딸기 검은 무늬병(病)(Alternaria alternata(Fr.) Keissler)에 관한 연구(硏究) (2) -배양적(培養的) 성질(性質), 영양생리(營養生理) 및 살균제(殺菌劑)의 방제(防除) 효과(效果)에 대하여-

조종택 ( Chong Taik Cho ),배태웅 ( Tae Ung Bae ),하상영 ( Sang Young Hah ),한희세 ( Hee Se Han ),문병주 ( Byung Joo Moon ) 東亞大學校附設 石堂傳統文化硏究院 1981 石堂論叢 Vol.5 No.-

딸기 검은 무늬病菌, Alernaria alternate (Fr.) Keissler의 몇가지 培養的 性質, 營養生理 및 葉劑防除 效果에 대하여 實驗한 結果를 要約하면 다음과 같다. 1. 供試菌의 菌叢빛깔은 菌株, 培地, 溫度, vitamin 및 炭素源에 따라 差가 있었다. 2. 公試菌의 K-3菌株는 一般的으로 溫度, 培地, 炭素源 및 vitamin에 관계없이 K-2와 J-1菌株에 비하여 菌絲生長 速度가 빠르고 分生胞子가 많이 形成되었다. 3. 公試菌의 菌絲生長은 菌株 모두 天然培地에서는 良好하여 PDA에서 가장 效果的이었고 다음은 V-8 Agar, CMA의 順이었고 合成培地에서는 K-3菌株는 生長하였으나 K-2, J-1菌株는 극히 不良하였다. 分生胞子 形成은 菌株 모두 V-8 Agar에서 가장 많이 形成되었으며 그 외 公試培地에서는 저조하였다. 4. 公試菌의 菌絲生長과 分生胞子形成 溫度범위는 10~35℃이며 最適溫度는 28℃ 부근이었다. 5. 公試菌의 J-1, K-2菌株는 菌絲生長에 thiamine 결핍 菌株이었으나 K-3菌株는 pyridoxine 첨가에 의하여 生長이 촉진되는 경향이었다. 分生胞子形成은 菌株 모두 pyridoxine 添加에 의하여 촉진 되었고 inositol, biotin도 效果的 이었으나 thiamine은 오히려 胞子形成을 억제하였다. 6. 菌絲生長은 thiamine 濃度間에 뚜렷한 차이가 없었고 分生胞子形成은 K-3菌株에서는 pyridoxine 120r/l, J-1, K-2菌株에서는 100r/l에서 最高形成量을 나타내었다. 7 公試菌의 J-1, K-2菌株는 供試한 7種의 炭素源 모두 thiamine 또는 thiamine과 pyridoxine이 存在하지 않는한 菌絲生長과 分生胞子形成에 效果가 없었다. thiamine 添加될 경우 菌株 모두 菌絲生長에 있어서는 多糖類인 dextrin과 starch에서 가장 效果的이었고 分生胞子形成에 있어서도 多糖類인 starch, dextrin, 複糖類인 maltose, sucrose가 가장 效果的이었다. 8. 公試葉劑中 菌株에 관계없이 zineb, zimaneb가 本 病의 防除에 가장 效果的이었고 다음은 crovral, polpan, daconil, captan順이었다. The experiments were carried out to investigate the cultural characteristics, nutritional physiology and chemical control of Alternaria alternata, the causal fungus of strawberry black leaf spot. The results obtained were summarized as follows. 1. The color of colony surface of the fungus varied with the isolates, culture media, temperatures, vitamins, and carbon sources. 2. Of the 3 isolates tested, in general, isolate K-3 grew better and produced more conidia than did the other two isolates. 3. Of the 5 media tested, P.D.A. gave the most radial growth, followed by V-8 Agar and C.M.A., Richard`s Agar and Czapek`s Agar were the least, whereas isolate K-3 grew well on 2 synthetic media. Most conidia formed on V-8 Agar. 4. Optimum temperature for the mycelial growth and conidial formation of the fungus was near 28℃. 5. Of the 3 isolates tested, isolate J-1 and K-2 were thiamine-deficient organism, but isolate K-3 didn`t require thiamine-hydrochloride. Pyridoxine hydrochloride was the most effective on conidial formation of all 3 isolates, followed by inositol and biotin. 6. No statistically significant differences were convinced among the concentration of thiamine-hydrochloride for the mycelial growth and the oprimum concentration of pyridoxine-hydrochloride for the conidial formation was about 120r/l in isolate K-3, and 100r/l in isolates K-2 and J-1. 7. Seven kinds of carbon sources tested were not utilized by isolate J-1 and K-2, so far as thiamine-hydrochloride was not added. When thiamine-Lydrochloride was added, dextrin and soluble starch were the most favorable for the mycelial growth. In the conidial formation, soluble starch, dextrin, maltose and sucrose were the most effective. 8. Under the condition of artificial infection, zineb and zimaneb were the most effective in controling the strawberry black leaf spot and followed by roval, polpan, daconil and captan.

