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Effects of Hwangryunhaedok-tang on gastrointestinal motility function in mice
Kim, Hyoyeon,Kim, Iksung,Lee, Min Cheol,Kim, Hyun Jung,Lee, Guem San,Kim, Hyungwoo,Kim, Byung Joo Baishideng Publishing Group Inc 2017 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.23 No.15
<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To investigate the effects of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HHT) on gastrointestinal (GI) motility in mice.</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>The effects of a boiling water extract of HHT (HHTE) on GI motility were investigated by calculating percent intestinal transit rates (ITR%) and gastric emptying (GE) values using Evans Blue and phenol red, respectively, in normal mice and in mice with experimentally induced GI motility dysfunction (GMD). In addition, the effects of the four components of HHT, that is, Gardeniae Fructus (GF), Scutellariae Radix (SR), Coptidis Rhizoma (CR), and Phellodendri Cortex (PC), on GI motility were also investigated.</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>In normal ICR mice, ITR% and GE values were significantly and dose-dependently increased by the intragastric administration of HHTE (0.1-1 g/kg). The ITR% values of GMD mice were significantly lower than those of normal mice, and these reductions were significantly and dose-dependently inhibited by HHTE (0.1-1 g/kg). Additionally, GF, CR, and PC dose-dependently increased ITR% and GE values in normal and GMD mice.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>These results suggest that HHT is a novel candidate for the development of a gastroprokinetic agent for the GI tract.</P>
Hye-Yeon Han,Bong-Soo Bark,Hyung Joon Kim,Seung-Hwa Jeong,Jiyeon Kim,Sung-Hee Jeong,Gyoo Cheon Kim,Dae-Seok Hwang,Uk-Kyu Kim,Hyungwoo Kim,Mi Heon Ryu 대한구강악안면병리학회 2016 대한구강악안면병리학회지 Vol.40 No.6
The fruit of Kochia scoparia Scharder is traditionally used as a medicinal ingredient to treat allergic skin diseases and inflammatory diseases in China, Japan and Korea. Recently, several studies reported that K. scoparia had potential for the cytotoxicity of human cancer cells. To investigate the anti-cancer effect of K. scoparia on oral cancer and to determine the specific type of cell death induced by MEKS treatment. We investigated the anti-cancer effects of K. scoparia, methanol extract (MEKS) in HSC4 human oral cancer cells. We examined the effects of MEKS on the proliferation rate, cell cycle arrest, 7-AAD-ANNEXIN V double stain, reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and activation of apoptosis and necroptosis-associated proteins in HSC4 cells. MTT assay results demonstrated that MEKS decreased the proliferation rates of HSC4 cells in a dose-dependent manner with an IC50 value of 45.3 μg/ml. MEKS at 50 μg/ml significantly increased the sub-G1 DNA contents of HSC4 cells to 84.8%, versus untreated cells. However, the activation of apoptosis-associated proteins such as cleaved caspase 3, cleaved caspase 8, cleaved caspase 9 and cleaved Poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) did not detect. The level of Bax protein markedly increased in MEKS-treated HSC4 cells. In addition, the cell viability of the DPQ pre-treated HSC4 cells with MEKS treatment was significantly greater than that of MEKS treated-cells. These results suggest that MEKS inhibits cell proliferation and induces necroptosis in oral cancer cells and that MEKS may have potential chemotherapeutic value for the treatment of human oral cancer.
Antiasthmatic effects of schizandrae fructus extract in mice with asthma
Kim, Hyungwoo,Ahn, Yong-Tae,Kim, Youn Sook,Cho, Su In,An, Won Gun Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2014 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.10 No.37
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>Schizandrae fructus (SF), the fruit of <I>Schisandra chinensis</I>, has been used for the treatment of cough, wheezing, dry mouth, hepatitis, cardiovascular disease, and as a tonic and astringent in China, Japan, and Korea.</P><P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>Investigation of the antiasthmatic effects of SF.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>We investigated the effects of SF on airway hyperresponsiveness (AHR) to methacholine, production levels of antigen-specific antibodies, and histopathological changes in the lung tissue in a mouse model (Balb/c) of asthma induced by repeated intranasal instillation of an antigen.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>SF lowered AHR to methacholine (<I>P</I> < 0.05), antigen-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) level (<I>P</I> < 0.01), and immune cell infiltration in mice with asthma. Prednisolone (PD) effectively decreased AHR (<I>P</I> < 0.01), total antibody (<I>P</I> < 0.01) and IgE (<I>P</I> < 0.01) levels, and immune cell infiltration. SF and PD did not affect the levels of antigen-specific IgG1 and IgG2a antibodies.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>Our data suggest that SF has possible application as an antiasthmatic drug. We also suggest that SF could be used as a complementary or alternative medicine to glucocorticoids.</P>
Kim, Hyun Jung,Lee, Guem San,Kim, Hyungwoo,Kim, Byung Joo WJG Press 2017 WORLD JOURNAL OF GASTROENTEROLOGY Vol.23 No.29
