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한치복 ( Chi Bok Han ),이택순 ( Taek Soon Slee ),서규태 ( Gyu Tae Seo ) 한국수처리학회 2014 한국수처리학회지 Vol.22 No.2
This paper is focused on the rainwater quality analysis in urban area to evaluate contamination level of rainwater. The water quality data were collected in 2008 and 2011 at survey areas in Changwon city of Gyeongnam province. It was shown that pH of the rainwater was in the range of 4.4~4.5 in 2008 while it was slightly increased to 4.7~4.9 in 2011. The water quality parameters which meet drinking water quality standard were Zn, Cu, Mn, NO3-N, Hardness, Cl-, SO42- and Total solids. However several parameters were appeared to be over or near the limit of the standard, such as color, Turbidity, Al, Fe, NH3-N, KMnO4 consumption. From the data analysis, it was apparent that the rainwater quality becomes better by accumulation rainfall at most parameters except pH. Again the annual rain water quality was observed to be improved in 2011 compared to those in 2008.
한치복(Chi Bok Han),이택순(Taek Soon Lee) 大韓環境工學會 2010 대한환경공학회지 Vol.32 No.5
본 연구는 창원시 지역의 빗물의 계절적 수질변화와 저류조의 경과일수에 따른 수질 변화를 조사·연구하였다. 빗물의 계절적 수질 변화를 보면 전체적인 오염물질의 농도는 봄철 및 겨울철이 높았다. 내리는 빗물과 저류조 빗물의 수질을 비교 하였을 때 pH의 경우, 내리는 빗물은 pH 4.3, 저류조의 빗물은 pH 6.0을 나타내었고, 탁도의 경우는 1.82 NTU에서 14.61 NTU로 대략 8배 정도로 크게 증가하였다. 저류조의 경과 일수에 따른 수질 변화는 과망간산칼륨소비량이 초기 강우에서 먹는 물 수질기준을 초과하여 검출되었고, 증발잔류물은 초기우수에서 116mg/L 검출되었으나 저류시간 6일 경과 후부터 34일까지는 70~80mg/L로 저류시간이 길어져도 농도의 변화는 크지 않았다. This study investigated variation of rainwater quality by seasonal and storage duration of rainwater in Changwon city. Seasonally, the pollutants concentration of rainwater were higher in spring and winter. In the case of rainwater and storage rainwater quality, pH of rainwater was 4.3, storage rainwaters were 6.0 and Turbidity increased about 8 times from 1.82 NTU to 14.61 NTU. The changes of storage water quality during the storage period, initial KMnO₄ consumption rainwater was exceeded drinking water standard. Total solid in rainwater was detected as 116mg/L, it tended to stable at around 70∼80mg/L after storage period for a 6day.
집수면 및 저장조 재질에 따른 빗물의 수질적 특성에 관한 연구
한치복 ( Chi Bok Han ),이택순 ( Taek Soon Lee ),서규태 ( Gyu Tae Seo ),강미아 ( Mee A Kang ) 한국수처리학회 2013 한국수처리학회지 Vol.21 No.1
This paper is focusing on the rain water quality characteristics by various materials for collection and storage. Materials for the collection surface were cement, cement composit polyurethane and steel sandwich funnel. Three storage tanks were provided for each collection surface, of which materials were stainless steel, cement and PVC. The water quality was monitored at each storage tank after collection. Higher pH values observed at the rainwater stored in the cement storage tank compared to two other materials. This was caused by the alkalinity which is the major component of cement. While other parameters (Hardness, T-S, KMn0₄consumption, NH₄+-N, Zn, Al) were at similar level for the three materials of the storage tank. About sulfate ion and turbidity, there was not obvious effects of the materials on water quality. Regardless the materials of collection surface and storage tank, the rain water quality could meet Korean drinking water standard in terms of hardness, TS, N03-N, Zn and SO42- However concentrations of KMn04 consumption, NH4+-N and Al were above the standard, which means they should be treated for a use of drinking water. It was recommended that stainless steel and PVC were proper to keep the rain water quality in clean condition for expended period of use.
한치복 ( Chi Bok Han ),이택순 ( Teak Soon Lee ),서규태 ( Gyu Tae Seo ),정성진 ( Seong Jin Jeong ) 한국수처리학회 2011 한국수처리학회지 Vol.19 No.6
Rain water samples were collected in Yangsan, Geoje and Hapcheon from October(2010) to march(2011) and that was analyzed for pH, heavy metals, ionic composition. The results were revealed that Yangsan, Geoje and Hapcheon each made different pH levels of the acidity 4.7, 4.4, 4.9. The Al concentration was in a range of 0.003-0.033 mg/l (average 0.012 mg/l), Cu concentration was 0.002-0.012 mg/l (average 0.007 mg/l), Mn concentration was 0.004-0.052 mg/l (average 0.026 mg/l), and Fe concentration was 0.001-0.021 mg/l (average 0.011 mg/l). The rain water samples of Yangsan, Geoje, Hapcheon showed respectively that is in high concentration of Ca2+ at 88.7%, 50.3%, 83.2%. The concentration of Mg2+ and Na+ in rain water samples of Geoje (Mg2+ 24.4% and Na+ 20.6%) higher than of Yangsan and Hapcheon. The finding suggested that rainwater from Geoje has highly affected by sea salt.
