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20-30대 탈북청년들의 생활양식과 그 의미에 관한 연구 : 하루일과 탐색을 중심으로
전주람(Jun JooRam),손인배(Sohn, InBae) 한국이민학회 2023 한국이민학 = Korean journal of international migration Vol.10 No.2
본 연구의 목적은 20-30대 탈북청년들의 생활양식이 어떠한지 하루일과를 중심으로 탐색하고자 하였다. 이를 위해 4명의 탈북청년을 모집하였고, 집단초점면담법을 활용하여 생활양식에 대해 질문하고 그 자료를 분석하였다. 인터뷰 내용은 다우니 웜볼트(Downe-Wamboldt)의 주제분석 방법을 활용하여 분석하였고, 총 4개의 대주제와 9개의 하위주제가 도출되었다. 그 결과, 첫 번째로 연구참여자들은 북한에서 환경과 가족성분 중심의 일상으로 생계유지 또는 가족의 기대를 충족시켜야 한다는 가족성분 위주의 환경에 맞추어져 살아온 특성이 있는 반면 입남 후 그들은 자기선택권 확대가 강화되고 자기가치관이 반영된 자신만의 생활기준을 확보해 나갔다. 두 번째로 연구참여자들은 보다 나은 일상을 경험해 나가고자 시간, 돈, 외모 등 가시적, 비가시적 자원을 적극적으로 설계 및 관리해 나갔고, 자격증제도 활용을 통한 전문성을 강화해 나갔다. 세 번째로 연구참여자들은 남한출생자들의 북한사람에 대한 무시와 편견을 경험했지만, 혼돈의 시기를 극복하고 자신의 신념, 가치관 등을 확립해 나가며 개인의 정착만이 아닌 사회적으로 가치 있는 일을 찾아나갔다. 마지막으로 연구는 제한점과 함께 탈북청년들을 위한 생활양식에 관한 후속 연구에 대한 몇 가지 사항을 제안하였다. The purpose of this study was to explore the lifestyle focusing on daily routine of young North Koreans in their 20s and 30s living in South Korea. To this end, four North Korean youth were recruited, and the group in-depth interview was conducted on their daily routine. The content of interview data was qualitatively analyzed through Downe-Wamboldt’s thematic analysis methodology, nine core contents were derived under 4 domains. As a result of the study, First, research participants lived passively according to the environment in North Korea, but in South Korea, participants had expanded self-choice and more actively created their own unique living standards that reflected their own values. Second, the research participants actively designed and managed visible and invisible resources such as time, money, and appearance to experience a better daily life, and strengthened their expertise through the use of the certification system. Third, although the participants experienced the disregard and prejudice toward North Koreans by those born in South Korea, they overcame the period of confusion, established their own beliefs and values, and sought out socially valuable work, not just personal settlement. Along with the limitations of the current study, the future direction of the study for North Korean youth and suggestions for them were discussed together.
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孫仁培 최신의학사 1968 最新醫學 Vol.11 No.6
The action-cum-research project was conducted for a period of one year beginning from May, 1966 to April, 1967 over the area covering Kimchun City and a part of surrounding Kumnung Gun, Kyongsangpuk-Do Province. The primary aim of this project was to demonstrate and assess the possibility of improving simultaneously vital statistics and family planning in urban and rural Korea. As the method of study, a simple delivery kit was distributed to the expectant mothers in the experimental area, and its effects on the reporting of vital events(births and deaths) and the acceptance of family planning were compared with,the same in the control area without such an action program. From this study, we can state that the system of distributing simple hygienic delivery kits to all expectant mothers in the area is an effective method of obtaining accurate statistics of births. It is also effectit%e in the reduction of infant mortality, which, in turn, promotes acceptance of family planning in rural Korea. The results of the activities in the field are briefly summarized as follows: 1. In rural Korea, judging from the places of their last delivery and the materials and tools they used for delivery aid, most of the mothers (more than 95%) delivered under extremely unhygienic condition, though a better situation existed in urban areas where about 30% of the deliveries were attended by a physician or midwife. 2. In asking their opinion and attitude toward the use of the delivery kit, more expectant mothers in urban areas(74%) wanted to use the kits than those of rural areas did(68%). However, in the actual use, 86% of the known deliveries in rural area actually utilized the kit while only 40% in the city used it. 3. By using the delivery kit distribution system, 90% of the total births estimated in the village were detected and reported to the project, while only 60% of the births were reported by the assigning reporter without the- kit. However, in the city, the kit holders reported births about at the same level as the reporters without the kit did. Therefore, collecting the data of vital statistics by utilizing the delivery kit distribution system is especially effective in rural areas but not so much effective in urban areas. 4. In death reporting there is no evidence that the delivery kit distribution system had any noticeable effect on raising the reporting rate. However, this study indicates that any assigned reporter with or without the kit, turned in more than 65% of the deaths occurred in village if they are given some incentives to do so. 5. By assigning a vital events reporter, with or without the delivery kits, there has been much improvement in the time of, reporting by preventing delay. Out of the total vital events reported in this study, 92% of births and 85% of deaths were reported within two months after the events, while only 41% of the birth events were registered in the civil registration office within the period of one year. 6. There is an evidence that infant mortality among kit users was lower than among non-users. Also, family planning acceptance rate in the experimental area was two times higher than in the control area.
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