실험적으로 유발된 외상성 시신경증에서 고용량 부신피질호르몬제가 시신경 유두 혈류에 미치는 영향

유혜린(Helen Lew),이상렬(Sang Yeul Lee),장재우(Jae Woo Jang),김혜영(Hae Young Kim),강신정(Shin Jeong Kang) 대한안과학회 1998 대한안과학회지 Vol.39 No.8

한국형 간이 정신 상태 검사를 이용한 본태눈꺼풀연축 환자의 인지기능 평가

정석중,유혜린,Sok Joong Chung,Helen Lew 대한안과학회 2013 대한안과학회지 Vol.54 No.6

Purpose: The present study evaluated cognitive functions of Korean patients with essential blepharospasm by the Mini Mental State Examination - Korea (MMSE-K). Methods: Atotal of 33 patients diagnosedwith essential blepharospasm were evaluated. Using the K-MMSEcognitive functions such as orientation, registration and recall, attention and calculation, language, comprehension, and decision were evaluated. Results: All patients were alert and orientedwith an average K-MMSEscore of 25.2 ± 4.0 points. The normal group scores were above 24 points in 25 patients (75%), suspected dementia scores were from 20 to 23 points in 5 patients (15%), and definite dementia scores were from 15 to 19 points in 3 patients (9%). Neurologic and brain imaging evaluation was performed in the 8 patients with suspected dementia or definite dementia. Among these patients, 2 were diagnosed with Parkinson’s disease, 2 were shown to have a specific brain lesion on magnetic resonance imaging, and 1 was diagnosed with a stroke and treated with antiplatelet therapy. Conclusions: The K-MMSE can be a helpful tool for the early detection of cognitive dysfunction in outpatients with essential blepharospasm.

사체를 이용한 안와 내측 구조물의 해부학적 연구

신현민,유혜린,윤영수,Hyun Min Shin,Helen Lew,Young Soo Yun 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.7

분열뇌증에서 발견된 안구 진탕 1예

김창호,유혜린,윤영수,김민영,Chang Ho Kim,Helen Lew,Young Soo Yun,Min Young Kim 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.4

Purpose: Nystagmus is a rare involuntary eye movement which has no known, specific, underlying diseases. Schizencephaly is also a rare disease. A child with generalized developmental delay came to the pediatric clinic. He showed schizencephaly on MRI, and was referred to department of rehabilitation. During rehabilitative evaluation, the patient was referred to the department of ophthalmology due to esotropia. We found that the patient had little esotropia, but did have nystagmus. Therefore, we report a case of congenital nystagmus associated with schizencephaly. Methods: A one-year-old boy showing schizencephaly on MRI and esotropia underwent examination. Results: The patient did not have a remarkable past or familial history, and didn`t show any other anomaly. There were no abnormal findings on slit lamp examination, and according to strabismus studies, he showed very little esotropia. He did show nystagmus. We couldn`t find any significant refractive error or ocular dysfunction on cycloplegic refraction and fundus examination, respectively. Visual evoked potential showed normal findings. On MRI, ordered by the pediatrician, open-lip type schizencephaly on the right frontal lobe and absence of septum pellucidum were seen. There was no endocrinologic abnormality. Conclusions: We report the case of a child with congenital nystagmus accompanied by schizencephaly, and present a literature review.