지렁이의 농업적(農業的) 이용(利用)에 관한 연구(硏究)

김정기 ( Jeung Gi Kim ),손현수 ( Hyun Soo Son ),조종택 ( Jong Taek Joe ),배태웅 ( Tae Woung Bae ),한희세 ( Hee Sai Han ),하상영 ( Sang Young Hah ),문병주 ( Byung Joo Mun ) 東亞大學校附設 石堂傳統文化硏究院 1979 石堂論叢 Vol.3 No.-

腐植含量이 지렁이 生育에 미치는 영향을 調査하기 위하여 각각 다른 腐植水準의 土壤에서 지렁이의 飼育試驗, 그리고 지렁이의 土壤中 生活生態 및 作物에 對한 農業撤布가 作物(早生大長가지) 生育에 미치는 영향에 관한 試驗, 그러고 지렁이 個體數가 가지生育에 미치는 영향에 관한 試驗, 또한 3種의 土壤病菌의 菌系生長에 대한 지렁이의 糞 및 磨碎濾液의 沮止效果를 檢計한 試驗 等에서 다음과 같은 結果를 얻었다. 1. 生存率은 낙시지렁이에서는 g, d, f處理에서 줄지렁이는 g, d處理에서 왕지렁이는 g, d處理에서 높은 傾向을 보였다. 2. 繁殖率은 낙시지렁이, 줄지렁이는 d處理에서 왕지렁이는 f, g處理에서 좋은 結果를 보였다. 3. 繁殖率과 Total-N은 낙시지렁이, 줄지렁이, 왕지렁이에서 正相關이 인정되었다. 4. 生存率과 腐植含量에서는 낙시지렁이, 줄지렁이에서 正相關이 인정되었다. 5. 繁殖率과 Total-N 및 腐植含量에서는 낙시지렁이, 줄지렁이에서만 正相關 인정되었다. 6. 農藥處理는 가지 및 지렁이의 生育과 生存數에서 有意性이 認定되지 아니했다. 7. 草丈. 無處理區에서 73.67cm, NAC-Wp區가 73cm로 크고 Nitrofen-Wp區은 59.67cm로 작았다. 8. 收量은 CAT-Wp區가 27個, Nitrafen-Wp區, 無處理區가 各 26個로 많고 Heptachlor-D區는 17個로 적었다. 9. 果重은 除草劑인 CAT-Wp區, Nitrofen-Wp區가 119,9g, 118,73g으로 무겁고 Reldan-Ec區은 93.70g으로 가벼웠다. 10. 果長은 無處理區, NAC-Wp區가 17.98cm, 15.84cm였고 Reldan-Ec區는 14.27cm로 작았다. 11. 지렁이 生存數는 Heptachlor-D區가 약 21마리로 높고 CAT-Wp區가 17마리로 제일 낮았다. 12. 收獲期別 收量은 8月 29日 57個로 많은 8月 17日 11個로 적었다. 13. 收獲期別 果長은 8月 17日은 20.99cm 길었고 9月 8日은 13.56cm였다. 14. 收獲期別 果重은 8月 4日 159.24g으로 무거운 9月 8日 65.11g였다. 15. Reldan-Ec, DEP-Ec는 Nitrofen-Wp부다 TLM의 相對效果가 29.64倍 20.41倍의 傾向을 보였다. 16. 지렁이의 무게가 395±25mg일 때 Redan-Ec, 0.0075% DEP-Ec0.0108%, Heptachlor-D 0.0114%, CAT-Wp0.0699%가 TLM濃度였다. 17. 農藥 DEP-Ec, Re1dan-Ec Heptachlor-D NAC-WpCAT-Wp Nitrofen-Wp의 LD90의 濃度는 0.0416%, 0.0305%, 0.0368%, 0.2416%, 0.3097%, 0.8277%였다. 18. 지렁이 個體數는 가지葉數에서 有意的인 增加를 보였다. 19. 지렁이 個體數는 가지의 果實數量增收에는 별다른 영향을 주지 않았다. 20. 지렁이 個體數는 가지栽培에서 안산과 加里質 肥料의 適量 混合施用이 必要하다고 認定되었다. 21. 供試된 3個菌株 모두 菌系生長을 抑制하는 지렁이糞의 沮止效果는 나타나지 않았다. 22. 菌系生長을 抑制하는 지렁이의 磨碎濾液의 沮止效果는 供試된 菌株中 Sclerot ium rol-fsii에서는 明白히 나타났으나 Rhizoctonia solani에서는 諸定할 수 없었으며, Fusarium solani는 오히려 菌사生長이 促進되었다. In order to study the effect of compost application on earthworm cultivation, a factorial experiment was carried out at each level of compost application, and also to check the effect of ecology of earthworms in soil as an effect of spraying crops is a field with agricultural chemicals, and also to check the effect of earthworm number to eggplant growth, to investigate the inhibitory effects of earthworm fecal wastes and earthworm extracts on the mycelial growth of soil pathogen fungi; and the results were as follows. 1. Relatively high increasing trend of the reproductive rate of earth worm was appeared at plots, d g f in Allolobophora japonica of g plot in Eisenia foetida, and plots f g in Pheretima communissima, respectively. 2. Reasonablely good effect of earthworm survival rate was shown at the plot d in Allo1ophora japonica, Eisenia foetida and plot f g in Pheretima communissima. 3. statistically positive correlation was convinced at plots between reproductive rate and total-N in all experimented earthworm species. 