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        An overview of the gut side of the SARS-CoV-2 infection

        ( Bruna Barbosa Da Luz ),( Natalia Mulinari Turin De Oliveira ),( Isabella Wzorek França Dos Santos ),( Luana Zampieron Paza ),( Lara Luisa Valerio De Mello Braga ),( Fernanda Da Silva Platner ),( Mar 대한장연구학회 2021 Intestinal Research Vol.19 No.4

        In late 2019, an outbreak of pneumonia caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) initiated in Wuhan, Hubei province, China. The major clinical symptoms described for coronavirus disease (COVID-19) include respira-tory distress and pneumonia in severe cases, and some patients may experience gastrointestinal impairments. In accordance, viral RNA or live infectious virus have been detected in feces of patients with COVID-19. Binding of SARS-CoV-2 to the angio-tensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2) is a vital pathway for the virus entry into human cells, including those of the respiratory mucosa, esophageal epithelium as well as the absorptive enterocytes from ileum and colon. The interaction between SARS- CoV-2 and ACE2 receptor may decrease the receptor expression and disrupt the function of B0AT1 transporter influencing the diarrhea observed in COVID-19 patients. In this context, a fecal-oral transmission route has been considered and points out a role for the digestive tract in disease transmission and severity. Here, in order to further understand the impact of COVID-19 in human physiology, the cellular and molecular mechanisms of SARS-CoV-2 infection and disease severity are discussed in the context of gastrointestinal disturbances. (Intest Res 2021;19:379-385)

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