하사근 작용시 연령에 따른 하안검의 움직임

이상흔,유혜린,윤영수,Sang-Hun Lee,Helen Lew,Young-Soo Yun 대한안과학회 2005 대한안과학회지 Vol.46 No.7

Purpose: There have been few studies on the dynamic analysis of lower eyelid movement. The inferior oblique muscle deep in the inferior orbit is well connected with the extraocular muscle by capsulopalpebral fascia and is involved in the lower eyelid movement. The purpose of this study was to determine the graphical equation of the lower eyelid contour and to quantify the dynamic movement of the lower eyelid at primary gaze and inferior oblique action gaze in normal eyes according to age, as such findings have never been reported before. Methods: One hundred and forty subjects who had no previous eye or eyelid disease and surgery, aged from 5 to 68 years (35.75±30.59 years) were enrolled and divided into 7 age groups. We analyzed digital camera images to obtain the lower eyelid curvature and traveling distance of the lowest point of the lower eyelid accompanied by the action of the inferior oblique muscle. Results: Graphical analysis presented the relationship of the cubic equation resembling the lower eyelid contour. The curvature of the lower eyelid at the gaze of inferior oblique muscles action became flatter than that of the primary position in all age groups. The lowest point of the lower eyelid moved significantly to the medial position and up from the primary gaze at the gaze of the inferior oblique muscles action in all age groups. There was no difference in traveling distance of the lower eyelid at each direction between sexes and age groups. Conclusions: The lower eyelid movements associated with the inferior oblique muscle are believed to be innate. We suggest that the digital image analysis of the lower eyelid contour will be useful to analyze the lower eyelid movements.

코경유눈물주머니코안연결술시 코점막 절개창 크기에 따른 수술 결과

신현민,유혜린,윤영수,Hyun Min Shin,Helen Lew,Young Soo Yun 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.2

Purpose: This study investigated the surgical results and nasal findings of an endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy according to differences in nasal mucosal and lacrimal bone opening size. Methods: This investigation included 40 eyes of 35 patients who had undergone endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy by nasolacrimal duct obstruction between February 2003 and December 2004. Comparisons of nasal mucosal opening with lacrimal bone opening were performed using of digital images recorded during the operations. Opening size was defined as the definite to average length of the long and short axes of each opening. Success rates were evaluated by postoperative subjective symptoms and syringing findings. Postoperative nasal cavity findings were obtained by endonasal evaluation. The results were verified by the Pearson chi-square test. Results: The success rate was higher in the group with a nasal mucosal opening size at least twice as wide as their lacrimal bone opening size (84.62%) compared to the group with a nasal mucosal opening sizes less than twice as wide as their lacrimal bone opening size (78.57%), but the difference was not significant (p=0.78). Granulation tissues were observed at a significantly lower rate in the group with nasal mucosal opening sizes at least twice as wide as their lacrimal bone opening size. Conclusions: Large resection of nasal mucosa in endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomy can improve the result by decreasing the granulation formation.

다양한 눈썹처짐 교정술에 따른 눈썹올림효과 분석

정석중,유혜린,Sok Joong Chung,Helen Lew 대한안과학회 2014 대한안과학회지 Vol.55 No.4

Purpose: The present study investigated the outcomes of browlift using various surgical methods including direct browplasty, endoscopic browlift and transblepharoplasty browlift.<br /> Methods: Twenty-eight brow ptosis cases in 19 patients were treated in the present study. The mean patient age was 67.9 ± 9.7 years, and the mean observation period was 9.0 ± 3.8 months. Nine cases were treated with direct browplasty, eight cases with endoscopic browlift and 11 cases with transblepharoplasty browlift. Photographs of patients were taken before surgery and two months, six months and on the final follow-up after surgery. The brow-to-pupil distance (BPD), brow-to-medial canthus distance (BMCD), and brow-to-lateral canthus distance (BLCD) were analyzed by the Image J Program.<br /> Results: BPD increased 1.88 ± 0.99 mm, BMCD increased 1.06 ± 1.21 mm and BLCD increased 1.36 ± 1.17 mm in all patients six months after surgery. Regarding the change in BPD, direct browplasty increased 1.79 ± 1.29 mm, endoscopic browlift increased 1.94 ± 0.80 mm and transblepharoplasty browlift increased 1.90 ± 0.94 mm without significant difference among the groups on the final follow-up. In terms of brow shape, direct browplasty effectively elevated the lateral brow and endoscopic browlift effectively elevated the medial brow compared to other procedures. No significant complications were observed in any patient.<br /> Conclusions: Browlift techniques such as direct browplasty, endoscopic browlift and transblepharoplasty browlift are safe and effective surgical methods to correct brow height and shape in patients with brow ptosis without any significant complications.<br /> J Korean Ophthalmol Soc 2014;55(4):473-479

눈물 흘림 환자에서 눈물소관 관류술과 존스 검사, 눈물주머니조영술간의 상관 관계

김창호,유혜린,윤영수,Chang-Ho Kim,Helen Lew Young-Soo Yun 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.8