경상남도의 효율적 빗물관리를 위한 GIS 기반 물순환 체계 분석
이택순 ( Taek Soon Lee ),송봉근 ( Bong Geun Song ),한치복 ( Chi Bok Han ),박경훈 ( Kyung Hun Park ) 한국지리정보학회 2011 한국지리정보학회지 Vol.14 No.2
본 연구는 경상남도의 효율적인 빗물관리를 위해서 강우량, 증발산량, 표면유출량의 물순환 체계를 GIS 기반으로 분석하였다. 공간내삽법에 의한 강우량(1999~2008) 분포는 경상남도 남서부 해안지역의 하동군, 산청군, 사천시 등이 중동부 내륙지역의 창녕군, 밀양시, 창원시 등보다 많게 나타났다. 증발산량은 기온, 토지이용, 식생지수를 독립변수로 한 추정식으로 산출하였으며, 남해군이 평균 93.71mm로 가장 많았고, 진해시와 창원시가 각각 81.78mm와 84.37mm로 가장 적었다. 표면유출량은 SCS 수문학적 토양분류와 토지이용에 의한 산정식으로 분석하였으며, 하동군이 90.40mm로 가장 많았고, 거창군이 46.69mm로 가장 적게 나타났다. 이상의 GIS기반 물순환체계 분석결과는 경상남도의 효율적인 빗물관리를 위한 계획 및 정책마련의 기초자료로 활용될 수 있을 것으로 사료된다. The objective of this paper is to analyze the GIS-based water cycle system: rainfall, evapotranspiration, surface run-off of Gyeongsanam-do for the effective rainwater management. The rainfall(1999~2008) analyzed by a spatial interpolation method, showed relatively higher amount in Hadong-gun, Sanchung-gun, and Sacheon-gun on the southwest coast than in Changnyeong-gun, Miryang-si, and Changwon-si in the mideast inland. The evapotranspiration was calculated by the three independent variables: air temperature, landuse, and NDVI(normalized difference vegetation index). The analysis showed that Namhae-gun had the highest evapotranspiration of 93.71mm, and Jinhae-si and Changwon-si had the lowest values of 81.78mm and 84.37mm. The surface run-off was analysed by a run-off equation based on the SCS hydrologic soil classification and landuse. The amount of surface run-off showed that Hadong-gun had the highest value, of 90.40mm, and Geochang-gun had the lowest, of 46.69mm. The analysis results of the GIS-based water cycle system will be used to support the establishment of the effective rainwater management plan in Gyeongasngnam-do.
불용성 전극의 전처리 방법이 전극의 수명에 미치는 영향
박미정(Mi-Jung Park),이택순(Young-Chae Song),강미아(Meea Kang),한치복(Chi-Bok Han) 대한환경공학회 2016 대한환경공학회지 Vol.38 No.6
불용성 전극은 전기화학 공정에 있어 가장 핵심적인 소재이며, 이를 이용한 전기화학적 수처리 공정은 난분해성 물질을 제거하는 유용한 방법으로서 이에 대한 연구가 지속적으로 이루어져 오고 있다. 전기화학적 수처리 공정은 주로 산화전극에서의 산화반응과 환원전극에서의 환원반응을 이용하는 것이다. 본 연구에서는 불용성 전극의 제조공정에서 전처리 방법이 전극의 수명에 미치는 영향을 평가하였다. 실험결과 촉매전극층을 코팅하는 물질계 및 코팅방법을 동일하게 하는 경우에도 기판의 전처리 방법 즉, 기판표면의 조도, 세정방법, 중간층 형성 여부 및 방법 등에 따라 전극의 수명이 크게 달라지는 것을 확인하였다. 실험은 가장 많이 사용되는 전극의 하나인 IrO₂/Ti 전극을 대상으로 하였다. 샌드 블라스팅 공정의 경우 입도를 달리하는 샌딩 미디어를 이용하여 전극을 제조하고 이에 대한 수명을 평가한 결과 #80알루미나(입도 212~180 μm)를 이용하는 경우가 가장 효과적인 것으로 나타났다. 기판에 대한 세정 공정은 arc plasma를 이용하는 것이 가장 우수하였으며, 중간층을 형성함에 있어서는 스퍼터링법을 이용하여 Ta 계열의 중간층을 형성하는 방법을 적용하는 것이 가장 바람직한 것으로 확인되었다. Electrochemical water treatment process as a useful treatment method for the removal of non-degradable matter has been consistently studied for several decades. Key process of electrochemical water treatment are oxidation reaction from an anode and reduction from a cathode. In this study, the effect of pre-treatment methods in the insoluble electrode manufacturing process for the water treatment has been evaluated for the life time of electrode The results of this study showed that pre-treatment methods of a base metal such as surface roughness, clean method and interlayer formation influenced to life time of electrode when the same condition (catalyst electrode layer coating method and material system) was applied for pre-treatment methods. This study was conducted by using IrO₂/Ti electrode In the test of sand-blasting process, an electrode manufactured by using sanding media of different sizes resulted in the most effective electrode life time when the size of alumina was used for 212~180 μm praticle size (#80). The most effective method was considered using arc plasma in the additional roughness control and cleaning process, sputtering method to form Ta type interlayer formation process.
태양광 발전 기반 초기빗물배제형 빗물집수장치의 발전량 및 수질특성
김용철 ( Yong Cheol Kim ),이택순 ( Taek Soon Lee ),한치복 ( Chi Bok Han ),전숙례 ( Sook Lye Jeon ),박주현 ( Ju Hyun Park ) 한국수처리학회 2017 한국수처리학회지 Vol.25 No.2
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the water quality, power generation and water utilization of clean rainwater collected by the clean rainwater harvesting system based on solar power generation. Unlike the commonly used form of rainwater harvesting system, the clean rainwater harvesting system based on solar power generation has that the sliding type of protection cover installing a solar power generation system is installed to protect the water harvesting surface from external pollution source and generate the power and discharge initial rainwater. As a result of the analysis of the clean rainwater according to the quality standard for drinking water, all of standards excluding bacterial and total coliforms standard were satisfied and the solar power generation amount was about 6.58 kW/d. Soot is not detected and it is considered that it can be used as toilet water and washing water