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Haque, Md Mozammel,Biswas, Jatish Chandra,Waghmode, Tatoba R.,Kim, Pil Joo CSIRO Publishing 2016 Soil research Vol.54 No.3
<P> Hairy vetch (Vicia villosa Roth) is cultivated during the cold fallow season in paddy soils of temperate countries such as South Korea and Japan, mostly as animal feed and green manure. Information on the effect of ageing of hairy vetch incorporation in relation to greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions and global warming potential (GWP) is not available. Therefore, hairy vetch biomass of ages 183, 190, 197, and 204 days was incorporated in paddy soil to estimate GWP during rice cultivation. The emission rates of methane (CH4), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrous oxide (N2O) gases were monitored once a week by using the closed-chamber method. The net ecosystem carbon budget was used to estimate pure CO2 emission fluxes. Biomass production of hairy vetch was 6.5 Mg ha-1 at 204 days, which was similar to other treatments. The GWP was lower with the 204-day-old vetch biomass incorporation than with other treatments. High content of cellulose and lignin in 204-day-old hairy vetch might have affected decomposition rate and subsequently reduced GHGs emissions during rice cultivation. Our results suggest that hairy vetch can be allowed to grow for 204 days before incorporation at 3 Mg ha-1 without sacrificing rice yield, while maximising biomass production and minimising GWP during rice cultivation. </P>
구두발표(OA)-농업환경 및 토양,수질 분야 : OA-03 ; 벼논에서 유기물 처리량이 높을수록 메탄 발생 억제 효과가 높은 중간낙수 처리
무하마드모잘멜하크 ( Mozammel Haque ),김상윤 ( Sang Yoon Kim ),김길원 ( Gilwon Kim ),김필주 ( Pil Joo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2014 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2014 No.-
Winter cover crop cultivation is recommended to improve soil carbon sequestration and quality. However, its biomass addition as a green manure can significantly increase methane (CH4) in rice paddy soil. There are many soil management practices to reduce CH4 emission in rice paddy soil, but the intermittent drainage is regarded as a key soil management to reduce CH4 emission during rice cultivation. However, it is expected to increase significantly carbon di .oxide (CO2) emission. In this study, the effect of a 30.day intermittent drainage from the 20th day after transplanting (DAT) to the 50th DAT on two greenhouse gas (GHG) fluxes and yield properties were compared with those of a continuous flooding system under different rates of cover crop biomass addition during rice cultivation. The biomass of cover crop which cultivated during the fallow season on site was applied with the different rates (0.100%) of total biomass (12 Mg ha.1 on dried weight). Methane and CO2 gas samples were collected simultaneously twice a week by two different pairs of closed chamber. The effect of intermittent drainage on changing two GHG emissions were compared using the GWP value which was calculated as CO2 equivalents by multiplying 25 to the seasonal CH4 flux. Methane and CO2 emission rates were significantly (p<0.05) increased with increasing application rates of cover crop biomass in both irrigation treatments. The intermittent drainage effectively reduced seasonal CH4 fluxes by ca. 51% to that of the continuous flooding under total biomass removal, but its effect was significantly increased under higher biomass application. The intermittent drainage reduced around 69% of total CH4 flux under total biomass recycling, but increased CO2 fluxes by 18.20% under the same levels of biomass addition. However, the intermittent drainage significantly reduced the total GWP value, and its effect significantly increased under higher biomass addition from 66% to 77%. There was no significant difference in terms of rice yield either in continuous flooding or intermittent irrigation under the same fertilization background. In conclusion, the intermittent drainage could be a good soil management strategy under high levels of biomass addition to reduce GWP value by suppressing effectively CH4 emission.
녹비를 시용한 벼논에서 토양과 벼를 통한 메탄 배출 특성 및 기여도 평가
모하마드모자멜하끄 ( Mozammel Haque ),김상윤 ( Sang Yoon Kim ),타토바R와그모드 ( Tatoba R Weghmode ),김필주 ( Pil Joo Kim ) 한국환경농학회 2013 한국환경농학회 학술대회집 Vol.2013 No.-
Many researchers have documented that rice-mediated transport is the major pathway potentially accounting for more than 90% of the total CH4 emitted from soils over the growing season. However, characterization of the individual CH4 transport like ebullition as gas bubbles and rice plant has not been well elucidated in green-manure amended mono-rice paddy soil. A mixture of barley (75% of the recommended dose, RD), and hairy vetch (hereafter, vetch, 25% of the RD) seeds were broadcasted after riceharvesting in the experimental farm of Gyeongsang National University (36o 50` N and 128o 26` E), Jinju, South Korea, and the above-ground biomass (34-36 Mg ha-1 with 67-69 % moisture content) were harvested before rice transplanting in 2011 and 2012. The fresh biomass was chopped in a 5-10 cm length and incorporated with different ratios (0-100%) one week before ricetransplanting under the same chemical fertilization (N-P2O5-K2O= 90-45-58 kg ha-1). The combination of cover crop biomass was applied at the rate of 0, 9, 18, 27 and 36 Mg ha-1 on fresh weight basis to investigate their effect on CH4 emission through direct ebullition from the soil and rice-mediated transport during rice cultivation. With increasing biomass application, the plant-mediated CH4 transport sharply increased until the vegetative stage of the plant, while CH4 emission through direct ebullition from soil was higher at the reproductive stage of the plant than plant-mediated transportation. Our result predicts that ca. 9 and 91% of CH4 emitted through plant-mediated transport and direct ebullition, respectively in paddy soil applied with green manure applications. Incorporation of cover crop biomass at 9 Mg ha-1 was optimum for the reduction of CH4 emissions in soil and its increased application can significantly increases CH4 emission during rice cultivation.
Effect of Early and Delay Starting of Enteral Feeding in Post-Pancreatoduodenectomy Patients
( Bidhan Chandra Das ),( Mozammel Haque ),( Noor-e- Elashi ),( Zulfiqur Rahman Khan ) 대한간학회 2018 춘·추계 학술대회 (KASL) Vol.2018 No.1
Aims: This study is undertaken to see the effect of early starting of enteral feeding after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD). Methods: Thirty patients who underwent PD in the Department of Surgery, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University, Dhaka from January 2016 to December 2016 was included in the study. They were divided into two groups; Group I (n=15): Enteral feeding was started from 2nd POD through nasojejunal feeding tube along with parenteral partial nutrition support. Group II (n=15): No enteral feeding was given up to 7-8 PODs except partial perenteral feeding. Post-operatively, serum albumin levels, total lymphocyte count, total bilirubin levels, serum alkaline phosphate levels were measured for 2 weeks postoperatively in all patients for assessing nutritional, immunological and cholestasis. Mortality, morbidity and lengths of post-operative hospital stay were also recorded. Results: Both groups matched the same status pre- and per-operatively. Postoperatively serum albumin level and lymphocyte count decreased from preoperative level on 3rd POD and gradually increased from 7th POD onward in both groups but they remained persistently higher in Group I than Group II. Total bilirubin and alkaline phosphatase decreased to normal within 7 POD in Group I, but they remained still higher than normal level on POD 14 Group II. Morbidity and hospital stay is significantly lower in group I than group II. Conclusions: Early enteral feeding should be considered after PD. It will improve nutritional, immunological status and cholestasis. Thus it reduces morbidity and shortens the hospital stay.