4. Statistical significance were revealed at plots between survival rate and compost in Allolobophora japonica and Eisenia foetida. 5. Statistical significance was also revealed at plots between reproductive rate and total-N or compost application in Allolobophora japonica and Esenia foetida. 6. Spraying agricultural chemicals was not presumed to be significant as a result of the survived number of earhworms and eggplant growing. 7. The height of the herbs and the weeds in non-treated area with chemicals were 73.67cm, in the NAC-Wp, as tall as 73cm, and in the Nitrofen-Wp area, was as short as 59.67cm. 8. Yields of eggplant treated with CAP-Wp were 27pcs. and both in the Nitrofen-Wp area and non-treated area were as much as 26 pcs., respectively; and in the Heptachlor-D area was 17 pcs. 9. The weight of the eggplant in the CAT-Wp area and the Nitrofen-Wp area treated with herbicide were as heavy as 119.92 gr. and 118.73 gr. respectively. And 63.73 gr. in the Reldan-Ec area. 10. The height of the eggplant with blank test area and the NAC-Wp area was 17.98cm and 15.38cm respectively. And Reldan-Ec area was 14.27cm. 11. The survived number of earthworms at Heptachlor-D area were 21 approximately. the lowest survived number was shown in the EAT-Wp area, 17. 12. Eggplant yield classified by harvesting season were 57 pcs. on August 9th; and as little as 11 pcs. on August 17th. 13. The height of eggplants classified by harvest season was 20.29cm on August 17th; and 13.56cm on September 8th. 14. The weight of eggplant classified by harvest season was 159.24 gr. on August 4th; and 65.11 gr. on september 8th. 15. The relative affectiveness of T(LM) in Reldan-Ec and CAP-EC was shown 29.64 times and 20.41 times as compared with the Nitrofen-Wp. 16. As the weight of earthworms reached 395-25mgs, the TLM concentration in Reldan-Ec was 0.007%;and in the CAT-Wp was 0.0699% respectively. 17. The concentration of L(D) percentage in the agricultural chemicals; DEP-Ec, Reldan-Ec, Heptachlor-D,%, 0.0305%, 0.0368%, 0.2416%, 0.3097% and 0.8277%. respectively. 18. Statistically high signiftcance on the number of earthworm was revealed in terms of eggplant leaves. 19. No significant effect was convinced in terms of increasing eggplant fruits. 20. Adequate application of phosphorus and potash fertilizer to the soil in which the earth worm grown was recommended for eggplant culitivation. 21. There was no visible inhibitory effect of earth worm fecal wastes on the mycelial growth of soil pathogenic fungi examined. 22. The obvious inhibitory effect of earth worm extracts on the mycelial growth was found in Sclerotium rolfsii but was recognized in Rhizoctonia solani and oppositely the stimulating effect of earthworm extracts on the mycelial growth was noticed in Fusarium solani.