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성은에 ( Eun Ai Sung ) 영미문학연구회 2011 영미문학연구 Vol.21 No.-
This paper proposes to examine how Charles Dickens, as a "visualizing genius," adopted and appropriated the element of spectacle, to achieve apparently incompatible goals of commercial success and of education of his protagonist and his readers. It reviews some critical works on Dickens`s use of visual elements in his novels, especially in the field of cultural studies and film studies. Most of the analyses of the spectacles in his most successful Christmas story A Christmas Carol depend on the concept of spectacle elaborated by Guy Debord, ruling out the possibility of criticism and resistance on the part of the reader/audience, as Debord avers that spectacle presupposes and also incurs the alienation of the spectator and elimination of acting subject. This paper proceeds to show how Dickens transcribes visual spectacles into written form, how he maximizes the resources of Christmas spectacles to encourage his readers to act in real life, and how he tries to arrange the spectacles shown by the Christmas Ghosts to reveal the hidden reality of Victorian society which most of the middle class readers would look away. By questioning the ruling ideology of utilitarianism and its lack of sympathy and respect for the people, Dickens proves that spectacle, as a double-edged sword, can be utilized both in enforcing and justifying the status quo and in making cracks from the inside of that status quo at the same time.