<P><B>AIM</B></P><P>To investigate the effects of a water extract of Hwangryunhaedok-tang (HHTE) on the pacemaker potentials of mouse interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs).</P><P><B>METHODS</B></P><P>We dissociated ICCs from small intestines and cultured. ICCs were immunologically identified using an anti-c-kit antibody. We used the whole-cell patch-clamp configuration to record the pacemaker potentials generated by cultured ICCs under the current clamp mode (<I>I</I> = 0). All experiments were performed at 30 °C-32 °C</P><P><B>RESULTS</B></P><P>HHTE dose-dependently depolarized ICC pacemaker potentials. Pretreatment with a 5-HT<SUB>3</SUB> receptor antagonist (Y25130) or a 5-HT<SUB>4</SUB> receptor antagonist (RS39604) blocked HHTE-induced pacemaker potential depolarizations, whereas pretreatment with a 5-HT<SUB>7</SUB> receptor antagonist (SB269970) did not. Intracellular GDPβS inhibited HHTE-induced pacemaker potential depolarization and pretreatment with a Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-free solution or thapsigargin abolished the pacemaker potentials. In the presence of a Ca<SUP>2+</SUP>-free solution or thapsigargin, HHTE did not depolarize ICC pacemaker potentials. In addition, HHTE-induced pacemaker potential depolarization was unaffected by a PKC inhibitor (calphostin C) or a Rho kinase inhibitor (Y27632). Of the four ingredients of HHT, Coptidis Rhizoma and Gardeniae Fructus more effectively inhibited pacemaker potential depolarization.</P><P><B>CONCLUSION</B></P><P>These results suggest that HHTE dose-dependently depolarizes ICC pacemaker potentials through 5-HT<SUB>3</SUB> and 5-HT<SUB>4</SUB> receptors <I>via</I> external and internal Ca<SUP>2+</SUP> regulation and <I>via</I> G protein-, PKC- and Rho kinase-independent pathways.</P>
Kim, Hee-Young,Jeon, Hyongjun,Kim, Hyungwoo,Koo, Sungtae,Kim, Seungtae Frontiers Media S.A. 2018 FRONTIERS IN AGING NEUROSCIENCE Vol.10 No.-
<P><I>Sophora flavescens</I> Aiton (SF) has been used to treat various diseases including fever and inflammation in China, South Korea and Japan. Several recent reports have shown that SF has anti-inflammatory and anti-apoptotic effects, indicating that it is a promising candidate for treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). We evaluated the protective effect of SF against neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium ion (MPP<SUP>+</SUP>)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction in SH-SY5Y human neuroblastoma cells, an <I>in vitro</I> PD model. SH-SY5Y cells were incubated with SF for 24 h, after which they were treated with MPP<SUP>+</SUP>. MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-induced cytotoxicity and apoptosis were confirmed by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-thiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl tetrazolium bromide assay and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated biotinylated UTP nick end labeling assay. MitoSOX red mitochondrial superoxide indicator, tetramethylrhodamine methyl ester perchlorate and Parkin, PTEN-induced putative kinase 1 (PINK1), and DJ-1 immunofluorescent staining were conducted to confirm the mitochondrial function. In addition, western blot was performed to evaluate apoptosis factors (Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome c) and mitochondrial function-related factors (Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1). SF suppressed MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and collapse of mitochondrial membrane potential by inhibiting the increase of reactive oxidative species (ROS) and DNA fragmentation, and controlling Bcl-2, Bax, caspase-3 and cytochrome <I>c</I> expression. Moreover, it attenuated Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1 expression from MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-induced decrease. SF effectively suppressed MPP<SUP>+</SUP>-induced cytotoxicity, apoptosis and mitochondrial dysfunction by regulating generation of ROS, disruption of mitochondrial membrane potential, mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and loss or mutation of mitochondria-related PD markers including Parkin, PINK1 and DJ-1.</P>
Microporous Organic Polymers: A Versatile Synthetic Motif for Hierarchical Polymer Networks
Hyungwoo Kim(김형우) 한국고분자학회 2021 한국고분자학회 학술대회 연구논문 초록집 Vol.46 No.1
Polymer thermosets have been ubiquitously used across industries and even in our daily life owing to their reliable nature. They exhibit distinctive physicochemical properties, for example, thermal stability, high mechanical strength, and chemical resistance, which are mainly generated from their intrinsic cross-linked structures. This talk presents a conceptual design for the network polymers on the basis of microporous organic polymers (MOPs). The MOPs show high surface areas, physicochemical stability, and synthetic flexibility as well. For the design of thermosets, the porous materials are able to not only play a pivotal role as a synthetic motif but also impart the resultant thermosets with specific functions. As a result, soft monoliths based on random fiber network or thermosets with hierarchical pores have been achieved, which show interesting mechanical properties or enhanced catalytic activities.
Kim, Miyoung,Kim, Hanna,Ryu, Jeonghyun,Jo, Suzy,Lee, Guemsan,Ryu, Mi Heon,Kim, Hyungwoo,Cho, Su In Medknow PublicationsMedia Pvt Ltd 2014 Pharmacognosy magazine Vol.10 No.38
<P><B>Background:</B></P><P>The slough shed of <I>Cryptotympana atrata</I> Fabricius is widely used to treat skin diseases in China, Japan, and Korea.</P><P><B>Objective:</B></P><P>To investigate the anti-inflammatory effects of <I>C. atrata</I> on contact dermatitis.</P><P><B>Materials and Methods:</B></P><P>We investigated the effects of <I>C. atrata</I> methanol extract (MECA) on ear swelling, histophathological changes and cytokine production in 1-fluoro-2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene (DNFB)-induced contact dermatitis (CD) mice.</P><P><B>Results:</B></P><P>Topical application of MECA effectively inhibited enlargement of ear swelling (30 and 100 μ/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.01). MECA treatment also inhibited hyperplasia, spongiosis (100 and 300 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.001), and immune cell infiltration (30 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 100 and 300 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.001) induced by DNFB. In addition, treatment with MECA suppressed the increase in the levels of TNF-α (<I>P</I> < 0.05), IFN-g (3, 100 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.01), and IL-6 (100 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.05; 300 μg/ear, <I>P</I> < 0.01) production.</P><P><B>Conclusion:</B></P><P>These data suggest that MECA has the potential for use in the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases, including CD. Moreover, the results presented herein indicate that anti-inflammatory actions of MECA are mediated by decreasing production of TNF-α, IFN-γ, and IL-6 in inflamed tissues.</P>