eun Hong) 사이버커뮤니케이션학회 2015 사이버 커뮤니케이션 학보 Vol.32 No.1

이 연구는 온라인 뉴스와 SNS 뉴스 이용자 간 비교를 통해서 정치참여 수단으로서 댓글의 역할과 의미를 알아보고자 한 것이다. 이를 위해, 댓글 저널리즘의 원형으로 이해되는 온라인 뉴스와 댓글의 새로운 지평을 열고 있는 SNS 뉴스의 댓글에 대한 이용자의 인식과 활동의 차이를 알아보고, 이러한 인식과 활동이 정치참여에 미치는 영향을 실증적으로 비교해 보았다. 분석의 결과는 다음의 몇 가지로 요약할 수 있다. 먼저, 이용자들은 SNS 뉴스보다 온라인 뉴스의 댓글을 더 신뢰하고, 유용한 것으로 인식하고 있었다. 다음으로, 온라인 뉴스와 SNS 뉴스 이용자의 댓글 읽기 활동에 대한 통계적 차이는 발견되지 않았으나, 쓰기 활동에서는 온라인 뉴스 이용자들이 더욱 적극적인 것으로 나타났다. 마지막으로, 온라인 뉴스와 SNS 뉴스 댓글에 대한 이용자들의 이러한 인식과 활동이 그들의 정치참여에는 긍정적인 영향을 미치지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 다만, 댓글 이용자의 정치참여는 정치에 대한 평소의 관심과 대화량에 의해 더욱 잘 예측되었다. 선거 시기 정치참여 수단으로서 보여준 지금까지의 역할과 의미를 감안할 때, 이상의 분석 결과는 정치참여 수단으로서 댓글의 역할과 의미는 비선거 시기라는 상황과 맥락에서 다소 제한적일 수 있음을 시사해 주었다. This empirical study has tried to see the difference of the meanings and roles of the reply as the instrument of the political participation through comparing with the users of the online and SNS news users. Analytic results can be summarized as followings. First, users regarded the online news reply as more reliable and useful means than the SNS news reply. Second, there was no statistical difference in the reading activity between the online and SNS news users, but the online news users seemed to more active than the SNS news user in their writing. Third, the recognitions and activities of the online and SNS news users didn’t have the statistical effects on the predicting to their political participation, but their political participation was well predicted by the ordinary political concerns and conversation. These results made us infer that the meanings and roles of the reply as the instrument of the political participation might be varied and limited in terms of the situations and/or contexts, especially whether their interactions occur in election period or not.

간염바이러스 X단백질 유전자를 핵산전달감염시킨 간암세포주에서 17-DMAG의 항종양효과 상승 효과

이철승 ( Chul-seung Lee ),김옥희 ( Ok-hee Kim ),홍하은 ( Ha-eun Hong ),전상진 ( Sang-jin Jeon ),원성수 ( Seong-soo Won ),김세준 ( Say-june Kim ) 대한간암학회 2017 대한간암학회지 Vol.17 No.2

Background/Aims: Hepatitis B viral protein X (HBx) is implicated in the pathogenesis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) as well as the elevation of heat shock proteins (HSPs) after hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. We thus investigated the anticancer effects of an HSP90 inhibitor 17-Dimethylaminoethylamino-17-demethoxygeldanamycin (17-DMAG) in HBx- transfected hepatocellular carcinoma cells. Methods: pcDNA-HBx was made by inserting the HBx gene derived from the HBV-infected patient into pcDNA3.1 using the restriction enzymes (XbaI/HindIII). HBx-expressing HepG2 cells were then generated by transfecting HepG2 cells with pcDNA containing HBx gene. To compare the anticancer effects of 17-DMAG between pcDNA-HBx transfected HepG2 cells and the control cells (pcDNA-transfected HepG2 cells), we performed various molecular studies, including Ez-cytox proliferation assay, Western blot analysis, and flow cytometry. Results: 17-DMAG inhibited the proliferation of pcDNA-HBx transfected HepG2 cells better than control cells (P<0.05). After treating with a various concentration of 17-DMAG (50-1,000 nM), pcDNA-HBx transfected HepG2 cells exhibited higher expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (c-caspase-3, c-caspase-8, and c-caspase-9) than did control cells (P<0.05). pcDNA-HBx transfected HepG2 cells showed higher activities of caspase-3, caspase-8, and caspase-9 than did control cells (P<0.05). Finally, we found that the expression of pro-apoptotic proteins (PARP and c-caspase-3) was considerably decreased by the use of a caspase inhibitor suggesting that 17-DMAG induces the cell death of HepG2 cells caspase-dependently. Conclusions: Our study strongly suggests that 17-DMAG has antiviral effects against HBV as well as anticancer effects against HepG2 cells. Thus, the application of 17-DMAG appears to be particularly advantageous to the HCC patients related with HBV infection. (J Liver Cancer 2017;17:126-135)

휴대성과 안전을 고려한 개인 이동 수단용 접이식 헬멧 개발

이인수(In Su Lee),김두언(Dueon Kim),이상운(Sangwoon Lee),홍하은(Ha Eun Hong),심재호(Jaeho Shim),박상인(Sang-in Park) 대한기계학회 2023 대한기계학회 춘추학술대회 Vol.2023 No.11

The rapid expansion of Personal Mobility (PM) devices, such as electric scooters, bicycles, and segways, has led to a concerning trend of non-compliance with helmet usage among riders. To address this issue, we present a noble foldable helmet design that encourages users to wear helmets, providing enhanced convenience. To develop the design, we focus on three technical and aesthetic features: cellular material, foldability, and manufacturability. Cellular material, such as lattice structures and triply periodic minimal surface (TPMS) structures shows exceptional shock absorbing capability. Thus, it provides structural functionality for PM helmets. Moreover, it significantly reduces the helmet’s weight while simultaneously enhancing airflow, thereby greatly improving comfort during wear. Foldability ensures portability, allowing users to carry the helmet without any effort when not in active use. The additive manufacturing (AM) enables to fabricate complex shapes, such as TPMS-based inner cushion in the proposed design. This paper provides a comprehensive overview of the entire design process, including material selection, modeling procedure and manufacturing technique. We employed the finite element analysis to validate safety of the proposed design. We also present communication methodology through the design process among mechanical engineers and industrial designers.