Purpose: The correspondence between the canaliculus irrigation test, dacryocystography, and Jones test in patients with epiphora was investigated. Methods: The study included 494 eyes of 359 patients who complained of epiphora and underwent both canaliculus irrigation test and dacryocystography from May 2001 to March 2006. Sixty-eight eyes from 34 patients diagnosed with functional lacrimal duct obstruction took Jones tests. Factors such as age, sex, duration of epiphora, and site of obstruction were analyzed in terms of correspondence of the tests. Results: Between the canaliculus irrigation test and dacryocystography, correspondent rate was 55%. Correspondence had no relation to patient age, sex, duration of epiphora, or site of obstruction. Between Jones test and dacryocystography, the correspondent rate was 47%. Factors affecting the correspondences were not significantly found. Conclusions: A canaliculus irrigation test can give useful information with high correspondence rate of dacryocystography in the case of ‘not pass’ or ‘pass without regurgitation’. Therefore dacryocystography should be utilized in “pass with regurgitation” cases by canaliculus irrigation test.

안윤근파동 환자에서 보툴리눔 독소의 치료 효과

유수병,유혜린,윤영수,Su Byung Yu,M,D,Helen Lew,M,D,Young Soo Yun,M,D 대한안과학회 2007 대한안과학회지 Vol.48 No.6

Purpose: To evaluate clinical manifestations and effects of botulinum toxin in eyelid myokymia patients. Methods: Between March 2001 and March 2005, botulinum toxin injection therapy was performed in 12 eyelid myokymia patients. We evaluated duration of disease, systemic disease, drug history, and range, grade, frequency of myokymia at the first visit. Botulinum injections were performed in patients with normal results of blood tests and neuroimaging tests. Improvement of symptoms, duration of effectiveness, and complications were evaluated after the botulinum toxin injection therapies. Data was analyzed with the Mann-Whitney U test. Results: Improvement of symptoms was noticed in 10 patients (83.3%). Among the 10 patients, 5 patients were decided as cured patients because they did not require any retreatment. Range and grade of myokymia didn`t affect on effect of treatment. Pain, edema, excessive tearing, and unnatural face were noticed as complications of treatment, but all complications disappeared 2 weeks after the treatment. Conclusions: Botulinum toxin injection therapy is noninvasive and effective treatment in benign eyelid myokymia patients without causal neurologic disease.

간헐외사시 환자에서 측방 주시 사시량에 따른 수술 성공률

유수병,유혜린,윤영수.Su Byung Yu. M.D.. Helen Lew. M.D.. Young Soo Yun. M.D. 대한안과학회 2006 대한안과학회지 Vol.47 No.8

Purpose: This study investigated the surgical result of intermittent exotropia according to the difference between primary gaze and lateral gaze, where the extent of surgical treatment was decided by the angle of deviation in primary gaze. Methods: The subjects of this study were 128 patients who had intermittent exotropia and were operated on by the same surgeon. Deviation angle of strabismus was checked at near and distance and primary and 30-degree lateral directions of gaze. The Worth 4 dot test and Titmus test were performed. Refixation time and axial length were measured. Either the cycloplegic refraction test or manifest refraction test was done depending on the patient`s age. The extent of surgery was decided by the criteria recommended by Parks. Patients were classified into 2 groups. Group 1 included patients with 5-PD or smaller differences in the angle of deviation in the primary and lateral gaze. Patients who had differences greater than 5-PD in the angle of deviation according to the direction of gaze were classified as group 2. Clinical data were verified by Pearson Chi-square test. Results: Age, sex, angle of deviation at near and distance, oblique muscle function, spherical equivalent, astigmatism, axial length, stereopsis, and refixation time did not affect the difference in the angle of deviation according to the direction of gaze. The non-fusion group showed a large difference in the angle of deviation according to the direction of gaze. The extent of surgery was determined by the deviation angle in primary gaze. Both group showed similar surgical results. Conclusions: To determine the degree of surgery needed, it is reasonable to measure the deviation angle in primary gaze for patients with intermittent exotropia.