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- 저자 : ( Nishi Kiyoko ) (검색결과 2 건)
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Articles : Assisted Reproductive Technology in Japan: Focus on Surrogate Pregnancy
( Nishi Kiyoko ) 아세아여성법학연구소 2013 아세아여성법학 Vol.16 No.-
In Japan, Assisted Reproductive Technology (ART) is widely practiced since 1949. However there is no legislation on pregnancy using ART. This article surveys the current situation of ART in Japan, and examines focusing on two problems: (1) whether surrogate pregnancy (gestational carrier) is acceptable; and (2) the parentage of children born by means of surrogate pregnancy. This article draws two conclusions: (1) surrogate pregnancy may be allowed in the exceptional case; and (2) although the surrogate mother should be the legal mother even when the eggs of the commissioning female are used, a narrow way which changes the commissioning female into a legal (natural) mother should be provided.
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Civil Code as a Shackle on Its Own Revision: Remarriage Moratorium for Women [Case Note]
西希代子 ( Nishi Kiyoko ) 아세아여성법학연구소 2016 아세아여성법학 Vol.19 No.-
On December 16, 2015, Japan`s Supreme Court handed down a notable judgement. Supreme Court stated that while the first one hundred days of the six-month moratorium on remarriage were not in violation of the Constitution, the portion of the moratorium in excess of one hundred days was a violation of the constitution. Some Civil Law scholars have criticized this judgement, giving precedence to the freedom of marriage and claiming that the remarriage moratorium is unconstitutional in its entirety. I also believe that in future it will be appropriate to completely abolish the remarriage moratorium. However it is not adequate to discuss such matters solely from the perspectives of human rights and gender equality, and moreover entail difficult questions about the significance of other institutions established in the Civil Code such as the system for the presumption of legitimacy. Under the current Civil Code, the remarriage moratorium has in practice become a means of maintaining and rendering more effective the system for the presumption of legitimacy, and that the freedom to remarry is structured in such a way as to be unavoidably restricted by this system. In this paper, after ascertaining the state of the conventional debate surrounding the remarriage moratorium for women, I introduce the Case of the Remarriage Moratorium. Finally, I discuss the evaluation of this Judgement as well as some future challenges. I propose a revision that encompasses not only marriage law but also filiation law.
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